Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States amending Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 and repealing Directives 64/221/EEC, 68/360/EEC, 72/194/EEC, 73/148/EEC, 75/34/EEC, 75/35/EEC, 90/364/EEC, 90/365/EEC and 93/96/EEC (Text with EEA relevance) Basic information Dates Date of document: Date of publication: Date of effect: April 30, 2004 Entry into force - Date pub. See Art 41 Date of transposition: April 30, 2006 At the latest See Art 40.1 Modified by Corrected by: Modifies Modifies: Repeal: Implicit repeal: Council Decision of the European Communities of 1 January 1973 adjusting the documents concerning the accession of the new Member States to the European Communities Affected by case Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 26 March 2019. SM v Entry Clearance Officer, UK Visa Section. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the European Union — Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States — Directive 2004/38/EC — Family members of a citizen of the Union — Article 2(2)(c) — ‘Direct descendant’ — Child in permanent legal guardianship under the Algerian kafala (provision of care) system — Article 3(2)(a) — Other family members — Article 7 and Article 24(2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Family life — Best interests of the child. Case C-129/18. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber), 8 November 2012. Yoshikazu Iida v Stadt Ulm. Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof Baden-Württemberg. Articles 20 TFEU and 21 TFEU – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Article 51 – Directive 2003/109/EC – Third-country nationals – Right of residence in a Member State – Directive 2004/38/EC – Third-country nationals who are family members of Union citizens – Third-country national neither accompanying nor joining a Union citizen in the host Member State and remaining in the citizen’s Member State of origin – Right of residence of a third-country national in the Member State of origin of a citizen residing in another Member State – Citizenship of the Union – Fundamental rights. Case C‑40/11. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 15 July 2021. CG v The Department for Communities in Northern Ireland. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – National of a Member State without an activity residing in the territory of another Member State on the basis of national law – The first paragraph of Article 18 TFEU – Non-discrimination based on nationality – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 7 – Conditions for obtaining a right of residence for more than three months – Article 24 – Social assistance – Concept – Equal treatment – Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – Transition period – National provision excluding Union citizens with a right of residence for a fixed period under national law from social assistance – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Articles 1, 7 and 24. Case C-709/20. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 13 July 2017. E v Subdelegación del Gobierno en Álava. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the Union — Right to move and reside freely in the territory of the Member States — Directive 2004/38/EC — The second subparagraph of Article 27(2) — Restrictions on the right of entry and the right of residence on grounds of public policy, public security or public health — Expulsion from the territory for reasons of public policy or public security — Conduct representing a sufficiently serious present and genuine threat for a fundamental interest of society — Present and genuine threat — Concept — Union citizen residing in the host Member State where he is serving a prison sentence for repeated child sexual abuse offences. Case C-193/16. Case C-480/08: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 23 February 2010 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, United Kingdom) — Maria Teixeira v London Borough of Lambeth, Secretary of State for the Home Department (Freedom of movement for persons — Right of residence — National of a Member State who worked in another Member State and remained there after ceasing to work — Child in vocational training in the host Member State — No means of subsistence — Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 — Article 12 — Directive 2004/38/EC) Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 23 February 2010. Maria Teixeira v London Borough of Lambeth and Secretary of State for the Home Department. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Court of Appeal (England & Wales) (Civil Division) - United Kingdom. Freedom of movement for persons - Right of residence - National of a Member State who worked in another Member State and remained there after ceasing to work - Child in vocational training in the host Member State - No means of subsistence - Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 - Article 12 - Directive 2004/38/EC. Case C-480/08. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 7 October 2010. Secretary of State for Work and Pensions v Taous Lassal. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Court of Appeal (England & Wales) (Civil Division) - United Kingdom. Reference for preliminary ruling - Freedom of movement for persons - Directive 2004/38/EC - Article 16 - Right of permanent residence - Temporal application - Periods completed before the date of transposition. Case C-162/09. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 11 April 2019. Neculai Tarola v Minister for Social Protection. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the Union — Freedom of movement for persons — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of free movement and residence within the territory of the Member States — Article 7(1)(a) — Employees and self-employed persons — Article 7(3)(c) — Right of residence for more than three months — National of a Member State who has worked in an employed capacity in another Member State for a period of two weeks — Involuntary unemployment — Retention of the status of worker for no less than six months — Entitlement to jobseeker’s allowance. Case C-483/17. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 5 June 2018. Relu Adrian Coman and Others v Inspectoratul General pentru Imigrări and Ministerul Afacerilor Interne. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Curtea Constituţională a României. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the Union — Article 21 TFEU — Right of Union citizens to move and reside freely in the territory of the Member States — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 3 — Beneficiaries — Family members of the Union citizen — Article 2(2)(a) — Definition of ‘spouse’ — Marriage between persons of the same sex — Article 7 — Right of residence for more than three months — Fundamental rights. Case C-673/16. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber), 16 January 2014. Nnamdi Onuekwere v Secretary of State for the Home Department. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber), London. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 16(2) and (3) — Right of permanent residence of third-country nationals who are family members of a Union citizen — Taking into consideration of periods of imprisonment of those nationals. Case C‑378/12. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber), 4 June 2013. ZZ v Secretary of State for the Home Department. