Directive 2009/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity and repealing Directive 2003/54/EC (Text with EEA relevance) Basic information Dates Date of document: Date of publication: Date of effect: September 3, 2009 Entry into force - Date pub. + 20 See Art 50 March 3, 2011 Partial application - See Art 48 Date of transposition: Date of end of validity: Modified by Repealed by: Modifies Repeal: Affected by case Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 12 December 2019. Slovenské elektrárne a.s. v Úrad pre vybrané hospodárske subjekty, formerly Daňový úrad pre vybrané daňové subjekty. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Najvyšší súd Slovenskej republiky. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Admissibility — Common rules for the internal market in electricity — Directive 2009/72/EC — Scope — Article 3 — Objectives — Principle of non-discrimination — Special levy on the revenue of entities that are holders of an authorisation to carry on activity in regulated sectors — Electricity sector. Case C-376/18. undefined Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 8 October 2020. Crown Van Gelder BV v Autoriteit Consument en Markt. Request for a preliminary ruling from the College van Beroep voor het bedrijfsleven. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market for electricity – Directive 2009/72/EC – Article 37 – Duties and powers of the regulatory authority – Out-of-court dispute settlement – Concept of ‘party having a complaint’ – Complaint submitted by a final customer against the operator of a transmission system to which that customer’s installation is not directly connected – Failure on the grid – No contractual relationship between that customer and the operator of that grid – Admissibility of the complaint. Case C-360/19. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 2 March 2023. Bursa Română de Mărfuri SA v Autoritatea Naţională de Reglementare în domeniul Energiei i (ANRE). Request for a preliminary ruling from the Curtea de Apel Bucureşti. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market for electricity – Directive 2009/72/EC – Regulation (EU) 2019/943 – Article 1(b) and (c) and Article 3 – Principles regarding the operation of electricity markets – Regulation (EU) 2015/1222 – Article 5(1) – Nominated electricity market operator – National legal monopoly for day-ahead and intraday trading services – National legislation providing for a monopoly for short-, medium- and long-term wholesale trading of electricity. Case C-394/21. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 23 January 2020. Proceedings brought by Energiavirasto. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Korkein hallinto-oikeus. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Internal market in electricity — Directive 2009/72/EC — Article 3 — Consumer protection — Article 37 — Tasks and powers of the regulatory authority — Out-of-court dispute settlement — Concept of ‘party’ — Right to appeal against a decision of the regulatory authority — Complaint made by a household customer against an electricity distribution system operator. Case C-578/18. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 11 January 2024. G sp. z o.o. v W S.A. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market in electricity – Directive 2009/72/EC – Article 3(5) and (7) – Consumer protection – Right to switch supplier – Non-household customer – Fixed-term, fixed-price electricity supply contract concluded with a small undertaking – Contractual penalty for early termination – National legislation limiting the amount of that penalty to the ‘costs and damages resulting from the contract’. Case C-371/22. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 17 October 2019. „Elektrorazpredelenie Yug“ EAD v Komisia za energiyno i vodno regulirane (KEVR). Request for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 2009/72/EC — Internal market in electricity — Article 2(3) to (6) — Concepts of electricity transmission system and electricity distribution system — Distinguishing criteria — Voltage — Ownership of installations — Article 17(1)(a) — Independent transmission operator — Articles 24 and 26 — Distribution system operator — Article 32(1) — Free third-party access — Access to medium-voltage electricity — Interconnection points between transmission and distribution systems — Discretion of the Member States. Case C-31/18. A02PT5 A02PT4 A32P1 A17P1LA A02PT6 A02PT3 Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 30 March 2023. Green Network SpA v SF and Others. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Consiglio di Stato. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market in electricity – Directive 2009/72/EC – Article 37 – Annex I – Duties and powers of the national regulatory authority – Consumer protection – Administrative management costs – Power of the national regulatory authority to order the repayment of sums paid by final customers pursuant to contractual terms that have been penalised by that authority. Case C-5/22. