Regulation (EU) No 165/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 February 2014 on tachographs in road transport, repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 on recording equipment in road transport and amending Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the harmonisation of certain social legislation relating to road transport Text with EEA relevance
Modified by
- Regulation (EU) 2020/1054 of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 15 July 2020amending Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 as regards minimum requirements on maximum daily and weekly driving times, minimum breaks and daily and weekly rest periods and Regulation (EU) No 165/2014 as regards positioning by means of tachographs, 32020R1054, July 31, 2020
(a) "tachograph" or "recording equipment" means the equipment intended for installation in road vehicles to display, record, print, store and output automatically or semi-automatically details of the movement, including the speed, of such vehicles, in accordance with Article 4(3), and details of certain periods of activity of their drivers; (b) "vehicle unit" means the tachograph excluding the motion sensor and the cables connecting the motion sensor. The vehicle unit may be a single unit or several units distributed in the vehicle, provided that it complies with the security requirements of this Regulation; the vehicle unit includes, among other things, a processing unit, a data memory, a time measurement function, two smart card interface devices for driver and co-driver, a printer, a display, connectors and facilities for entering the user’s inputs; (c) "motion sensor" means a part of the tachograph providing a signal representative of vehicle speed and/or distance travelled; (d) "tachograph card" means a smart card, intended for use with the tachograph, which allows identification by the tachograph of the role of the cardholder and allows data transfer and storage; (e) "record sheet" means a sheet designed to accept and retain recorded data, to be placed in an analogue tachograph, and on which the marking devices of the analogue tachograph continuously inscribe the information to be recorded; (f) "driver card" means a tachograph card, issued by the authorities of a Member State to a particular driver, which identifies the driver and allows for the storage of driver activity data; (g) "analogue tachograph" means a tachograph using a record sheet in accordance with this Regulation; (h) "digital tachograph" means a tachograph using a tachograph card in accordance with this Regulation; (i) "control card" means a tachograph card issued by the authorities of a Member State to a national competent control authority which identifies the control body and, optionally, the control officer, and which allows access to the data stored in the data memory or in the driver cards and, optionally, in the workshop cards for reading, printing and/or downloading; (j) "company card" means a tachograph card issued by the authorities of a Member State to a transport undertaking needing to operate vehicles fitted with a tachograph, which identifies the transport undertaking and allows for the displaying, downloading and printing of the data, stored in the tachograph, which have been locked by that transport undertaking; (k) "workshop card" means a tachograph card issued by the authorities of a Member State to designated staff of a tachograph manufacturer, a fitter, a vehicle manufacturer or a workshop, approved by that Member State, which identifies the cardholder and allows for the testing, calibration and activation of tachographs, and/or downloading from them; (l) "activation" means the phase in which the tachograph becomes fully operational and implements all functions, including security functions, through the use of a workshop card; (m) "calibration" of a digital tachograph means updating or confirming vehicle parameters, including vehicle identification and vehicle characteristics, to be held in the data memory through the use of a workshop card; (n) "downloading" from a digital tachograph means the copying, together with the digital signature, of a part, or of a complete set, of data files recorded in the data memory of the vehicle unit or in the memory of a tachograph card, provided that this process does not alter or delete any stored data; (o) "event" means an abnormal operation detected by the digital tachograph which may result from a fraud attempt; (p) "fault" means an abnormal operation detected by the digital tachograph which may result from an equipment malfunction or failure; (q) "installation" means the mounting of a tachograph in a vehicle; (r) "non-valid card" means a card detected as faulty, or whose initial authentication failed, or whose start of validity date is not yet reached, or whose expiry date has passed; (s) "periodic inspection" means a set of operations performed to check that the tachograph works properly, that its settings correspond to the vehicle parameters, and that no manipulation devices are attached to the tachograph; (t) "repair" means any repair of a motion sensor or of a vehicle unit that requires the disconnection of its power supply, or its disconnection from other tachograph components, or the opening of the motion sensor or vehicle unit; (u) "type-approval" means a process to certify, by a Member State, in accordance with Article 13, that the tachograph, its relevant components or the tachograph card to be introduced to market fulfil the requirements of this Regulation; (v) "interoperability" means the capacity of systems and the underlying business processes to exchange data and to share information; (w) "interface" means a facility between systems which provides the media through which they can connect and interact; (x) "time measurement" means a permanent digital record of the coordinated universal date and time (UTC); (y) "time adjustment" means an automatic adjustment of current time at regular intervals and within a maximum tolerance of one minute, or an adjustment performed during calibration; (z) "open standard" means a standard set out in a standard specification document available freely or at a nominal charge which it is permissible to copy, distribute or use for no fee or for a nominal fee.