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) (Civil Division). Freedom of movement for persons — Directive 2004/38/EC — Decision refusing a citizen of the European Union admission to a Member State on public security grounds — Article 30(2) of the directive — Obligation to inform the citizen concerned of the grounds of that decision — Disclosure contrary to the interests of State security — Fundamental right to effective judicial protection). Case C‑300/11. Joined Cases C-22/08 and C-23/08: Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 4 June 2009 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Sozialgericht Nürnberg — Germany) — Athanasios Vatsouras (C-22/08), Josif Koupatantze (C-23/08) v Arbeitsgemeinschaft (ARGE) Nürnberg 900 (European citizenship — Free movement of persons — Articles 12 EC and 39 EC — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 24(2) — Assessment of validity — Nationals of a Member State — Professional activity in another Member State — Level of remuneration and duration of the activity — Retention of the status of worker — Right to receive benefits in favour of job-seekers) {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 24.2 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber), 5 September 2012. Secretary of State for the Home Department v Muhammad Sazzadur Rahman and Others. Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States — Article 3(2) — Obligation to facilitate, in accordance with national legislation, entry and residence for ‘any other family members’ who are dependants of a Union citizen. Case C‑83/11. A02PT2 A10P2 A03P2L1LA A03P2 A10 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber), 16 January 2014. Flora May Reyes v Migrationsverket. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Kammarrätten i Stockholm — Migrationsöverdomstolen. Request for a preliminary ruling ‒ Directive 2004/38/EC ‒ Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States — Right of residence in a Member State of a third-country national who is a direct descendant of a person having the right of residence in that Member State — Concept of ‘dependant’. Case C‑423/12. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber), 18 December 2014. The Queen, on the application of Sean Ambrose McCarthy and Others v Secretary of State for the Home Department. Request for a preliminary ruling from the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, Queen’s Bench Division (Administrative Court). Citizenship of the European Union — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of a Member State — Right of entry — Third-country national who is a family member of a Union citizen and in possession of a residence card issued by a Member State — National legislation requiring an entry permit to be obtained prior to entry into national territory — Article 35 of Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 1 of the Protocol (No 20) on the application of certain aspects of Article 26 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to the United Kingdom and to Ireland. Case C‑202/13. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 25 July 2008. Blaise Baheten Metock and Others v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform. Reference for a preliminary ruling: High Court - Ireland. Directive 2004/38/EC - Right of Union citizens and their family members to move and reside freely in the territory of a Member State - Family members who are nationals of non-member countries - Nationals of non-member countries who entered the host Member State before becoming spouses of Union citizens. Case C-127/08. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 6 October 2021. Criminal proceedings against A. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Korkein oikeus. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Right of Union citizens to move freely within the territory of the Member States – Article 21 TFEU – Directive 2004/38/EC – Articles 4 and 5 – Obligation to carry an identity card or a passport – Regulation (EC) No 562/2006 (Schengen Borders Code) – Annex VI – Crossing the maritime border of a Member State on board a pleasure boat – Rules on sanctions applicable when travelling between Member States without an identity card or a passport – Rules on daily fines in criminal cases – Calculation of the fine based on the offender’s average monthly income – Proportionality – Severity of the sanction in relation to the offence. Case C-35/20. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 2 October 2019. Ermira Bajratari v Secretary of State for the Home Department. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the Union — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of residence of a third-country national who is a direct relative in the ascending line of Union citizen minors — Article 7(1)(b) — Condition of sufficient resources — Resources formed by income from employment occupied without a residence card and work permit. Case C-93/18. Case C-229/07: Order of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 21 January 2008 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal administratif de Paris (France)) — Diana Mayeur v Ministère de la Santé et des Solidarités (Article 104/3 of the Rules of Procedure — Article 23 of Directive 2004/38/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council — Freedom of establishment — Recognition of diplomas, qualifications and experience — Situation of a national of a non-Member State, the holder of a degree in medicine issued by that non-Member State and recognised by a Member State, wishing to obtain authorisation to practise her profession as a doctor in another Member State where she resides lawfully with her spouse, a national of the latter Member State) Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber), 10 October 2013. Adzo Domenyo Alokpa and Others v Ministre du Travail, de l’Emploi et de l’Immigration. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour administrative (Luxembourg). Citizenship of the Union — Articles 20 TFEU and 21 TFEU — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of residence of a third-country national who is a direct relative in the ascending line of Union citizens who are minor children — Union citizens born in a Member State other than that of which they are nationals and who have not made use of their right of freedom of movement — Fundamental rights. Case C‑86/12. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 10 September 2019. Nalini Chenchooliah v Minister for Justice and Equality. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the Union — Article 21 TFEU — Right of Union citizens and their family members to move and reside freely in the territory of a Member State — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 3(1) and Articles 15, 27, 28, 30 and 31 — Definition of ‘beneficiary’ — Third-country national, the spouse of a Union citizen who has exercised his right to freedom of movement — Return of the Union citizen to the Member State of which he is a national, where he is serving a prison sentence — Requirements imposed on the host Member State under Directive 2004/38/EC when making a decision to remove such a third-country national. Case C-94/18. Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber), 13 June 2013. Office national d’allocations familiales pour travailleurs salariés (ONAFTS) v Radia Hadj Ahmed. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour du travail de Bruxelles. Social security for migrant workers — Regulation (EEC) No 1408/71 — Scope ratione personae — Grant of family benefits to a third-country national with a right of residence in a Member State — Regulation (EC) No 859/2003 — Directive 2004/38/EC — Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 — Length-of-residence requirement. Case C‑45/12. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 November 2017. Toufik Lounes v Secretary of State for the Home Department. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the Union — Article 21 TFEU — Directive 2004/38/EC — Beneficiaries — Dual nationality — Union citizen having acquired the nationality of the host Member State while retaining her nationality of origin — Right of residence in that Member State of a third-country national who is a family member of the Union citizen. Case C-165/16. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 18 June 2020. Ryanair Designated Activity Company v Országos Rendőr-főkapitányság. