Variable name | Variable breakdown categories | Enterprise scope/Enterprise breakdown(s)Measurement unit |
---|
Introduction of product innovation during the reference period | Introduction of new or improved- (1)goods
- (2)services
| All enterprises/DA/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Introduction, during the reference period, of product innovation that was new to the market | Introduction of new or improved goods or services that were:- (1)not previously offered by competitors
- (2)identical or very similar to products already offered by competitors
| Enterprises with product innovation/DA/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Turnover from innovative products in the reference year | Turnover from products- (1)introduced during the reference period that were not previously offered by competitors
- (2)introduced during the reference period that were identical or very similar to products already offered by competitors
- (3)that were unchanged or only marginally modified during the reference period
| Enterprises with product innovation/DA; ICC/Incidence (number of enterprises), Thousand Euros |
Developer of product innovations introduced during the reference period | Product innovations developed by:- (1)the enterprise by itself
- (2)the enterprise together with other enterprises or organisations
- (3)the enterprise by adapting or modifying products originally developed by other enterprises or organisations
- (4)other enterprises or organisations
| Enterprises with product innovation/DA/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Introduction of business process innovation during the reference period | Introduction of new or improved processes:- (1)methods for producing or developing goods or providing services
- (2)logistics, delivery or distribution methods
- (3)methods for information processing or communication
- (4)methods for accounting or other administrative operations
- (5)business practices for organising procedures or external relations
- (6)methods of organising work responsibility, decision making or human resource management
- (7)marketing methods for promotion, packaging, pricing, product placement or after sales services
| All enterprises/DA/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Developer of business process innovations introduced during the reference period | Business process innovations developed by:- (1)the enterprise by itself
- (2)the enterprise together with other enterprises or organisations
- (3)the enterprise by adapting or modifying business processes originally developed by other enterprises or organisations
- (4)other enterprises or organisations
| Enterprises with business process innovation/DA/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Business model innovation during the reference period (optional variable) | Fundamental changes:- (1)to the value that products/services create for customers
- (2)in the way how revenues are obtained
- (3)in the production and delivery of products
- (4)in the relationship to customers
- (5)in the relationship to suppliers or cooperation partners
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Innovation activities during the reference period | Research and Development (R & D) activities:- (1)in-house R & D, of which (2) to (3)
- (2)continuous
- (3)occasional
- (4)contracting out R & D
Innovation activities that did not lead to the introduction of an innovation during the reference period:- (5)ongoing by the end of the reference year
- (6)abandoned or suspended
- (7)completed but not leading to the introduction of an innovation
| All enterprises/DA/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Expenditure on innovation activities in the reference year | Innovation expenditure:(1 to 3 mandatory, 4 to 7 optional)- (1)R & D performed in-house
- (2)R & D contracted out
- (3)all other innovation expenditure, of which (4) to (7)
- (4)own personnel working on innovation
- (5)services, materials, supplies purchased from others for innovation
- (6)capital goods for innovation
- (7)other expenditures for innovation
| Enterprises with innovation activities/DA/Thousand Euros |
Reasons for not having more innovation activities during the reference period | - (1)Lack of resources, e.g. lack of finance, qualified personnel, material
- (2)Other reasons than a lack of resources, e.g. strategic reasons; not the right time to innovate; other priorities; risks too high; low expected returns
- (3)No need for more innovation activities
| Enterprises with innovation activities/DA; ICC/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Reasons for having no innovation activities at all during the reference period | - (1)Lack of resources, e.g. lack of finance, qualified personnel, material
- (2)Other reasons than a lack of resources, e.g. strategic reasons; not the right time to innovate; other priorities; risks too high; low expected returns
- (3)No need for any innovation activities
| Enterprises with no innovation activity/DA; ICC/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Intellectual Property Rights (optional variable) | - (1)Application for a patent
- (2)Registration of an industrial design right
- (3)Registration of a trademark
- (4)Claim of a copyright
- (5)Use of trade secrets
- (6)Licence out own intellectual property rights (IPRs)
- (7)Sell (or assign) own IPRs to others
- (8)Exchange IPRs (pooling, cross-licencing, etc.)
