Article 1 This Directive defines the Community control measures to be applied in the event of outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease, whatever the type of virus concerned.

Article 2 For the purposes of this Directive, the definitions given in Article 2 of Directive 64/432/EECOJ No 121, 29. 7. 1964, p. 1977/64. shall apply as appropriate. The following definitions shall also apply: (a)"animal of a susceptible species" means any domestic or wild ruminant or swine present on a holding; (b)"receptive animal" means any animal of a susceptible species which is not vaccinated, or which is vaccinated but whose immunization cover is considered to be inadequate by the competent authority; (c)"infected animal" means any animal of a susceptible species: in which clinical symptoms or post-mortem lesions which may arise from foot-and-mouth disease have been ascertained,or in which the presence of foot-and-mouth disease has been officially ascertained following a laboratory examination; (d)"animal suspected of being infected" means any animal of a susceptible species showing clinical symptoms or post-mortem lesions which are such that the presence of foot-and-mouth disease may reeasonably be suspected; (e)"animal suspected of being contaminated" means any animal of a suspectible species which may — according to the epizootiological information collected — have been directly or indirectly exposed to the foot-and-mouth virus.

Article 3 Member States shall ensure that the presence, or suspected presence, of foot-and-mouth disease is compulsorily and immediately notifiable to the competent authority, in accordance with Directive 82/894/EECOJ No L 378, 31. 12. 1982, p. 58..

Article 4 1. Member States shall ensure that, where a holding contains one or more animals suspected of being infected or of being contaminated with foot-and-mouth disease, official means of investigation to confirm or rule out the presence of the disease are set in motion immediately and, in particular, that the official veterinarian takes the necessary samples, or has them taken, for laboratory examination. As soon as the suspected infection is notified, the competent authority shall have the holding placed under official surveillance and shall in particular order that: a census be made of all categories of animals of susceptible species and that, in respect of each of these categories, the number of animals already dead, infected or liable to be infected or contaminated be recorded; the census must be kept up to date to take account of animals born or dying during the period of suspicion; the information in the census must be produced on request and may be checked at each visit; all animals of susceptible species on the holding be kept in their living quarters or some other place where they can be isolated; no animals of susceptible species enter or leave the holding; no animals of other species enter or leave the holding without the authorization of the competent authority; all movement from the holding of meat or carcases of animals of susceptible species or of animal feed, utensils, objects or other substance, such as wool or waste or rejected matter, liable to transmit foot-and-mouth disease be prohibited, unless authorized by the competent authority; the movement of milk from the holding be prohibited; in the event of difficulties in storing the milk on the holding, the competent authority may authorize the milk to be moved from the holding under veterinary supervision to a treatment establishment in order that it may be given heat treatment ensuring the destruction of the foot-and-mouth virus; the movement of persons to or from the holding be made subject to authorization by the competent authority; the entry or exit of vehicles to or from the holding be made subject to authorization by the competent authority which shall lay down the conditions necessary in order to avoid propagation of the foot-and-mouth virus; appropriate means of disinfection be used at the entrances and exits of buildings housing animals of susceptible species and of the holding itself; an epizootiological inquiry be carried out in accordance with Articles 7 and 8. 2. The competent authority may extend the measures provided for in paragraph 1 to adjoining holdings should their location, their configuration, or contacts with animals from the holding where the disease is suspected give reason to suspect possible contamination. 3. The measures referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not be withdrawn until the suspicion of foot-and-mouth disease has been officially ruled out.