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Fővárosi Közigazgatási és Munkaügyi Bíróság. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the European Union — Directive 2004/38/CE — Articles 5, 10 and 20 — Right of entry to a Member State of a third-country national who is a member of the family of an EU citizen — Evidence of holding such a right — Possession of a residence card of a family member of a Union citizen — Possession of a permanent residence card. Case C-754/18. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 6 September 2012. Secretary of State for Work and Pensions v Lucja Czop (C-147/11) and Margita Punakova (C-148/11). References for a preliminary ruling: Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) - United Kingdom. Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 - Directive 2004/38/EC - Right of permanent residence - Social assistance benefits - Care of a child - Period of residence completed before the State of origin acceded to the European Union. Joined cases C-147/11 and C-148/11. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 2 May 2018. K. v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie and H.F. v Belgische Staat. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Rechtbank Den Haag, zittingsplaats Middelburg and the Raad voor Vreemdelingenbetwistingen. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the European Union — Right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States — Directive 2004/38/EC — Second subparagraph of Article 27(2) — Restrictions on the right of entry and the right of residence on grounds of public policy, public security or public health — Expulsion on grounds of public policy or public security — Conduct representing a genuine, present and sufficiently serious threat affecting one of the fundamental interests of society — Person whose asylum application has been refused for reasons within the scope of Article 1F of the Geneva Convention or Article 12(2) of Directive 2011/95/EU — Article 28(1) — Article 28(3)(a) — Protection against expulsion — Residence in the host Member State for the previous ten years — Imperative grounds of public security — Meaning. Case C-331/16. A28P1 A28P2 A28P3LA A16 A27P2 Judgment of the Court (Tenth Chamber) of 22 January 2020. AT v Pensionsversicherungsanstalt. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement for persons — Citizenship of the Union — Right to move and reside freely in the territory of the Member States — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 17(1)(a) — Right of permanent residence — Acquisition before completion of a continuous period of five years of residence — Workers who, at the time they stop working, have reached the age for entitlement to an old age pension. Case C-32/19. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber), 10 July 2014. Ewaen Fred Ogieriakhi v Minister for Justice and Equality and Others. Request for a preliminary ruling from the High Court (Ireland). Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 16(2) — Right of permanent residence for family members of a Union citizen who are third-country nationals — Situation where spouses no longer live together — Immediate installation with other partners during a continuous period of residence of five years — Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 — Article 10(3) — Conditions — Infringement of EU law by a Member State — Examination of the nature of the infringement at issue — Need for a reference for a preliminary ruling. Case C‑244/13. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 21 July 2011. Secretary of State for Work and Pensions v Maria Dias. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Court of Appeal (England & Wales) (Civil Division) - United Kingdom. Free movement of persons - Directive 2004/38/EC - Article 16 - Right of permanent residence - Periods completed before the date of transposition of that directive - Legal residence - Residence based solely on a residence permit issued pursuant to Directive 68/360/EEC, without the conditions governing eligibility for any right of residence having been satisfied. Case C-325/09. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber), 11 November 2014. Elisabeta Dano and Florin Dano v Jobcenter Leipzig. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Sozialgericht Leipzig. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Free movement of persons — Citizenship of the Union — Equal treatment — Economically inactive nationals of a Member State residing in the territory of another Member State — Exclusion of those persons from special non-contributory cash benefits under Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of residence for more than three months — Articles 7(1)(b) and 24 — Condition requiring sufficient resources. Case C‑333/13. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 13 September 2018. Rafal Prefeta v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement for persons — Article 45 TFEU — 2003 Act of Accession — Chapter 2 of Annex XII — Whether a Member State may derogate from Article 7(2) of Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 and Article 7(3) of Directive 2004/38/EC — Polish national who has not completed a period of 12 months’ registered work in the host Member State. Case C-618/16. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber), 8 May 2013. Eric Libert and Others v Gouvernement flamand (C‑197/11) and All Projects & Developments NV and Others v Vlaamse Regering (C‑203/11). Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour constitutionnelle (Belgium). Fundamental freedoms — Restriction — Justification — State aid — Concept of ‘public works contract’ — Land and buildings located in certain communes — National legislation making the transfer of land and buildings subject to the condition that there exists a ‘sufficient connection’ between the prospective buyer or tenant and the target commune — Social obligation on subdividers and developers — Tax incentives and subsidy mechanisms. Joined Cases C‑197/11 and C‑203/11. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 22 February 2024. WA v Direcţia pentru Evidenţa Persoanelor şi Administrarea Bazelor de Date din Ministerul Afacerilor Interne. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Înalta Curte de Casaţie şi Justiţie. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Article 21(1) TFEU – Right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States – Article 45 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 4 – Issuance of an identity card – Requirement of domicile in the Member State issuing the document – Refusal by the authorities of that Member State to issue an identity card to one of its nationals domiciled in another Member State – Equal treatment – Restrictions – Justification. Case C-491/21. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 23 November 2010. Land Baden-Württemberg v Panagiotis Tsakouridis. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Verwaltungsgerichtshof Baden-Württemberg - Germany. Freedom of movement for persons - Directive 2004/38/EC - Articles 16(4) and 28(3)(a) - Union citizen born and having resided for over 30 years in the host Member State - Absences from the host Member State - Criminal convictions - Expulsion decision - Imperative grounds of public security. Case C-145/09. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 8 December 2011. Nural Ziebell v Land Baden-Württemberg. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Verwaltungsgerichtshof Baden-Württemberg - Germany. EEC-Turkey Association Agreement - Freedom of movement for workers - Second indent of first paragraph of Article 7 and Article 14(1) of Decision No 1/80 of the Association Council - Directives 64/221/EEC, 2003/109/EC and 2004/38/EC - Right of residence of a Turkish national born in the territory of a Member State and having resided there for more than 10 years without interruption as the child of a Turkish worker - Convictions for criminal offences - Lawfulness of an expulsion decision - Conditions. Case C-371/08. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 5 December 2023. Nordic Info BV v Belgische Staat. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Nederlandstalige rechtbank van eerste aanleg Brussel. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2004/38/EC – Articles 27 and 29 – Measures restricting the free movement of Union citizens on public health grounds – Measure of general application – National legislation providing for a ban on leaving the national territory in order to engage in non-essential travel to Member States classified as high-risk zones in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and an obligation for every traveller entering the national territory from one of those Member States to undergo screening tests and to observe quarantine – Schengen Borders Code – Article 23 – Exercise of police powers in the field of public health – Equivalence with the exercise of border checks – Article 25 – Possibility of reintroducing border controls at internal borders in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic – Controls carried out in a Member State as part of measures prohibiting the crossing of borders for the purpose of engaging in non-essential travel from or to States in the Schengen area classified as high-risk zones in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Case C-128/22. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 21 December 2011. Tomasz Ziolkowski (C-424/10) and Barbara Szeja and Others (C-425/10) v Land Berlin. References for a preliminary ruling: Bundesverwaltungsgericht - Germany. Freedom of movement for persons - Directive 2004/38/EC - Right of permanent residence - Article 16 - Legal residence - Residence based on national law - Period of residence completed before the accession to the European Union of the State of origin of the citizen concerned. Joined cases C-424/10 and C-425/10. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber), 19 September 2013. Pensionsversicherungsanstalt v Peter Brey. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof. Freedom of movement for persons — Union Citizenship — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of residence for more than three months — Article 7(1)(b) — Person no longer having worker status — Person in possession of a retirement pension — Having sufficient resources not to become a burden on the ‘social assistance system’ of the host Member State — Application for a special non-contributory cash benefit — Compensatory supplement intended to augment a retirement pension — Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 — Articles 3(3) and 70 — Competence of the Member State of residence — Conditions for granting — Legal right to reside on the national territory — Compliance with European Union law. Case C‑140/12. A08P4 A07P1LB A24P1 A24P2 Case C-551/07: Order of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 19 December 2008 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof — Austria) — Deniz Sahin v Bundesminister für Inneres (Article 104(3) of the Rules of Procedure — Directive 2004/38/EC — Articles 18 EC and 39 EC — Right to respect for family life — Right of residence of a national of a non-member country who entered the territory of a Member State as an asylum seeker and subsequently married a national of another Member State) {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 7.2 {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 9.1 {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 10 {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 7.1 PT D) {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 3.1 {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 6.2 Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 10 July 2008. Ministerul Administraţiei şi Internelor - Direcţia Generală de Paşapoarte Bucureşti v Gheorghe Jipa. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Tribunalul Dâmboviţa - Romania. Citizenship of the Union - Article 18 EC - Directive 2004/38/EC - Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States. Case C-33/07. Case C-127/08: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 25 July 2008 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the High Court of Ireland) — Blaise Baheten Metock, Hanette Eugenie Ngo Ikeng, Christian Joel Baheten, Samuel Zion Ikeng Baheten, Hencheal Ikogho, Donna Ikogho, Roland Chinedu, Marlene Babucke Chinedu, Henry Igboanusi, Roksana Batkowska v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform (Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of Union citizens and their family members to move and reside freely in the territory of a Member State — Family members who are nationals of non-member countries — Nationals of non-member countries who entered the host Member State before becoming spouses of Union citizens) {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 3.1 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber), 21 February 2013. L. N. v Styrelsen for Videregående Uddannelser og Uddannelsesstøtte. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Ankenævnet for Uddannelsesstøtten. Citizenship of the Union — Freedom of movement for workers — Principle of equal treatment − Article 45(2) TFEU — Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 — Article 7(2) − Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 24(1) and (2) — Derogation from the principle of equal treatment for maintenance aid for studies consisting in student grants or student loans — European Union citizen studying in a host Member State — Paid employment prior to and subsequent to the start of studies − Principal objective of the person concerned at the time of entry on the territory of the host Member State — Effect on his classification as worker and on his entitlement to student grants. Case C‑46/12. Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 17 November 2011. Petar Aladzhov v Zamestnik director na Stolichna direktsia na vatreshnite raboti kam Ministerstvo na vatreshnite raboti. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Administrativen sad Sofia-grad - Bulgaria. Freedom of movement of a Union citizen - Directive 2004/38/EC - Prohibition on leaving national territory because of non-payment of a tax liability - Whether measure can be justified on grounds of public policy. Case C-434/10. Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 2 April 2020. Caisse pour l'avenir des enfants. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil supérieur de la Sécurité sociale (Luxembourg). Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 45 TFEU – Social security for migrant workers – Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 – Article 1(i) – Freedom of movement for workers – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Directive 2004/38 – Article 2(2) – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Family allowance – Concept of ‘members of the family’ – Exclusion of the children of the spouses of non-resident workers – Difference in treatment in comparison with the children of the spouses of resident workers – Justification. Case C-802/18. Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 17 November 2011. Hristo Gaydarov v Director na Glavna direktsia "Ohranitelna politsia" pri Ministerstvo na vatreshnite raboti. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Administrativen sad Sofia-grad - Bulgaria. Freedom of movement of a Union citizen - Directive 2004/38/EC - Prohibition on leaving national territory due to a criminal conviction in another country - Drug trafficking - Whether measure can be justified on grounds of public policy. Case C-430/10. Order of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 19 December 2008. Deniz Sahin v Bundesminister für Inneres. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Verwaltungsgerichtshof - Austria. Article 104(3) of the Rules of Procedure - Directive 2004/38/EC - Articles 18 EC and 39 EC - Right to respect for family life - Right of residence of a national of a non-member country who entered the territory of a Member State as an asylum seeker and subsequently married a national of another Member State. Case C-551/07. A09P1 A10 A03P1 A07P1LD A07P2 A06P2 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 15 September 2015. Jobcenter Berlin Neukölln v Nazifa Alimanovic and Others. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundessozialgericht. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement for persons — Citizenship of the Union — Equal treatment — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 24(2) — Social assistance — Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 — Articles 4 and 70 — Special non-contributory cash benefits — Member State nationals who are job-seekers and resident in a different Member State — Excluded — Retention of the status of ‘worker’. Case C-67/14. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 27 June 2018. Ibrahima Diallo v État belge. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d'État (Belgium). Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizens of the European Union — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 10(1) — Application for a residence card as a family member — Issuing — Time limit — Adoption and notification of the decision — Consequences of non-compliance with the period — Procedural autonomy of Member States — Principle of effectiveness. Case C-246/17. Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber), 16 January 2014. Secretary of State for the Home Department v M. G. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber), London. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 28(3)(a) — Protection against expulsion — Method for calculating the 10‑year period — Whether periods of imprisonment are to be taken into account. Case C‑400/12. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 14 September 2017. Ovidiu-Mihaita Petrea v Ypourgou Esoterikon kai Dioikitikis Anasygrotisis. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Dioikitiko Protodikeio Thessalonikis. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2004/38/EC — Directive 2008/115/EC — Right to move and reside freely in the territory of the Member States — Residence of a national of a Member State within the territory of another Member State despite a prohibition on entering that State — Lawfulness of a decision to withdraw a registration certificate and a further expulsion decision — Possibility to rely, exceptionally, on the unlawfulness of an earlier decision — Translation obligation. Case C-184/16. Judgment of the Court (Tenth Chamber) of 13 June 2024. Pedro Francisco v Subdelegación del Gobierno en Barcelona. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Juzgado Contencioso-Administrativo de Barcelona. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 27 – Restrictions on the right of entry and the right of residence on grounds of public policy, public security or public health – Conduct representing a genuine, present and sufficiently serious threat affecting one of the fundamental interests of society – Refusal to issue a temporary residence card of a family member of a Union citizen due to a police record – Unfavourable police report due to arrest. Case C-62/23. Case C-145/09: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 23 November 2010 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof Baden-Württemberg (Germany)) — Land Baden-Württemberg v Panagiotis Tsakouridis (Freedom of movement for persons — Directive 2004/38/EC — Articles 16(4) and 28(3)(a) — Union citizen born and having resided for over 30 years in the host Member State — Absences from the host Member State — Criminal convictions — Expulsion decision — Imperative grounds of public security) {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 28 .3.A {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 28 .2 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 14 December 2021. V.М.А. v Stolichna obshtina, rayon „Pancharevo“. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Articles 20 and 21 TFEU – Right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States – Child born in the host Member State of her parents – Birth certificate issued by that Member State mentioning two mothers in respect of that child – Refusal by the Member State of origin of one of those two mothers to issue a birth certificate for the child in the absence of information as to the identity of the child’s biological mother – Possession of such a certificate being a prerequisite for the issue of an identity card or a passport – Persons of the same sex not recognised as parents under the national legislation of that Member State of origin. Case C-490/20. Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 12 July 2018. Secretary of State for the Home Department v Rozanne Banger. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the European Union — Article 21 TFEU — Right of Union citizens to move and reside freely within the territory of the European Union — Directive 2004/38/EC — Point (b) of the first subparagraph of Article 3(2) — Partner with whom the Union citizen has a duly-attested durable relationship — Return to the Member State of which the Union citizen is a national — Application for residence authorisation — Extensive examination of the applicant’s personal circumstances — Articles 15 and 31 — Effective judicial protection — Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Article 47. Case C-89/17. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 30 June 2016. Secretary of State for the Home Department v NA. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal (England & Wales) (Civil Division). Reference for a preliminary ruling — Articles 20 and 21 TFEU — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 13(2)(c) — Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 — Article 12 — Right of residence of family members of a Union citizen — Marriage of a Union citizen and a third country national — Domestic violence — Divorce after the departure of the Union citizen — Retention of right of residence of a third country national with custody of children who are Union citizens. Case C-115/15. Case C-33/07: Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 10 July 2008 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Dâmbovița — Romania) — Ministerul Administrației și Internelor — Direcția Generală de Pașapoarte București v Gheorghe Jipa (Citizenship of the Union — Article 18 EC — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States) {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 27 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 16 July 2015. Kuldip Singh and Others v Minister for Justice and Equality. Request for a preliminary ruling from the High Court of Ireland. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 13(2)(a) — Right of residence of family members of a Union citizen — Marriage between a Union citizen and a third-country national — Retention of the right of residence of a third-country national after the departure of the Union citizen from the host Member State, followed by divorce — Article 7(1)(b) — Sufficient resources — Taking into account the resources of the spouse who is a third-country national — Right of third-country nationals to work in the host Member State in order to contribute to obtaining sufficient resources. Case C-218/14. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 20 December 2017. Florea Gusa v Minister for Social Protection and Others. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2004/38/EC — Person no longer working in a self-employed capacity — Retention of the status of self-employed person — Right of residence — Legislation of a Member State restricting eligibility for a jobseeker’s allowance to persons who have a right of residence on the territory of that Member State. Case C-442/16. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 22 June 2021. FS v Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Directive 2004/38/EC – Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States – Article 15 – End of a Union citizen’s temporary residence in the territory of the host Member State – Expulsion decision – Physical departure of that Union citizen from that territory – Temporal effects of that expulsion decision – Article 6 – Possibility for that Union citizen to enjoy a new right of residence on his or her return to that territory. Case C-719/19. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 22 June 2021. Ordre des barreaux francophones et germanophone and Others v Conseil des ministres. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour constitutionnelle. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Articles 20 and 21 TFEU – Directive 2004/38/EC – Right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States – Decision to terminate a person’s residence on grounds of public policy – Preventive measures to avoid any risk of the person concerned absconding during the period allowed for that person to leave the territory of the host Member State – National provisions similar to those applicable to third-country nationals under Article 7(3) of Directive 2008/115/EC – Maximum period of detention for the purpose of removal – National provision identical to that applicable to third-country nationals. Case C-718/19. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber), 12 March 2014. S. v Minister voor Immigratie, Integratie en Asiel and Minister voor Immigratie, Integratie en Asiel v G. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State (Netherlands). Articles 20 TFEU, 21(1) TFEU and 45 TFEU — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States — Beneficiaries — Right of residence of a third-country national who is a family member of a Union citizen in the Member State of which that citizen is a national — Union citizen residing in the Member State of which he is a national — Professional activities — Regular travel to another Member State. Case C‑457/12. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 1 August 2022. S v Familienkasse Niedersachsen-Bremen der Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Finanzgericht Bremen. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Freedom of movement of persons – Equal treatment – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 24(1) and (2) – Social security benefits – Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 – Article 4 – Family benefits – Exclusion of nationals of other Member States who are economically inactive during the first three months of residence in the host Member State. Case C-411/20. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber), 12 March 2014. O. v Minister voor Immigratie, Integratie en Asiel and Minister voor Immigratie, Integratie en Asiel v B. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State (Netherlands). Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 21(1) TFEU — Right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States — Beneficiaries — Right of residence of a third-country national who is a family member of a Union citizen in the Member State of which that citizen is a national — Return of the Union citizen to that Member State after short periods of residence spent in another Member State. Case C‑456/12. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 21 December 2023. GV v Chief Appeals Officer and Others. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the European Union – Articles 21 and 45 TFEU – Right of Union citizens to move and reside freely in the territory of the Member States – Worker having acquired the nationality of the host Member State while retaining his or her nationality of origin – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 3 – Beneficiaries – Article 2(2)(d) – Family member – Dependent direct relatives in the ascending line of a worker who is a Union citizen – Article 7(1)(a) and (d) – Right of residence for more than three months – Retention of the status of dependant in the host Member State – Article 14(2) – Retention of the right of residence – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Social assistance benefits – Unreasonable burden on the social assistance system of the host Member State. Case C-488/21. A14P2 A07P1LD A07P1LA A02P2LD Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 25 February 2016. Vestische Arbeit Jobcenter Kreis Recklinghausen v Jovanna García-Nieto and Others. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landessozialgericht Nordrhein-Westfalen. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement of persons — Citizenship of the Union — Equal treatment — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 24(2) — Social Assistance — Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 — Articles 4 and 70 — Special non-contributory cash benefits — Exclusion of nationals of a Member State during the first three months of residence in the host Member State. Case C-299/14. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber), 22 May 2012. P.I. v Oberbürgermeisterin der Stadt Remscheid. Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Oberverwaltungsgericht für das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen. Freedom of movement for persons — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 28(3)(a) — Expulsion decision — Criminal conviction — Imperative grounds of public security. Case C‑348/09. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 17 April 2018. B v Land Baden-Württemberg and Secretary of State for the Home Department v Franco Vomero. Requests for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof Baden-Württemberg and the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. References for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the European Union — Right to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 28(3)(a) — Enhanced protection against expulsion — Conditions — Right of permanent residence — Residence in the host Member State for the 10 years preceding the decision to expel the person concerned from that Member State — Period of imprisonment — Consequences as regards the continuity of the 10-year period of residence — Connection with the overall assessment of an integrative link — Time at which that assessment must be carried out and criteria to be taken into account in that assessment. Joined Cases C-316/16 and C-424/16. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 17 December 2020. G. M. A. v État belge. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d'État. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Freedom of movement for persons – Article 45 TFEU – Citizenship of the Union – Directive 2004/38/EC – Right of residence for more than three months – Article 14(4)(b) – Jobseekers – Reasonable period of time to acquaint themselves with potentially suitable employment opportunities and take the necessary steps to obtain employment – Requirements imposed by the host Member State on the jobseeker during that period – Conditions governing the right of residence – Obligation to continue seeking employment and to have a genuine chance of being engaged. Case C-710/19. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 6 October 2020. Jobcenter Krefeld - Widerspruchsstelle v JD. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landessozialgericht Nordrhein-Westfalen. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Free movement of persons – Workers – Regulation (EU) No 492/2011 – Article 7(2) – Equal treatment – Social advantages – Article 10 – Children attending school – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 24 – Social assistance – Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 – Article 4 – Article 70 – Special non-contributory cash benefits – Migrant worker with dependent children attending school in the host Member State. Case C-181/19. Case C-162/09: Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 7 October 2010 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) (Civil Division) (United Kingdom)) — Secretary of State for Work and Pensions v Taous Lassal (Reference for preliminary ruling — Freedom of movement for persons — Directive 2004/38/EC — Article 16 — Right of permanent residence — Temporal application — Periods completed before the date of transposition) {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 16.1 {AR|http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/fd_370/AR} 16.4 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 5 May 2011. Shirley McCarthy v Secretary of State for the Home Department. Reference for a preliminary ruling from null. Freedom of movement for persons – Article 21 TFEU – Directive 2004/38/EC – ‘Beneficiary’ – Article 3(1) – National who has never made use of his right of free movement and has always resided in the Member State of his nationality – Effect of being a national of another Member State – Purely internal situation. Case C-434/09. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 13 September 2016. Alfredo Rendón Marín v Administración del Estado. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Citizenship of the Union — Articles 20 and 21 TFEU — Directive 2004/38/EC — Right of a third-country national with a criminal record to reside in a Member State — Parent having sole care of two minor children, who are Union citizens — First child possessing the nationality of the Member State of residence — Second child possessing the nationality of another Member State — National legislation precluding grant of a residence permit to the father because of his criminal record — Refusal of residence capable of resulting in the children being obliged to leave the territory of the European Union. Case C-165/14. Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 4 June 2009. Athanasios Vatsouras (C-22/08) and Josif Koupatantze (C-23/08) v Arbeitsgemeinschaft (ARGE) Nürnberg 900. References for a preliminary ruling: Sozialgericht Nürnberg - Germany. European citizenship - Free movement of persons - Articles 12 EC and 39 EC - Directive 2004/38/EC - Article 24(2) - Assessment of validity - Nationals of a Member State - Professional activity in another Member State - Level of remuneration and duration of the activity - Retention of the status of ‘worker’ - Right to receive benefits in favour of job-seekers. Joined cases C-22/08 and C-23/08. Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 2 September 2021. X v État belge. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil du Contentieux des Étrangers. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 13(2) – Right of residence of family members of a Union citizen – Marriage between a Union citizen and a third-country national – Retention, in the event of divorce, of the right of residence by a third-country national who is the victim of acts of domestic violence committed by his or her spouse – Requirement to demonstrate the existence of sufficient resources – No such requirement in Directive 2003/86/EC – Validity – Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Articles 20 and 21 – Equal treatment – Difference in treatment based on whether the sponsor is a Union citizen or a third-country national – Non-comparability of situations. Case C-930/19. Case C-488/21: Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal (Ireland) made on 10 August 2021 — GV v Chief Appeals Officer, Social Welfare Appeals Office, Minister for Employment Affairs and Social Protection, Ireland, Attorney General Case C-181/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Landessozialgericht Nordrhein-Westfalen (Germany) lodged on 25 February 2019 — JD v Jobcenter Krefeld — Widerspruchsstelle Case C-168/20: Reference for a preliminary ruling from the High Court of Justice Business and Property Courts of England and Wales (United Kingdom) made on 22 April 2020 — Joint Trustee (1) in Bankruptcy of Mr M. and Joint Trustee (2) in Bankruptcy of Mr M. v Mrs M, MH, ILA and Mr M Case C-394/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal du travail francophone de Bruxelles (Belgium) lodged on 21 May 2019 — PN, QO, RP, SQ, TR v Centre public d’action sociale d’Anderlecht (CPAS) Case C-230/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Østre Landsret (Denmark) lodged on 2 May 2017 — Érdem Deha Altiner, Isabel Hanna Ravn v Udlændingestyrelsen (Danish Immigration Service) Case C-535/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Augstākā tiesa (Latvia) lodged on 12 July 2019 — A v Latvijas Republikas Veselības ministrija article 24 article 7 paragraph 1 point (b) Case C-128/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Nederlandstalige rechtbank van eerste aanleg Brussel (Belgium) lodged on 23 February 2022 — NORDIC INFO v Belgische Staat article 27 article 2 article 4 article 29 article 5 Case C-718/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour constitutionnelle (Belgium) lodged on 27 September 2019 — Ordre des barreaux francophones et germanophone, Association pour le droit des Étrangers ASBL, Coordination et Initiatives pour et avec les Réfugiés and Étrangers ASBL, Ligue des Droits de l’Homme ASBL, Vluchtelingenwerk Vlaanderen ASBL v Conseil des ministres Case C-246/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d’État (Belgium) lodged on 10 May 2017 — Ibrahima Diallo v État belge article 10 article 31 article 5 Case C-316/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof Baden-Württemberg (Germany) lodged on 3 June 2016 — B v Land Baden-Württemberg article 28 paragraph 3 point (a) Case C-483/17: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Court of Appeal (Ireland) made on 9 August 2017 — Neculai Tarola v Minister for Social Protection article 7 paragraph 1 point (a) article 7 paragraph 3 point (c) Case C-713/23, Wojewoda Mazowiecki: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny (Poland) lodged on 23 November 2023 — JC-T, MT v Wojewoda Mazowiecki Case C-248/22: Reference for a preliminary ruling from High Court (Ireland) made on 8 April 2022 — Z.K. and M.S. v The Minister for Justice and Equality Case C-930/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil du Contentieux des Étrangers (Belgium) lodged on 20 December 2019 — X v Belgian State Case C-169/18: Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal (Ireland) made on 2 March 2018 — Atif Mahmood, Shabina Atif, Mohammed Ahsan, Noor Habib, Mohammed Haroon, Nik Bibi Haroon v Minister for Justice and Equality article 27 article 35 article 5 paragraph 2 Case C-343/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Nederlandstalige rechtbank van eerste aanleg Brussel (Belgium) lodged on 8 June 2017 — Fremoluc NV v Agentschap voor Grond- en Woonbeleid voor Vlaams-Brabant (Vlabinvest ABP) and Others, Intervener: Vlaams Gewest Case C-624/20: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Rechtbank Den Haag, zittingsplaats Amsterdam (Netherlands) lodged on 24 November 2020 — E.K. v Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid Case C-193/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco (Spain) lodged on 7 April 2016 — E v Subdelegación del Gobierno en Álava article 27 paragraph 2 article 27 paragraph 1 Case C-62/23, Pedro Francisco: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Juzgado Contencioso-Administrativo n.