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Conditions faced by the enterprise during the reference period (optional variable) | Competitive environment characterised by:- (1)goods or services become outdated quickly
- (2)future technological developments are difficult to predict
- (3)competitor goods or services are easily substituted for those of the enterprise
- (4)entry of new competitors leads to a major threat of the enterprises’ market position
- (5)competitor’s actions are difficult to predict
- (6)changes in demand are difficult to predict
- (7)strong competition from abroad
- (8)price increases lead to loss of clients
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:- Applies fully
- Applies somewhat
- Applies very little
- Applies not at all
|
Importance of strategies, during the reference period, to the economic performance of the enterprise (optional variable) | Focus on:- (1)improving existing goods or services
- (2)introducing new goods or services
- (3)low-price (price leadership)
- (4)high-quality (quality leadership)
- (5)broad range of goods or services
- (6)one or a small number of key goods or services
- (7)satisfying established customers
- (8)approaching new customers
- (9)standardised goods or services
- (10)customer-specific solutions
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:- High
- Medium
- Low
- Not important
|
Customisation and co-creation during the reference period (optional variable) | Offer of goods or services:- (1)co-created with users (co-creation)
- (2)designed and developed specifically to meet the needs of particular users (customisation)
- (3)in the same way for different users (standardised goods or services)
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Cooperation with other enterprises or organisations during the reference period | Cooperation on:- (1)R & D
- (2)other innovation activities (excluding R & D)
- (3)any other business activities
Cooperation on R & D or other innovation activities with cooperation partners:- (4)from the business enterprise sector
- (5)outside the business enterprise sector
| All enterprises/DA; ICC/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Detailed type of innovation cooperation partner by location during the reference period (optional variable) | Cooperation partners from the business enterprise sector (includes 1 to 6)- (1)consultants, commercial labs, or private research institutes
- (2)suppliers of equipment, materials, components or software
- (3)clients or customers
- (4)competitors
- (5)others
Cooperation partners from the own enterprise group:- (6)enterprises within the own enterprise group
Cooperation partners outside the business enterprise sector (includes 7 to 10):- (7)universities or other higher education institutions
- (8)government or public research institutes
- (9)clients or customers from the public sector
- (10)non-profit organisations
For each partner: located in:- (11)own country
- (12)other EU or EFTA countries
- (13)all other countries
| Enterprises with innovation cooperation partners/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Access to finance during the reference period | Type of funding:- (1)Equity finance
- (2)Debt finance
For each type of funding:- (3)unsuccessful attempt to obtain
- (4)obtained
- (5)obtained and used partly or fully for R & D or other innovation activities
| All enterprises/DA; ICC/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Public financial support from different levels of government during the reference period | Public financial support by:- (1)local or regional authorities
- (2)national government
- (3)EU Programme for Research and Innovation (Horizon 2020, Horizon Europe)
- (4)other financial support from a European Union institution
For each type of public financial support:- (5)obtained
- (6)obtained and used partly or fully for R & D or other innovation activities
| All enterprises/DA; ICC/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Tax incentives or allowances during the reference period (optional variable) | Use of tax credits or allowances for:- (1)R & D or other innovation activities
- (2)all other types of activities
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Importance of factors related to climate change during the reference period (optional variable) | Factors related to climate change:- (1)government policies or measures related to climate change
- (2)increasing customer demand for products that help mitigate or adapt to climate change (e.g. low-carbon products)
- (3)increasing costs or input prices resulting from climate change (e.g. higher insurance fees, higher prices for water, adaptation of processes or facilities)
- (4)impacts of extreme weather conditions (e.g. damages/disturbances)
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:- High
- Medium
- Low
- Not relevant
|
Innovations with environmental benefits during the reference period | Environmental benefits obtained within the enterprise:- (1)reduced material or water use per unit of output
- (2)reduced energy use or CO2 "footprint" (i.e. reduced total CO2 emission)
- (3)reduced soil, light, noise, water or air pollution
- (4)replaced a share of materials with less polluting or hazardous substitutes