(a) vehicles fitted with an analogue tachograph; (b) vehicles fitted with a digital tachograph complying with the specifications in Annex IB to Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 applicable until 30 September 2011 ;(c) vehicles fitted with a digital tachograph complying with the specifications in Annex IB to Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 applicable from 1 October 2011 ; and(d) vehicles fitted with a digital tachograph complying with the specifications in Annex IB to Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85 applicable from 1 October 2012 .
record data related to the driver, driver activity and the vehicle which shall be accurate and reliable; be secure, in particular guaranteeing the integrity and the origin of the source of data recorded by and retrieved from vehicle units and motion sensors; be interoperable as between the various generations of vehicle units and tachograph cards; allow for efficient verification of compliance with this Regulation and other applicable legal acts; have enough memory capacity to store all of the data required under this Regulation; be user-friendly.
(a) the distance travelled, and the speed of the vehicle; (b) time measurement; (c) position points as referred to in Article 8(1); (d) the identity of the driver; (e) the activity of the driver; (f) control, calibration and tachograph repair data, including the identity of the workshop; (g) events and faults.
(a) the competent control authorities; (b) the relevant transport undertaking so that it can comply with its legal obligations, in particular as set out in Articles 32 and 33.
speed and distance measurement; monitoring driver activities and driving status; monitoring the insertion and withdrawal of tachograph cards; recording of drivers’ manual entries; calibration; automatic recording of the position points referred to in Article 8(1); monitoring control activities; detection and recording of events and faults; reading from data memory and recording and storing in data memory; reading from tachograph cards and recording and storing in tachograph cards; displaying, warning, printing and downloading data to external devices; time adjustment and measurement; remote communication; company locks management; built-in and self-tests.
(a) time; (b) mode of operation; (c) driver activity: if the current activity is driving, the driver’s current continuous driving time and the current cumulative break time, if the current activity is availability/other work/rest or break, the current duration of that activity (since it was selected) and the current cumulative break time;
(d) data related to warnings; (e) data related to menu access.
(a) the use of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) for the recording of location data as referred to in Article 8; (b) the use of remote communication for control purposes as referred to in Article 9, the use of tachographs with an interface as referred to in Article 10, the electronic exchange of information on driver cards as referred to in Article 31, and in particular any cross-border exchanges of such data with third countries; and (c) the keeping of records by transport undertakings as referred to in Article 33.
the starting place of the daily working period, every time the vehicle crosses the border of a Member State, every time the vehicle performs loading or unloading activities, every three hours of accumulated driving time, and the ending place of the daily working period.
the latest security breach attempt, the longest power supply interruption, sensor fault, motion data error, vehicle motion conflict, driving without a valid card, card insertion while driving, time adjustment data, calibration data including the dates of the two latest calibrations, vehicle registration number, speed recorded by the tachograph, exceeding maximum driving time.
(a) the interface does not affect the authenticity and the integrity of the data of the tachograph; (b) the interface complies with the detailed provisions of Article 11; (c) the external device connected to the interface has access to personal data, including geopositioning data, only after the verifiable consent of the driver to whom the data relates.
(a) in relation to the performance of the functions of the smart tachograph as referred to in this Chapter, include the necessary requirements to guarantee the security, accuracy and reliability of data as provided to the tachograph by the satellite positioning service and the remote communication technology referred to in Articles 8 and 9; (b) specify the various conditions and requirements for the satellite positioning service and the remote communication technology referred to in Articles 8 and 9 to be either outside or embedded in the tachograph and, when outside, specify the conditions for the use of the satellite positioning signal as a second motion sensor; (c) specify the necessary standards for the interface referred to in Article 10. Such standards may include a provision on the distribution of access rights for drivers, workshops and transport undertakings, and control roles for the data recorded by the tachograph, which control roles shall be based on an authentication/authorisation mechanism defined for the interface, such as a certificate for each level of access and subject to the technical feasibility thereof.