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 26 October 2017. Balgarska energiyna borsa AD (BEB) v Komisia za energiyno i vodno regulirane (KEVR). Request for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Articles 101 and 102 TFEU — Directive 2009/72/EC — Articles 9, 10, 13 and 14 — Regulation (EC) No 714/2009 — Article 3 — Regulation (EU) No 1227/2011 — Article 2(3) — Regulation (EU) 2015/1222 — Article 1(3) — Certification and designation of an independent transmission system operator — Limitation of the number of holders of electricity transmission licences in national territory. Case C-347/16. Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 28 November 2018. Solvay Chimica Italia SpA and Others v Autorità per l'energia elettrica, il gas e il sistema idrico. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Internal market in electricity — Directive 2009/72/EC — Distribution systems — Article 28 — Closed distribution systems — Concept — Exemptions — Limits — Article 32(1) — Third-party access — Article 15(7) and Article 37(6)(b) — Dispatching charges. Joined Cases C-262/17, C-263/17 and C-273/17. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 7 November 2019. Asociación Española de la Industria Eléctrica (UNESA) and Others v Administración General del Estado and Others. Requests for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Polluter-pays principle — Common rules for the internal market in electricity — Directive 2009/72/EC — Article 3(1) and (2) — Principle of non-discrimination — Financing the tariff deficit — Taxes applying only to undertakings which use nuclear energy to produce electricity. Joined Cases C-80/18 to C-83/18. Judgment of the Court (Tenth Chamber) of 3 March 2021. Promociones Oliva Park SL v Tribunal Económico Administrativo Regional (TEAR) de la Comunidad Valenciana. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Comunidad Valenciana. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Directive 2008/118/EC – General arrangements for excise duty – Article 1(2) – Other indirect taxes on excise goods – Directive 2009/28/EC – Promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources – Article 1 and Article 3(1), (2) and (3)(a), the latter paragraph read in conjunction with Article 2(k) – Directive 2009/72/EC – Common rules for the internal market in electricity – Tax on the value of electricity production – Nature and structure of the tax – Electricity from renewable sources and electricity from non-renewable sources taxed in the same way. Case C-220/19. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 19 December 2019. Engie Cartagena S.L. v Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Audiencia Nacional. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Internal market in electricity — Common rules — Directive 2003/54/EC — Article 3(2) — Directive 2009/72/EC — Article 3(2) — Public service obligations — Meaning — National rules — Financing of energy efficiency plans — Designation of electricity generating undertakings — Mandatory contribution. Case C-523/18. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 11 June 2020. Proceedings brought by Prezident Slovenskej republiky. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Ústavný súd Slovenskej republiky. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market for electricity – Directive 2009/72/EC – Article 35(4) and (5) – Independence of the regulatory authorities – National legislation transferring the power to appoint the chairperson of the national regulatory authority from the Head of State to the government – Participation of national ministries in the tariff regulation procedures. Case C-378/19. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 14 October 2021. Viesgo Infraestructuras Energéticas SL v Administración General del Estado and Others. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Common rules for the internal market in electricity – Directive 2009/72/EC – Article 3(2) and (6) – Imposition of public service obligations – Financing of a regulated discount for the purpose of the protection of vulnerable consumers – Requirements of transparency and non-discrimination. Case C-683/19. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 7 November 2019. Asociación Española de la Industria Eléctrica (UNESA) and Others v Administración General del Estado. Requests for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo. Reference for a preliminary ruling — Polluter pays principle — Directive 2000/60/EC — Article 9(1) — Recovery of the costs of water services — Common rules for the internal market in electricity — Directive 2009/72/EC — Article 3(1) — Principle of non-discrimination — Article 107(1) TFEU — State aid — Tax on the use of inland waters for the production of electricity — Tax imposed only on hydroelectricity producers operating on inter-communities river basins. Joined Cases C-105/18 to C-113/18. Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 27 January 2022. Fondul Proprietatea SA v Guvernul României and Others. Request for a preliminary ruling from the Curtea de Apel Bucureşti. Reference for a preliminary ruling – Internal market in electricity – Directive 2009/72/EC – Article 15(4) – Priority of dispatching – Security of supply – Article 32(1) – Free third-party access – Guaranteed access to the transmission systems – Directive 2009/28/EC – Article 16(2) – Guaranteed access – Article 107(1) TFEU – Article 108(3) TFEU – State aid. Case C-179/20. Case C-105/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Asociación Española de la Industria Eléctrica (UNESA) v Administración General del Estado Case C-347/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad (Bulgaria) lodged on 21 June 2016 — Balgarska energiyna borsa AD (BEB) v Komisia za energiyno i vodno regulirane (KEVR) article 9 paragraph 1 point (c) article 9 paragraph 1 point (b) PT (i) article 9 paragraph 1 point (b) PT (ii) CONSID 12 article 9 paragraph 1 point (d) Case C-376/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Najvyšší súd Slovenskej republiky (Slovakia) lodged on 7 June 2018 — Slovenské elektrárne a.s. v Daňový úrad pre vybrané daňové subjekty Case C-378/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Ústavný súd Slovenskej republiky (Slovakia) lodged on 14 May 2019 — Prezident Slovenskej republiky article 35 paragraph 5 article 35 paragraph 4 recital 34 recital 33 Case C-523/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Audiencia Nacional (Spain) lodged on 8 August 2018 — Engie Cartagena, S.L. v Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica (formerly, Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo) Case C-220/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) lodged on 11 March 2019 — Promociones Oliva Park, S.L. v Tribunal Económico Administrativo Regional (TEAR) de la Comunidad Valenciana article 33 article 32 article 34 Case C-417/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per il Lazio (Italy) lodged on 10 July 2017 — Hera Comm Srl v Autorita Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato, Autorità per l'Energia Elettrica il Gas e il Sistema Idrico Case C-408/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per il Lazio (Italy) lodged on 6 July 2017 — Enel Energia SpA v Autorità Garante della Concorrenza ed del Mercato and Others Case C-22/16: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunalul București (Romania) lodged on 15 January 2016 — Fondul Proprietatea SA v SC Hidroelectrica SA Case C-407/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per il Lazio (Italy) lodged on 6 July 2017 — Green Network SpA v Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato and Others Case C-406/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per il Lazio (Italy) lodged on 6 July 2017 — Acea Energia SpA v Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato and Others Case C-410/23, Pielatak: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie (Poland) lodged on 3 July 2023 – I. SA v S.J. annex I point 1 point (e) article 3 paragraph 5 recital 51 article 3 paragraph 7 annex I point 1 point (a) Case C-454/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Förvaltningsrätten i Linköping (Sweden) lodged on 12 July 2018 — Baltic Cable AB v Energimarknadsinspektionen Case C-106/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Energía de Galicia (Engasa), S.A. v Administración General del Estado Case C-360/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the College van Beroep voor het bedrijfsleven (Netherlands) lodged on 3 May 2019 — Crown Van Gelder B.V. v Autoriteit Consument en Markt Case C-273/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per la Lombardia (Italy) lodged on 10 May 2017 — Sol Gas Primari Srl v Autorità per l’energia elettrica e per il gas e il sistema idrico article 3 paragraph 6 CONSID 30 article 28 article 37 paragraph 6 point (b) article 3 paragraph 5 article 15 paragraph 7 article 26 paragraph 4 CONSID 29 Case C-111/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Endesa Generación, S.A. v Administración General del Estado Case C-110/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — José Manuel Burgos Pérez and María del Amor Guinea Bueno v Administración General del Estado Case C-263/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per la Lombardia (Italy) lodged on 10 May 2017 — Whirlpool Europe Srl and Others v Autorità per l’energia elettrica e per il gas e il sistema idrico article 15 paragraph 7 CONSID 29 article 3 paragraph 6 article 28 article 3 paragraph 5 article 