- (5)replaced a share of fossil energy with renewable energy sources
- (6)recycled waste, water, or materials for own use or sale
- (7)protection of bio-diversity
Environmental benefits obtained during the consumption or use of a good or service by the end user:- (8)reduced energy use or "CO2 footprint"
- (9)reduced air, water, soil, light or noise pollution
- (10)facilitated recycling of product after use
- (11)extended product life through longer-lasting, more durable, or easier-to-repair products
- (12)protection of bio-diversity
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) by contribution to environmental protection being- significant
- insignificant
|
Importance of driving factors for innovations with environmental benefits during the reference period (optional variable) | Driving factors:- (1)existing environmental regulations
- (2)existing environmental taxes, charges or fees
- (3)environmental regulations or taxes expected in the future
- (4)government grants, subsidies or other financial incentives for environmental innovations
- (5)current or expected market demand for environmental innovations
- (6)improving the enterprise’s reputation
- (7)voluntary actions or initiatives for environmental good practice within the sector
- (8)high cost of energy, water or materials
- (9)need to meet requirements for public procurement contracts
| Enterprises with innovations with environmental benefits/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) by Likert scale:- High
- Medium
- Low
- Not important
|
Purchase of innovative machinery, equipment or software during the reference period (optional variable) | Purchase of machinery, equipment or software based on- (1)the same or improved technology used in the enterprise before
- (2)new technology that was not used in the enterprise before
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Enterprises | Year:(mandatory: 1; optional: 2)- (1)in the reference year
- (2)in the year two years before the reference year
| All enterprises/DA; ICC; SG/Number of enterprises |
Employees and self-employed persons in the enterprise | Year:(mandatory: 1; optional: 2)- (1)in the reference year
- (2)in the year two years before the reference year
| All enterprises/DA; ICC; SG/Number of employees and self-employed persons |
Persons with tertiary degree employed in the enterprise in the reference year (optional variable) | - (1)0 %
- (2)1 % to less than 5 %
- (3)5 % to less than 10 %
- (4)10 % to less than 25 %
- (5)25 % to less than 50 %
- (6)50 % to less than 75 %
- (7)75 % or more
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Total turnover of the enterprise | Year:(mandatory: 1; optional: 2)- (1)in the reference year
- (2)in the year two years before the reference year
| All enterprises/DA; ICC; SG/Thousand Euros |
Turnover by location of customers in the reference year (optional variable) | Customers located in- (1)own country
- (2)other EU and EFTA countries
- (3)any other countries
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises), Thousand Euros |
Total expenditure of the enterprise in the reference year (optional variable) | Total expenditure on:- (1)acquisition of machinery, equipment, buildings and other tangible assets
- (2)marketing, brand building, advertising
- (3)training of own staff
- (4)product design
- (5)software development, database work and data analysis
- (6)registering, filing and monitoring own Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and purchasing or licensing IPRs from others
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Thousand Euros |
Age of the enterprise in the reference year | Enterprise established- (1)in 2020 or later
- (2)in 2018 or 2019
- (3)between 2014 and 2017
- (4)2013 or earlier
| All enterprises/DA; ICC/Incidence (number of enterprises) |
Kind of enterprise group in the reference year (optional variable) | Enterprise is:- (1)not part of an enterprise group
- (2)part of an enterprise group
For (2), head office located in:- (3)own country, of which (4) and (5)
- (4)with all enterprises of that group located in the country
- (5)any other country
| All enterprises/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises), Country name |
Activities with one or more enterprises of the enterprise group during the reference period (optional variable) | Inflows from other enterprises in the enterprise group:- (1)receiving technical knowledge
- (2)receiving financial resources
- (3)receiving personnel
- (4)in-sourcing of business activities
Outflows to other enterprises in the enterprise group:- (5)transferring technical knowledge
- (6)transferring financial resources
- (7)transferring personnel
- (8)out-sourcing of business activities
| Enterprises that are part of an enterprise group/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) by- other enterprise in the country
- other enterprise abroad
|
Funding in the form of intra-group loans during the reference period (optional variable) | Funding by intra-group loans:- (1)unsuccessful attempt to obtain
- (2)obtained
- (3)obtained and used partly or fully for R & D or other innovation activities
| Enterprises that are part of an enterprise group/DA; ICC (optional)/Incidence (number of enterprises) |