° 5 de Barcelona (Spain) lodged on 6 February 2023 — Pedro Francisco v Subdelegación del Gobierno en Barcelona Case C-206/21: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Administratif de Dijon (France) lodged on 31 March 2021 — Mr X v Préfet de Saône-et-Loire article 8 paragraph 4 article 7 paragraph 1 point (b) Case C-442/16: Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal (Ireland) made on 8 August 2016 — Florea Gusa v Minister for Social Protection, Attorney General article 7 paragraph 3 point (b) article 7 paragraph 1 point (a) Case C-411/20: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Finanzgericht Bremen (Germany) lodged on 2 September 2020 — S v Familienkasse Niedersachsen-Bremen der Bundesagentur für Arbeit Case C-323/23, Pensionsversicherungsanstalt: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberster Gerichtshof (Austria) lodged on 25 May 2023 — DS v Pensionsversicherungsanstalt article 7 paragraph 1 point (d) article 7 paragraph 1 point (a) article 7 paragraph 1 point (b) article 7 article 7 paragraph 1 point (c) article 2 point 2 point (a) Case C-331/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Rechtbank Den Haag, sitting in Middelburg (Netherlands) lodged on 13 June 2016 — K. v Staatssecretaris van Veiligheid en Justitie article 28 paragraph 1 article 27 paragraph 2 article 28 paragraph 3 point (a) Case C-43/24, Shipov: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Varhoven kasatsionen sad (Bulgaria) lodged on 23 January 2024 – K.M.H. v Obshtina Stara Zagora Case C-607/21: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d’État (Belgium) lodged on 30 September 2021 — XXX v État belge article 2 point 2 point (d) Case C-184/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Dioikitiko Protodikeio Thessalonikis (Greece) lodged on 1 April 2016 — Ovidiu-Mihaita Petrea v Ypourgos Esoterikon kai Dioikitikis Anasygrotisis (Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reconstruction) article 30 article 28 article 32 article 31 article 27 Case C-22/21: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Supreme Court (Ireland) made on 14 January 2021 — SRS, AA v Minister for Justice and Equality Case C-710/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d’État (Belgium) lodged on 25 September 2019 — G.M.A. v Belgian State Case C-165/16: Reference for a preliminary ruling from High Court of Justice (England & Wales), Queen's Bench Division (Administrative Court) (United Kingdom) made on 21 March 2016 — Toufik Lounes v Secretary of State for the Home Department article 16 article 3 paragraph 1 article 7 Case C-560/24, Besthame: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Court of Appeal (Ireland) made on 19 August 2024 – R.S. v Minister for Justice Case C-247/20: Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Appeals Service Northern Ireland (United Kingdom) made on 7 April 2020 — VI v Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs Case C-637/21: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State (Netherlands) lodged on 18 October 2021 — K.R.; Other party: Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid Case C-115/15: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Court of Appeal (England & Wales) (Civil Division) (United Kingdom) made on 6 March 2015 — Secretary of State for the Home Department v NA Case C-424/16: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Supreme Court of the United Kingdom (United Kingdom) made on 1 August 2016 — Secretary of State for the Home Department v Franco Vomero article 28 paragraph 3 point (a) article 28 paragraph 2 article 16 Case C-673/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Curtea Constituțională a României (Romania) lodged on 30 December 2016 — Relu Adrian Coman, Robert Clabourn Hamilton, Asociația Accept v Inspectoratul General pentru Imigrări, Ministerul Afacerilor Interne, Consiliul Național pentru Combaterea Discriminării article 3 paragraph 2 point (a) article 3 paragraph 1 article 2 paragraph 2 point (a) article 7 paragraph 2 article 3 paragraph 2 article 3 paragraph 2 point (b) article 7 paragraph 1 Case C-82/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad voor Vreemdelingenbetwistingen (Belgium) lodged on 12 February 2016 — K. and Others v Belgische Staat Case C-94/18: Reference for a preliminary ruling from High Court (Ireland) made on 12 February 2018 — Nalini Chenchooliah v Minister for Justice and Equality article 27 article 6 article 7 article 14 article 28 article 15 Case C-93/18: Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland (United Kingdom) made on 9 February 2018 — Ermira Bajratari v Secretary of State for the Home Department article 7 paragraph 1 point (b) Case C-491/21: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Înalta Curte de Casație și Justiție (Romania) lodged on 10 August 2021 — WA v Direcția pentru Evidența Persoanelor și Administrarea Bazelor de Date din Ministerul Afacerilor Interne article 6 article 5 article 4 Case C-129/18: Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom (United Kingdom) made on 19 February 2018 — SM v Entry Clearance Officer, UK Visa Section article 2 point 2 point (c) article 27 article 35 Case C-366/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad voor Vreemdelingenbetwistingen (Belgium) lodged on 5 July 2016 — H. F. v Belgische Staat Case C-477/24, Deldwyn: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Court of Appeal (Ireland) made on 9 July 2024 – Minister for Justice v I.T. article 7 paragraph 3 point (b) article 13 article 14 article 7 paragraph 3 Case C-719/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Raad van State (Netherlands) lodged on 30 September 2019 – FS v Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid article 15 paragraph 1 article 6 paragraph 1 Case C-35/20: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Korkein oikeus (Finland) lodged on 24 January 2020 — Syyttäjä v A article 4 paragraph 1 article 5 paragraph 1 article 27 paragraph 2 Case C-618/16: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Upper Tribunal (United Kingdom) made on 29 November 2016 — Rafal Prefeta v Secretary of State for Work and Pensions Case C-89/17: Reference for a preliminary ruling from Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) London (United Kingdom) made on 20 February 2017 — Secretary of State for the Home Department v Rozanne Banger Case C-802/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil supérieur de la Sécurité sociale (Luxembourg) lodged on 19 December 2018 — Caisse pour l’avenir des enfants v FV, GW Case C-801/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil supérieur de la Sécurité sociale (Luxembourg) lodged on 19 December 2018 — EU v Caisse pour l’avenir des enfants Case C-454/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Amtsgericht Heilbronn (Germany) lodged on 14 June 2019 — Criminal proceedings against ZW Legal basis Treaty establishing the European Community (Nice consolidated version) Part Two: Citizenship of the Union Article 18 Article 8a - EC Treaty (Maastricht consolidated version) Treaty establishing the European Community (Nice consolidated version) Part Five: Institutions of the Community Title I: Provisions governing the institutions Chapter 2: Provisions common to several institutions Article 251 Article 189b - EC Treaty (Maastricht consolidated version) Treaty establishing the European Community (Nice consolidated version) Part Three: Community policies Title III: Free movement of persons, services and capital Chapter 2: Right of establishment Article 44 Article 54 - EC Treaty (Maastricht consolidated version) Article 54 - EEC Treaty Treaty establishing the European Community (Nice consolidated version) Part Three: Community policies Title III: Free movement of persons, services and capital Chapter 1: Workers Article 40 Article 49 - EC Treaty (Maastricht consolidated version) Article 49 - EEC Treaty Treaty establishing the European Community (Nice consolidated version) Part One: Principles Article 12 Article 6 - EC Treaty (Maastricht consolidated version) Article 7 - EEC Treaty Treaty establishing the European Community (Nice consolidated version) Part Three: Community policies Title III: Free movement of persons, services and capital Chapter 3: Services Article 52 Article 63 - EC Treaty (Maastricht consolidated version) Article 63 - EEC Treaty EuroVoc Vocabulary Foreign national Residence permit Freedom of movement Freedom of movement for workers Family Freedom of establishment Freedom of movement of people Free movement of persons EU visa policy European citizenship Free movement of workers Free movement of persons