(a) the security certificate shall certify the following for the vehicle unit, tachograph cards, motion sensor, and connection to the GNSS receiver when the GNSS is not embedded in the vehicle units: (i) compliance with security targets; (ii) fulfilment of the following security functions: identification and authentication, authorisation, confidentiality, accountability, integrity, audit, accuracy and reliability of service;
(b) the functional certificate shall certify that the tested item fulfils the appropriate requirements in terms of functions performed, environmental characteristics, electromagnetic compatibility characteristics, compliance with physical requirements and compliance with other applicable standards; (c) the interoperability certificate shall certify that the tested item is fully interoperable with the necessary tachographs or tachograph card models.
by fitters or workshops approved by the competent authorities under Article 24 for repair, maintenance or recalibration purposes of the tachograph, or by control officers properly trained and, where required authorised, for control purposes; for the purpose of vehicle repair or modification which affects the seal. In such cases, a written statement stating the date and time at which the seal was broken and giving the reasons for the seal removal shall be kept on board the vehicle. The Commission shall develop a standard form for the written statement through implementing acts.
vehicle identification number, name of the officer, control authority and Member State, number of the control card, number of the removed seal, date and time of seal removal, number of the new seal, where the control officer has placed a new seal.
the tachograph is correctly fitted and appropriate for the vehicle; the tachograph is working properly; the tachograph carries the type-approval mark; the installation plaque is affixed; all seals are intact and effective; there are no manipulation devices attached to the tachograph or traces of the use of such devices; the tyre size and the actual circumference of the tyres.
(a) the staff are properly trained; (b) the equipment necessary to carry out the relevant tests and tasks is available; (c) the fitters, workshops and vehicle manufacturers are of good repute.
(a) approved fitters or workshops shall be subject, at least every two years, to an audit of the procedures they apply when handling tachographs. The audit shall focus in particular on the security measures taken and the handling of workshop cards. Member States may carry out these audits without conducting a site visit; (b) unannounced technical audits of approved fitters or workshops shall also take place in order to check the calibrations, inspections and installations carried out. Those audits shall cover at least 10 % of the approved fitters and workshops annually.
surname and first name of the driver, birth date and, if available, place of birth of the driver, valid driving licence number and country of issue of the driving licence (if applicable), status of the driver card, driver card number.
(a) if the vehicle is fitted with an analogue tachograph, be entered on the record sheet, either manually, by automatic recording or other means, legibly and without dirtying the record sheet; or (b) if the vehicle is fitted with a digital tachograph, be entered onto the driver card using the manual entry facility provided for in the tachograph.
(a) ensure that the time recorded on the record sheet corresponds to the official time in the country of registration of the vehicle; (b) operate the switch mechanisms enabling the following periods of time to be recorded separately and distinctly: (i) under the sign 
: driving time,(ii) under the sign 
: "other work", which means any activity other than driving, as defined in point (a) of Article 3 of Directive 2002/15/EC, and also any work for the same or another employer within or outside of the transport sector,(iii) under the sign 
: "availability", as defined in point (b) of Article 3 of Directive 2002/15/EC,(iv) under the sign 
: breaks, rest, annual leave or sick leave,(v) under the sign for "ferry/train": In addition to the sign : the rest period spent on a ferry or train as required by Article 9 of Regulation (EC) No 561/2006.
(a) on beginning to use the record sheet — his surname and first name; (b) the date and place where use of the record sheet begins and the date and place where such use ends; (c) the registration number of each vehicle to which the driver is assigned, both at the start of the first journey recorded on the record sheet and then, in the event of a change of vehicle, during use of the record sheet; (d) the odometer reading: (i) at the start of the first journey recorded on the record sheet, (ii) at the end of the last journey recorded on the record sheet, (iii) in the event of a change of vehicle during a working day, the reading on the first vehicle to which the driver was assigned and the reading on the next vehicle;
(e) the time of any change of vehicle; (f) the symbols of the countries in which the daily working period started and finished. The driver shall also enter the symbol of the country that the driver enters after crossing a border of a Member State at the beginning of the driver’s first stop in that Member State. That first stop shall be made at the nearest possible stopping place at or after the border. Where the crossing of the border of a Member State takes place on a ferry or train, the driver shall enter the symbol of the country at the port or station of arrival.