Article 5 As soon as it has been confirmed that one or more of the animals defined in Article 2 (c) are on a holding, the competent authority shall introduce the following measures: 1)the official veterinarian takes adequate samples or has them taken for examination by the laboratory referred to in Annex I, where these samples and examinations have not been taken or carried out during the period of suspicion in accordance with the first subparagraph of Article 4 (1); 2)in addition to the measures listed in Article 4 (1), the following measures are taken without delay: (a) in Member States or regions where vaccination is prohibited: all animals of susceptible species on the holding shall be slaughtered on the spot under official supervision in such a way as to avoid all risk of spreading the foot-and-mouth virus; after being slaughtered, the aforementioned animals shall be destroyed under official supervision in such a way that there is no risk of spreading the foot-and-mouth virus; meat of animals of susceptible species coming from the holding and slaughtered during the period between the probable introduction of the disease to the holding and the implementation of official measures shall, wherever possible, be traced and destroyed under official supervision in such a way as to avoid any risk of spreading the foot-and-mouth virus; the carcases of animals of susceptible species which have died on the holding shall be destroyed under official supervision in such a way as to avoid any risk of spreading the foot-and-mouth virus; any substance referred to in Article 4 (1), seond subparagraph, fifth indent shall be destroyed or treated in such a way as to ensure the destruction of any foot-and-mouth virus present; all treatment must be carried out in accordance with the instructions of the official veterinarian; milk and milk products shall be destroyed in such a way as to avoid any risk of spreading the foot-and-mouth virus; after elimination of the animals of susceptible species and of the substances referred to in Article 4 (1), second subparagraph, fifth indent, the buildings used for housing, their surroundings and the vehicles used for their transport and all equipment likely to be contaminated shall be cleaned and disinfected in accordance with Article 10; no animals of susceptible species shall be reintroduced to the holding until at least 21 days after completion of the cleaning and disinfection operations carried out in accordance with Article 10; an epizootiological inquiry shall be carried out in accordance with Articles 7 and 8; (b)in the Member States or regions where a vaccination policy is organized in compliance with the provisions of Article 14: (i) all animals of susceptible species on the holding shall be slaughtered and destroyed under official supervision. When the animals are slaughtered and destroyed, Member States shall take the measures necessary to avoid any risk of the foot-and-mouth virus persisting and being spread and any harmful consequence for the environment; in particular when slaughtering is not carried out on the spot, the animals shall be transported in specially equipped vehicles to avoid any risk of spreading the foot-and-mouth virus; when the type, sub-type or variant of the foot-and-mouth virus has been identified or when the epidemiological information and data make it possible to ascertain that the vaccines used provide immunization cover valid for the type of virus in question, Member States may: restrict the slaughtering and destruction to receptive animals; authorize meat and milk from animals not infected or not suspected of being infected to be given appropriate heat treatment under veterinary supervision; (ii)the measures provided for in (i) shall be accompanied by vaccination or re-vaccination of the remaining animals in accordance with Article 13 (1); (iii)the measures provided for under the third, fourth and fifth indents of (a) shall apply by analogy as well as, except in the case of the heat treatment referred to in (i), the measures provided for in the sixth indent of (a). 3)the provisions of paragraph 1 need not apply in the case of appearance of a secondary source which is linked epidemiologically with a primary source for which samples have already been taken; 4.the competent authority may extend the measures provided for in paragraph 1 to adjoining holdings should their location, their configuration, or contacts with animals from the holding where the disease has been recorded give reason to suspect possible contamination.

Article 6 1. In the case of holdings which consist of two or more separate production units, the competent authority may derogate from the requirements of Article 5 (2), first and second indents as regards healthy production units of a holding which is infected, provided that the official veterinarian has confirmed that the structure and size of these units and the operations carried out there are such that they are completely separate as regards housing, keeping and feeding, so that the virus cannot spread from one to another. The same measures and the possibility of derogating from the requirements of the sixth indent of Article 5 (2) (a) may be extended to holdings producing milk, provided that, in addition, milking in each unit is carried out quite separately. 2. When recourse is had to paragraph 1, Member States shall apply the measures specified in Commission Decision 88/397/EECOJ No L 189, 20. 7. 1988, p. 25.. 3. It may be decided, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16, that the measures laid down in paragraph 2 shall be amended in order to ensure the coordination thereof with those adopted by the Member States.

Article 7 The epizootiological inquiry shall deal with: the length of time during which the foot-and-mouth disease may have existed on the holding before being notified or suspected; the possible origin of the foot-and-mouth disease on the holding and the identification of other holdings on which there are anmals of susceptible species which may have become infected or contaminated from the same source; the movement of persons, vehicles and substances referred to in Article 4 (1), second subparagraph, fifth indent, likely to have carried the foot-and-mouth virus to or from the holdings in question.