37 paragraph 6 point (b) article 26 paragraph 4 CONSID 30 Case C-262/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunale Amministrativo Regionale per la Lombardia (Italy) lodged on 10 May 2017 — Solvay Chimica Italia SpA and Others v Autorità per l’energia elettrica e per il gas e il sistema idrico article 26 paragraph 4 article 3 paragraph 5 CONSID 29 CONSID 30 article 3 paragraph 6 article 37 paragraph 6 point (b) article 15 paragraph 7 article 28 Case C-113/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Parc del Segre, S.A. and Others v Administración General del Estado Case C-112/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Asociación de Productores de Energías Renovables (APPA) v Administración General del Estado Case C-109/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Associació de Productors i Usuaris d’Energia Elèctrica v Administración General del Estado Case C-108/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Corporación Acciona Hidráulica (Acciona), S.L.U. v Administración General del Estado Case C-31/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad (Bulgaria) lodged on 17 January — Elektrorazpredelenie Yug EAD v Komisia za energiyno i vodno regulirane article 2 point 5 article 2 point 3 Case C-238/17: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Vilniaus miesto apylinkės teismas (Lithuania) lodged on 9 May 2017 — ‘Renerga’ UAB v ‘Energijos skirstymo operatorius’ AB, ‘Lietuvos energijos gamyba’ AB article 3 paragraph 15 article 3 paragraph 2 article 36 paragraph (f) article 3 paragraph 6 Case C-107/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 13 February 2018 — Duerocanto, S.L. v Administración General del Estado Case C-578/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Korkein hallinto-oikeus (Finland) lodged on 14 September 2018 — Energiavirasto article 37 article 37 paragraph 17 Case C-371/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Sąd Okręgowy w Warszawie (Poland) lodged on 8 June 2022 — G sp. z o.o. v W S.A. article 3 paragraph 7 article 3 paragraph 5 Case C-5/22: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Consiglio di Stato (Italy) lodged on 3 January 2022 — Green Network SpA v SF, YB, Autorità di Regolazione per Energia Reti e Ambiente (ARERA) article 37 paragraph 1 annex I article 37 paragraph 4 Case C-683/19: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 16 September 2019 – Viesgo Infraestructuras Energéticas, S.L. v Administración del Estado and Others Case C-80/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 6 February 2018 — Asociación Española de la Industria Eléctrica (UNESA) v Administración General del Estado, Iberdrola Generación Nuclear, S.A.U. article 3 paragraph 2 article 3 paragraph 1 Case C-83/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 7 February 2018 — Iberdrola Generación Nuclear, S.A.U. v Administración General del Estado article 3 paragraph 2 article 3 paragraph 1 Case C-179/20: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Curtea de Apel București (Romania) lodged on 7 April 2020 — Fondul Proprietatea SA v Guvernul României, SC Complexul Energetic Hunedoara SA, in liquidation, Compania Națională de Transport al Energiei Electrice ‘Transelectrica’ SA, SC Complexul Energetic Oltenia SA Case C-81/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 6 February 2018 — Endesa Generación, S.A. v Administración General del Estado article 3 paragraph 1 article 3 paragraph 2 Case C-82/18: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Tribunal Supremo (Spain) lodged on 6 February 2018 — Endesa Generación, S.A. v Administración General del Estado, Iberdrola Generación Nuclear, S.A.U. article 3 paragraph 2 article 3 paragraph 1 Legal basis Treaty establishing the European Community (consolidated version) Part Three - Community policies TITLE VI - Common rules on competition, taxation and approximation of laws Chapter 3 - Approximation of laws Article 95 Treaty establishing the European Community (consolidated version) Part Three - Community policies TITLE III - Free movement of persons, services and capital Chapter 3 - Ser vices Article 55 Treaty establishing the European Community (consolidated version) Part Five - Institutions of the Community TITLE I - Provisions governing the institutions Chapter 2 - Provisions common to several institutions Article 251 Treaty establishing the European Community (consolidated version) Part Three - Community policies TITLE III - Free movement of persons, services and capital Chapter 2 - Right of establishment Article 47 EuroVoc Vocabulary Energy grid Competition Free movement of goods Annex 4 Provisions of Union law referred to in Article 9 Liberalisation of the market Energy Other sectors for approximation of laws Electrical industry Domestic market Electricity Energy industry Market access Approximation of laws Internal market - Principles