(a) at the start of his journey, print out the details of the vehicle he is driving, and enter on that printout: (i) details that enable the driver to be identified (name, driver card or driving licence number), including his signature; (ii) the periods referred to in points (ii), (iii) and (iv) of Article 34(5)(b);
(b) at the end of the journey, print out the information relating to periods of time recorded by the tachograph, record any periods of other work, availability and rest taken since the printout made at the start of the journey, where not recorded by the tachograph, and mark on that document details enabling the driver to be identified (name, driver card or driving licence number), including the driver’s signature.
(i) the record sheets for the current day and those used by the driver in the previous 28 days, (ii) the driver card, if one is held, and (iii) any manual records and printouts made during the current day and the previous 28 days as required under this Regulation and Regulation (EC) No 561/2006.
(i) his driver card, (ii) any manual records and printouts made during the current day and the previous 28 days as required under this Regulation and Regulation (EC) No 561/2006, (iii) the record sheets corresponding to the same period as that referred to in point (ii) during which he drove a vehicle fitted with an analogue tachograph.
(a) on the record sheet or sheets, or (b) on a temporary sheet to be attached to the record sheet or to be kept together with the driver card.
(a) control cards allowing access to data recorded in tachographs and in tachograph cards, and optionally in workshop cards; (b) the tools necessary to download data files from vehicle units and tachograph cards and to be able to analyse such data files and printouts from digital tachographs in combination with record sheets or charts from analogue tachographs.
(a) works properly; (b) records and stores data correctly, and that the calibration parameters are correct.
(1) in Article 3, the following point is inserted after point (a): "(aa) vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible mass not exceeding 7,5 tonnes used for carrying materials, equipment or machinery for the driver’s use in the course of his work, and which are used only within a 100 km radius from the base of the undertaking and on the condition that driving the vehicle does not constitute the driver’s main activity;";
(2) Article 13(1) is amended as follows: (a) in points (d), (f) and (p), the words "50 kilometre" or "50 km" are replaced by the words "100 km"; (b) the first subparagraph of point (d) is replaced by the following: "(d) vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible mass not exceeding 7,5 tonnes used by universal service providers as defined in Article 2(13) of Directive 97/67/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 1997 on common rules for the development of the internal market of Community postal services and the improvement of quality of serviceOJ L 15, 21.1.1998, p. 14 .".
----------------------OJ L 15, 21.1.1998, p. 14 .".
(a) "recording equipment" or "analogue tachograph" means: equipment intended for installation in road vehicles to show and record automatically or semi-automatically details of the movement of such vehicles and details of certain periods of activity of their drivers; (b) "constant of the recording equipment" means: the numerical characteristic giving the value of the input signal required to show and record a distance travelled of one kilometre; this constant must be expressed either in revolutions per kilometre (k = … rev/km), or in impulses per kilometre (k = … imp/km); (c) "characteristic coefficient" means: the numerical characteristic giving the value of the output signal emitted by the part of the vehicle linking it with the recording equipment (gearbox output shaft or axle) while the vehicle travels a distance of one measured kilometre under normal test conditions (see point 4 of Part VI of this Annex). The characteristic coefficient is expressed either in revolutions per kilometre (w = … rev/km) or in impulses per kilometre (w = … imp/km); (d) "effective circumference of wheel tyres" means: the average of the distances travelled by the several wheels moving the vehicle (driving wheels) in the course of one complete rotation. The measurement of these distances must take place under normal test conditions (see point 4 of Part VI of this Annex) and is expressed in the form: 1 = … mm.