Article 8 1. (a)Where the official veterinarian finds, or considers on the basis of confirmed data, that foot-and-mouth disease could have been introduced from other holdings on to the holding referred to in Article 4, or from the latter holding on to other holdings as a result of the movement of persons, animals or vehicles or in any other way, those other holdings shall be placed under official surveillance in accordance with Article 4 and this surveillance shall not be lifted until the suspected presence of foot-and-mouth disease on the holding referred to in Article 4 has been officially ruled out; (b)where the official veterinarian finds, or considers on the basis of confirmed data, that foot-and-mouth disease could have been introduced on to the holding referred to in Article 5 from other holdings as a result of the movement of persons, animals or vehicles or in any other way, those other holdings shall be placed under official surveillance in accordance with Article 4; (c)where the official veterinarian finds, or considers on the basis of confirmed data, that foot-and-mouth disease could have been introduced from the holding referred to in Article 5 on to other holdings as a result of the movement of persons, animals or vehicles or in any other way, those other holdings shall become subject to the provisions of Article 4. 2. When a holding holding has been subject to the provisions of paragraph 1, the competent authority shall prohibit removal of animals from the holding other than for transport directly to a slaughterhouse under official supervision for the purpose of emergency slaughter during a 15-day period in the case of holdings referred to in 1 (a) and (b) and a 21-day period in the case of holdings referred to in 1 (c) respectively. Prior to granting such authorization, the official veterinarian must have carried out an examination of the herd and confirmed that none of the animals is suspected of being infected. 3. Where it considers that conditions permit, the competent authority may limit the measures provided for in paragraph 1 (a) and (b) to a part of the holding and the animals contained therein, provided that the animals there have been housed, kept and fed completely separately.

Article 9 1. Member States shall ensure that, once the diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease has been officially confirmed, the competent authority establishes, around the infected holding, a protection zone based on a minimum radius of 3 km and a surveillance zone based on a minimum radius of 10 km. The definition of zones shall take account of natural boundaries, supervision facilities and technological progress which make it possible to foresee the possible dispersion of the virus by air or any other means and will have to be reviewed, if necessary, in the light of such elements. 2. (a)The following measures shall be applied in the protection zones: a census of all the holdings with animals of susceptible species must be carried out; holdings which are the subject of such a census must periodically undergo a veterinary inspection; the movement of animals of susceptible species on public or private roads, excluding the service roads of holdings, shall be prohibited; animals of susceptible species may not be removed during the first 15 days from the holding on which they are kept except to be transported directly under official supervision for the purpose of emergency slaughter to a slaughterhouse located in that zone or, if that zone has no slaughterhouse under veterinary supervision, to a slaughterhouse designated by the competent authority. Such movement may be authorized by the competent authority only after examination by the official veterinarian of all the animals of susceptible species on the holding has ruled out the presence of suspected animals; itinerant service for breeding shall be prohibited; artificial insemination shall be prohibited during the first 15 days except where it is carried out by the farmer with sperm that is on the farm or with sperm delivered directly by an insemination centre; fairs, markets, shows or other gatherings of susceptible animals, including collection and distribution, shall be prohibited; without prejudice to the case provided for in the second sentence of the third indent, the transport of animals of susceptible species shall be prohibited, except for transit by major highways or mainline railways. (b)the measures applied in the protection zone shall be maintained for at least 15 days after elimination of all the animals referred to in Article 5 from the holding and the carrying out on that holding of preliminary cleaning and disinfection operations in accordance with Article 10. However, the measures described in paragraph 3 for the surveillance zone shall remain in force in the protection zone for the period provided for in paragraph 3 (b). 3. (a)The following measures shall be applied in the surveillance zone: a census shall be taken of all holdings having animals of susceptible species; the movement of animals of susceptible species on public roads shall be prohibited except for the purpose of leading them to pasture; the transport of animals of susceptible species within the surveillance zone shall be subject to the authorization of the competent authority; the animals may not be removed from the surveillance zone during the first 15 days. Between the 15th day and the 30th day the animals may not be removed from the said zone except to be transported under official supervision directly to a slaughterhouse for the purpose of emergency slaughter. Such transport may be authorized by the competent authority only after the official veterinarian has carried out an examination of all the animals concerned and confirmed that none of the animals is suspected of being infected; itinerant service for breeding shall be prohibited; fairs, markets, shows and other gatherings of susceptible animals shall be prohibited. b)The measures in the surveillance zone shall be kept in force for at least 30 days after the elimination of all the animals referred to in Article 5 from the holding and the carrying out on that holding of preliminary cleaning and disinfection operations in accordance with Article 10.

