Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on freedom of movement for workers within the Union Text with EEA relevance Basic information Dates Date of document: Date of publication: Date of effect: June 16, 2011 Entry into force - Date pub. +20 See Art 42 Modified by Modified by: Modifies Modifies: Repeal: Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 of the Council of 15 October 1968 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community Council Regulation (EEC) No 312/76 of 9 February 1976 amending the provisions relating to the trade union rights of workers contained in Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community Council Regulation (EEC) No 2434/92 of 27 July 1992 amending Part II of Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 on freedom of movement for workers within the Community DOCUMENTS CONCERNING THE ACCESSION OF THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC TO THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, ACT CONCERNING THE CONDITIONS OF ACCESSION OF THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC AND THE ADJUSTMENTS TO THE TREATIES, ARTICLE 56 DOCUMENTS CONCERNING THE ACCESSION OF THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC TO THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, ACT CONCERNING THE CONDITIONS OF ACCESSION OF THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC AND THE ADJUSTMENTS TO THE TREATIES, ARTICLE 216 DOCUMENTS CONCERNING THE ACCESSION OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC TO THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, ACT CONCERNING THE CONDITIONS OF ACCESSION OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC AND THE ADJUSTMENTS TO THE TREATIES, PART FOUR TRANSITIONAL MEASURES, TITLE III FREE MOVEMENT OF PERSONS, SERVICES AND CAPITAL, CHAPTER 1 WORKERS, ARTICLE 45 DOCUMENTS CONCERNING THE ACCESSION OF THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC TO THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, ACT CONCERNING THE CONDITIONS OF ACCESSION OF THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC AND THE ADJUSTMENTS TO THE TREATIES, ARTICLE 217 Affected by case Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 28 April 2022. Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León v Delia. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Castilla y León. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Freedom of movement for workers – Article 45 TFEU – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Equal treatment – National system for recognition of career development of healthcare professionals – Professional experience acquired in the health services of another Member State not taken into consideration – Obstacle. Case C-86/21. Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 15 June 2023. BM and NP v Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca - MIUR. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per il Lazio. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Freedom of movement for workers – Article 45 TFEU – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 3(1) – Obstacle – Equal treatment – Procedure for compiling lists for awarding posts in certain national public institutions – Requirement for admission linked to prior professional experience gained at those institutions – National legislation not allowing professional experience gained in other Member States to be taken into account – Whether justified – Objective of combating job insecurity. Case C-132/22. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 13 March 2019. Gemeinsamer Betriebsrat EurothermenResort Bad Schallerbach GmbH v EurothermenResort Bad Schallerbach GmbH. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Free movement of workers — Article 45 TFEU — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Article 7(1) — Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of nationality — Right to paid annual leave based on the seniority of the worker with the employer — Account taken only in part of previous periods of service completed with other employers — Social law — Disparity between the schemes and legislation of the Member States. Case C-437/17. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 16 May 2024. FV v Caisse pour l'avenir des enfants. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour de cassation du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 45 TFEU – Freedom of movement for workers – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Family allowance – Worker having custody of a child placed with that worker by a court order – Resident worker and non-resident worker – Difference in treatment – No justification. Case C-27/23. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 8 May 2019. Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund, Gewerkschaft Öffentlicher Dienst v Republik Österreich. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Social policy — Prohibition of all discrimination on grounds of age — Directive 2000/78/EC — Exclusion of professional experience obtained before the age of 18 — New system of remuneration and advancement — Maintenance of the difference in treatment — Freedom of movement for workers — Article 45 TFEU — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Article 7(1) — National legislation providing for account to be taken of a proportion of previous periods of service. Case C-24/17. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 2 March 2017. Alphonse Eschenbrenner v Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landessozialgericht Rheinland-Pfalz, Mainz. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement for workers — Article 45 TFEU — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Article 7 — Equal treatment — Frontier worker subject to income tax in the Member State of residence — Benefit paid by the Member State of employment in the event of the employer’s insolvency — Detailed rules for the calculation of the insolvency benefit — Notional taking into account of the income tax of the Member State of employment — Insolvency benefit lower than the previous net remuneration — Bilateral convention for the avoidance of double taxation. Case C-496/15. Judgment of the Court (Eighth Chamber) of 12 May 2021. PF and QG v Caisse d’allocations familiales d’Ille et Vilaine (CAF). Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal de grande instance de Rennes. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Freedom of movement for workers – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Ceilings related to resources – Account taken of the resources received in the penultimate year preceding the period of payment of allowances – Worker returning to his Member State of origin – Reduction in the entitlement to family allowances. Case C-27/20. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber), 5 December 2013. Zentralbetriebsrat der gemeinnützigen Salzburger Landeskliniken Betriebs GmbH v Land Salzburg. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landesgericht Salzburg. Freedom of movement for workers — Article 45 TFEU — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Article 7(1) — National legislation providing for account to be taken only of a proportion of the periods of service completed with employers other than Land Salzburg — Restriction of freedom of movement for workers — Justifications — Overriding reasons in the public interest — Objective of rewarding loyalty — Administrative simplification — Transparency. Case C‑514/12. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 10 July 2019. Nicolas Aubriet v Ministre de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal administratif. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement for persons — Equal treatment — Social advantages — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Article 7(2) — Financial aid for higher education studies — Non-resident students — Condition connected with the period of their parents’ working time on national territory — Minimum period of five years — Reference period of seven years — Method of calculation of the reference period — Date of the application for financial aid — Indirect discrimination — Justification — Proportionality. Case C-410/18. Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 2 April 2020. Caisse pour l'avenir des enfants. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil supérieur de la Sécurité sociale (Luxembourg). Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 45 TFEU – Social security for migrant workers – Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 – Article 1(i) – Freedom of movement for workers – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Directive 2004/38 – Article 2(2) – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Family allowance – Concept of ‘members of the family’ – Exclusion of the children of the spouses of non-resident workers – Difference in treatment in comparison with the children of the spouses of resident workers – Justification. Case C-802/18. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 18 December 2019. UB v Generálny riaditeľ Sociálnej poisťovne Bratislava. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Najvyšší súd Slovenskej republiky. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Social security — Coordination of social security systems — Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 — Article 3 — Matters covered — Old-age benefit — Freedom of movement for workers within the European Union — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Article 7 — Equal treatment of national workers and migrant workers — Social advantages — Legislation of a Member State restricting the grant of an ‘additional benefit for sportspersons who have represented the State’ to the citizens of that State. Case C-447/18. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 15 December 2016. Noémie Depesme and Others v Ministre de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. References for a preliminary ruling from the Cour administrative (Luxembourg). Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement of persons — Worker’s rights — Equal treatment — Social advantages — Financial aid for the pursuit of higher education studies — Requirement of a parent-child relationship — Concept of ‘child’ — Child of a spouse or registered partner — Contribution towards the maintenance of that child. Joined Cases C-401/15 to C-403/15. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 6 October 2020. Jobcenter Krefeld - Widerspruchsstelle v JD. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landessozialgericht Nordrhein-Westfalen. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Free movement of persons – Workers – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Article 10 – Children attending school – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 24 – Social assistance – Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 – Article 4 – Article 70 – Special non-contributory cash benefits – Migrant worker with dependent children attending school in the host Member State. Case C-181/19. Judgment of the Court (Eighth Chamber) of 8 December 2022. GV v Caisse nationale d’assurance pension. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour de cassation du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Free movement of persons – Article 45 TFEU – Workers – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(1) and (2) – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Survivor’s pension – Members of a civil partnership – National legislation making the grant of a survivor’s pension conditional upon the entry in the national register of a partnership that was validly concluded and registered in another Member State. Case C-731/21. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 24 November 2022. MCM v Centrala studiestödsnämnden. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Överklagandenämnden för studiestöd. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Freedom of movement for persons – Article 45 TFEU – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Financial aid for higher education studies in another Member State – Residence requirement – Alternative requirement of social integration for non-resident students – Situation of a student who is a national of the State granting the aid, residing since birth in the State of studies. Case C-638/20. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 10 October 2019. Adelheid Krah v Universität Wien. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberlandesgericht Wien. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Free movement of persons – Article 45 TFEU – Workers – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(1) – Postdoctoral senior lecturers – Limitation on the recognition of previous periods of professionally relevant service completed in another Member State – System of pay linking a higher rate of pay to the duration of employment with the current employer. Case C-703/17. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 14 December 2016. Maria do Céu Bragança Linares Verruga and Others v Ministre de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal administratif. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement of persons — Equal treatment — Social advantages — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Article 7(2) — Financial aid for higher education studies — Students not residing in the territory of the Member State concerned subject to the condition that they be the children of workers who have been employed or who have pursued their professional activity in that Member State for a continuous period of at least five years — Indirect discrimination — Justification — Objective of increasing the proportion of residents with a higher education degree — Whether appropriate — Proportionality. Case C-238/15. Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 15 June 2023. Thermalhotel Fontana Hotelbetriebsgesellschaft m.b.H. v Bezirkshauptmannschaft Südoststeiermark. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social security – Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 – Article 3(1)(a) – Concept of ‘sickness benefits’ – Scope – Freedom of movement for workers – Article 45 TFEU – Regulation (EC) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Social advantages – Difference in treatment – Justifications – COVID-19 – Isolation of employees ordered by the national health authority – Compensation of those employees by the employer – Reimbursement of the employer by the competent authority – Exclusion of frontier workers required to isolate under a measure taken by the authority of their State of residence. Case C-411/22. Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 2 April 2020. Landkreis Südliche Weinstraße v PF and Others. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberverwaltungsgericht Rheinland-Pfalz. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement for workers — Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 — Children of frontier workers — Social advantages — System for reimbursement of school transport costs — Requirement of residence in a Land — Exclusion of children attending school in that Land and residing in a Member State other than that of the school attended — Exclusion of nationals residing in other Länder. Case C-830/18. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 21 December 2023. GV v Chief Appeals Officer and Others. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the European Union – Articles 21 and 45 TFEU – Right of Union citizens to move and reside freely in the territory of the Member States – Worker having acquired the nationality of the host Member State while retaining his or her nationality of origin – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 3 – Beneficiaries – Article 2(2)(d) – Family member – Dependent direct relatives in the ascending line of a worker who is a Union citizen – Article 7(1)(a) and (d) – Right of residence for more than three months – Retention of the status of dependant in the host Member State – Article 14(2) – Retention of the right of residence – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Social assistance benefits – Unreasonable burden on the social assistance system of the host Member State. Case C-488/21. Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 11 April 2024. XXXX v Sozialministeriumservice. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesverwaltungsgericht. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Social security – Migrant workers – Family benefits – Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 – Article 3 – Sickness benefits – Scope – Care leave allowance – National of a Member State residing and working in another Member State and caring for a family member in the first Member State – Ancillary nature in respect of the care allowance – Article 4 – Equality of treatment. Case C-116/23. Case C-181/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landessozialgericht Nordrhein-Westfalen (Germany) lodged on 25 February 2019 — JD v Jobcenter Krefeld — Widerspruchsstelle article 10 article 7 article 7 paragraph 2 Case C-115/15: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Court of Appeal (England & Wales) (Civil Division) (United Kingdom) made on 6 March 2015 — Secretary of State for the Home Department v NA Case C-731/21: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour de cassation du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (Luxembourg) lodged on 1 December 2021 — GV v Caisse nationale d’assurance pension Case C-27/20: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal de grande instance de Rennes (France) lodged on 21 January 2020 — PF and QG v Caisse d’allocations familiales d’Ille-et-Vilaine (CAF) Case C-618/16: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Upper Tribunal (United Kingdom) made on 29 November 2016 — Rafal Prefeta v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions Case C-112/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale di Napoli (Italy) lodged on 17 February 2022 — Criminal proceedings against CU Case C-223/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale di Napoli (Italy) lodged on 29 March 2022 — Criminal proceedings against ND Case C-132/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per il Lazio (Italy) lodged on 25 February 2022 — BM, NP v Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca article 3 paragraph 1 point (b) Case C-710/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesarbeitsgericht (Germany) lodged on 14 November 2018 — WN v Land Niedersachsen Case C-86/21: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Castilla y León (Spain) lodged on 11 February 2021 — Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León v Delia Case C-401/15: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour administrative (Luxembourg) lodged on 24 July 2015 — Noémie Depesme, Saïd Kerrou v Ministre de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la recherche Case C-24/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof (Austria) lodged on 18 January 2017 — Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund, Gewerkschaft öffentlicher Dienst v Republik Österreich Case C-356/24, Kärntner Landesregierung: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landesverwaltungsgericht Kärnten (Austria) lodged on 16 May 2024 – A.B. Case C-437/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof (Austria) lodged on 19 July 2017 — Gemeinsamer Betriebsrat EurothermenResort Bad Schallerbach GmbH v EurothermenResort Bad Schallerbach GmbH Case C-403/15: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour administrative (Luxembourg) lodged on 24 July 2015 — Maxime Lefort v Ministre de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la recherche Case C-27/23, Hocinx: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour de cassation du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (Luxembourg) lodged on 23 January 2023 — FV v Caisse pour l’avenir des enfants Case C-802/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil supérieur de la Sécurité sociale (Luxembourg) lodged on 19 December 2018 — Caisse pour l’avenir des enfants v FV, GW Case C-411/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof (Austria) lodged on 21 June 2022 — Thermalhotel Fontana Hotelbetriebsgesellschaft m.b.H. Case C-377/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per il Lazio (Italy) lodged on 10 June 2022 — LR v Ministero dell’Istruzione, Ufficio scolastico regionale Lombardia, Ufficio scolastico regionale Friuli Venezia Giulia article 3 paragraph 1 point (b) Case C-638/20: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Överklagandenämnden för studiestöd (Sweden) lodged on 25 November 2020 — MCM v Centrala studiestödsnämnden Case C-402/15: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour administrative (Luxembourg) lodged on 24 July 2015 — Adrien Kauffmann v Ministre de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la recherche Case C-496/15: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landessozialgericht Rheinland-Pfalz, Mainz (Germany) lodged on 22 September 2015 — Alphonse Eschenbrenner v Bundesagentur für Arbeit Case C-163/20: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesfinanzgericht (Austria) lodged on 16 April 2020 — AZ v Finanzamt Hollabrunn Korneuburg Tulln article 7 paragraph 2 article 7 paragraph 1 Case C-703/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberlandesgericht Wien (Austria) lodged on 15 December 2017 — Adelheid Krah v Universität Wien Legal basis Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union PART SIX - INSTITUTIONAL AND FINANCIAL PROVISIONS TITLE I - INSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS Chapter 2 - Legal acts of the Union, adoption procedures and other provisions Section 2 - Procedures for the adoption of acts and other provisions Article 294(ex Article 251 TEC) Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union PART THREE - UNION POLICIES AND INTERNAL ACTIONS TITLE IV - FREE MOVEMENT OF PERSONS, SERVICES AND CAPITAL Chapter 1 - Workers Article 46(ex Article 40 TEC) EuroVoc Vocabulary Free movement of workers Internal market - Principles Job vacancy Worker (EU) Equal treatment Job access Job application Freedom of movement for workers Free movement of workers