Article 10 Member States shall ensure that: the disinfectants to be used and their concentrations are officially approved by the competent authority; the cleaning and disinfection operations are carried out under official supervision, in accordance with the instructions given by the official veterinarian.

Article 11 1. Member States shall ensure that: laboratory testing to detect the presence of foot-and-mouth diesease are carried out by a national laboratory indicated in the Annex B which may be amended or supplemented in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 17. This laboratory testing should, if necessary and especially on the first appearance of the disease, show the type, sub-type or, where appropriate, the variant of the relevant virus which may be confirmed, if necessary, be a reference laboratory designated by the Community; one of the national laboratories indicated in Annex B is responsible for coordinating standards and methods of diagnosis in each Member State; the national laboratories referred to in the first indent liaise with a reference laboratory designated by the Community. 2. The Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission, shall designate, before 1 January 1987, the reference laboratory referred to in paragraph 1 and shall determine its powers and the detailed rules for applying the second indent of paragraph 1.

Article 12 Member States shall ensure that: when animals of susceptible species are moved out of the holding on which they are kept, they are identified in such a way as to enable their holding of origin, or the holding from which they have come, and their movements to be traced rapidly. However, for certain categories of animals and without prejudice to Article 13 of Council Directive 80/217/EEC of 22 January 1980 introducing Community measures for the control of classical swine feverOJ No L 47, 21. 2. 1980, p. 11., as last amended by Directive 84/645/EECOJ No L 339, 27. 12. 1984, p. 33., the competent authority may, in certain circumstances and having regard to the health situation, authorize other ways of rapidly tracing their holding of origin, or the holding from which they have come, and their movements. The arrangements for identifying the animals or for tracing the holding of origin shall be determined by the competent authority; the owner or keeper of the animals is required to supply the competent authority, on request by that authority, with information concerning animals entering or leaving his holding; all persons engaged in the transport or marketing of animals of susceptible species are able to supply the competent authority with information concerning the movements of animals which they have transported or marketed and to furnish all the details concerning such information.

Article 13 1. Member States shall ensure that: the use of foot-and-mouth vaccines is prohibited, the manipulation of foot-and-mouth virus for research, diagnosis and/or manufacture of vaccines shall be carried out only in approved establishments and laboratories listed in Annex A and B, the storage, supply, distribution and sale of foot-and-mouth vaccines on the territory of the Community are carried out under official control, the establishments and laboratories referred to in the second indent shall be approved only if they fulfil the minimum standards recommended by the FAO for laboratories working on foot-and-mouth viruses in vitro and in vivo. 2. Veterinary experts from the Commission, in collaboration with the competent authorities of the Member States, shall carry out spot-checks to ascertain whether the security systems applied in the establishments and laboratories referred to in Annexes A and B comply with the FAO's minimum standards. The Commission shall carry out these checks at least once a year, the first of these checks being due before 1 January 1992, and shall submit, also before that date, an initial report to the Standing Veterinary Committee. The list of establishments and laboratories in Annexes A and B may be reviewed in the light of these checks by the Commission, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 17, by 31 December 1991. The list will be regularly updated in accordance with the same procedure. In accordance with the same procedure, a decision may be taken to adopt a uniform code of good conduct for the security systems applied in the establishments and laboratories listed in Annexes A and B. 3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1 concerning the use of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, it may be decided, when foot-and-mouth disease has been confirmed and threatens to become extensive, that emergency vaccination using technical procedures guaranteeing the animals' total immunity may be introduced. In this case, the measures to be taken shall include: the extent of the geographical area in which emergency vaccination is to be carried out, the species and the age of the animals to be vaccinated, the duration of the vaccination campaign, a specific standstill of vaccinated animals and their products, the special identification and special registration of the vaccinated animals, other matters appropriate to the emergency situation. The decision to introduce emergency vaccination shall be taken by the Commission in collaboration with the Member State concerned, acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16. This decision shall have particular regard to the degree of concentration of animals in certain regions and the need to protect special breeds. However, by way of derogation from the first subparagraph, the decision to introduce emergency vaccination around the outbreak may be taken by the Member State concerned following notification to the Commission, provided that basic Community interests are not endangered. This decision shall be immediately reviewed in the Standing Veterinary Committee in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16.

Article 14 1. Pending the setting up of Community reserves of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, Member States shall be authorized to retain reserves of antigens in one of the establishments referred to in the Annexes. For the purposes of the first subparagraph, contracts between the Commission and those responsible in the establishments designated by the Member States shall be concluded; the contracts will in particular specify the quantities of antigen doses necessary, taking account of the requirements estimated in the context of the plans referred to in Article 5 (1) of Directive 90/423/EECOJ No L 224, 18. 8. 1990, p. 13., for a maximum of 10 serotypes. After this transitional period, Member States shall be authorized under Community supervision to retain establishments for the packaging and storage of ready-to-use vaccines for emergency vaccination. 2. Before 1 April 1991, the Council, acting by a qualfied majority on a proposal from the Commission, shall designate a specialized institute for vaccine and cross-immunity checks and shall determine its powers. 3. Before 1 April 1991, the Commission shall submit to the Council a report accompanied, where appropriate, by proposals on the rules relating to the packaging, production, distribution and state of the stocks of anti-foot-and-mouth disease vaccines in the Community, together with proposals on the setting up of at least two Community reserves of anti-foot-and-mouth disease vaccines.

Article 15 If foot-and-mouth disease assumes alarming proportions on the territory of a Member State and, despite the measures taken, particularly in application of Article 13, the epizootic becomes extensive and develops widely outside the limits of the vaccinated zone, a Member State which does not practise prophylactic vaccination on all or part of its territory may carry out such vaccination on all or part of its territory and apply the measures laid down in Article 5 (2) (b). It shall inform the Commission and the other Member States of this action.

Article 16 1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health set up by Article 58 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002OJ L 31, 1.2.2002, p. 1.. 2. Where reference is made to this Article, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/ECOJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23. shall apply. The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at fifteen days. 3. The committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.

Article 17 1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health. 2. Where reference is made to this Article, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply. The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months.

Article 18 On the basis of a report from the Commission on the experience gained in the application of this Directive, accompanied by proposals where appropriate, the Council shall review the situation within two years of the adoption of Directive 90/423/EECOJ No L 224, 18. 8. 1990, p. 13..

Article 19 Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 January 1987 at the latest.

Article 20 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

null ANNEX A

Commercial laboratories authorised to handle live foot-and-mouth disease virus for vaccine production

GERMANY	Bayer AG, Köln
FRANCE	Merial, SAS, Laboratoire IFFA, Lyon
NETHERLANDS	CIDC-Lelystad, Central Institute for Animal Disease Control, Lelystad
UNITED KINGDOM	Merial, SAS, Pirbright Laboratory, Pirbright

ANNEX B

National laboratories authorised to handle live foot-and-mouth disease virus

BELGIUM	Veterinary and Agrochemical Research CentreCODA-CERVA-VAR, Uccle
DENMARK	Danish Veterinary Institute, Department of Virology, Lindholm
GERMANY	Bundesforschungsanstalt für Viruskrankheiten der Tiere Anstaltsteil Tübingen Anstaltsteil Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Insel Riems
GREECE	Ινστιτούτο Αφθώδους ΠυρετούΑγία Παρασκευή Αττικής
SPAIN	Laboratorio Central de Sanidad Animal INIA (CSIA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Madrid
FRANCE	Agence française de sécurité sanitaire des aliments (AFSSA) Laboratoire d'études et de recherches en pathologie bovine et hygiène des viandes, Lyon Laboratoire d'études et de recherches en pathologie animale et zoonoses, Maison-Alfort
ITALY	Istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Brescia
NETHERLANDS	CIDC-Lelystad, Central Institute for Animal Disease Control, Lelystad
AUSTRIA	Österreichische Agentur für Gesundheit und ErnährungssicherheitVeterinärmedizinische Untersuchungen Mödling
UNITED KINGDOM	Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright

Council Directive 85/511/EEC of 18 November 1985 introducing Community measures for the control of foot- and-mouth disease