1. distance travelled by the vehicle; 2. speed of the vehicle; 3. driving time; 4. other periods of work or of availability; 5. breaks from work and daily rest periods; 6. opening of the case containing the record sheet; 7. for electronic recording equipment which is equipment operating by signals transmitted electrically from the distance and speed sensor, any interruption exceeding 100 milliseconds in the power supply of the recording equipment (except lighting), in the power supply of the distance and speed sensor and any interruption in the signal lead to the distance and speed sensor.
1.1. Visual instruments showing: distance travelled (distance recorder), speed (speedometer), time (clock).
1.2. Recording instruments comprising: a recorder of the distance travelled, a speed recorder, one or more time recorders satisfying the requirements laid down in point (c)(4).
1.3. A means of marking showing on the record sheet individually: each opening of the case containing that record sheet, for electronic recording equipment, as defined in point 7 of the first paragraph of Part II, any interruption exceeding 100 milliseconds in the power supply of the recording equipment (except lighting), not later than at switching-on the power supply again, for electronic recording equipment, as defined in point 7 of the first paragraph of Part II, any interruption exceeding 100 milliseconds in the power supply of the distance and speed sensor and any interruption in the signal lead to the distance and speed sensor.
so as to include both forward and reverse movement, or so as to include only forward movement.
the trace drawn by the stylus must be perpendicular to the average circumference (in the case of record sheets in disc form) or to the axis (in the case of record sheets in strip form) of the area reserved for speed recording, the ratio between the radius of curvature of the trace drawn by the stylus and the width of the area reserved for speed recording must be not less than 2,4 to 1, whatever the form of the record sheet, the markings on the time-scale must cross the recording area in a curve of the same radius as the trace drawn by the stylus. The spaces between the markings on the time-scale must represent a period not exceeding one hour.
close to the figure shown by the distance recorder, the unit of measurement of distance, indicated by the abbreviation "km", near the speed scale, the marking "km/h", the measurement range of the speedometer, in the form "Vmin … km/h, Vmax … km/h". This marking is not necessary if it is shown on the descriptive plaque of the equipment.
name and address of the manufacturer of the equipment, manufacturer’s number and year of construction, approval mark for the equipment type, the constant of the equipment in the form "k = … rev/km" or "k = … imp/km", optionally, the range of speed measurement, in the form indicated in point 1, should the sensitivity of the instrument to the angle of inclination be capable of affecting the readings given by the equipment beyond the permitted tolerances, the permissible angle expressed as: 
(a) distance travelled: 1 % more or less than the real distance, where that distance is at least one kilometre; (b) speed: 3 km/h more or less than the real speed; (c) time: ± two minutes per day with a maximum of 10 minutes per seven days in cases where the running period of the clock after rewinding is not less than that period.
(a) distance travelled: 2 % more or less than the real distance, where that distance is at least one kilometre; (b) speed: 4 km/h more or less than the real speed; (c) time: ± two minutes per day, or ± 10 minutes per seven days.
(a) distance travelled: 4 % more or less than the real distance, where that distance is at least one kilometre; (b) speed: 6 km/h more or less than the real speed; (c) time: ± two minutes per day, or ± 10 minutes per seven days.
an area exclusively reserved for data relating to speed, an area exclusively reserved for data relating to distance travelled, one or more areas for data relating to driving time, to other periods of work and availability, to breaks from work and to rest periods for drivers.
name and address or trade name of the manufacturer, approval mark for the model of the record sheet, approval mark for the type or types of equipment in which the record sheet may be used, upper limit of the speed measurement range, printed in kilometres per hour.
surname and first name of the driver, date and place where use of the record sheet begins and date and place where such use ends, the registration number or numbers of the vehicle or vehicles to which the driver is assigned during the use of the record sheet, odometer readings from the vehicle or vehicles to which the driver is assigned during the use of the record sheet, the time at which any change of vehicle takes place.
name, address or trade name of the approved fitter, workshop or vehicle manufacturer, characteristic coefficient of the vehicle, in the form "w = … rev/km" or "w = … imp/km", effective circumference of the wheel tyres, in the form "1 = … mm", the dates on which the characteristic coefficient of the vehicle was determined and the effective circumference of the wheel tyres was measured.
(a) the installation plaque, unless it is attached in such a way that it cannot be removed without the markings thereon being destroyed; (b) the two ends of the link between the recording equipment proper and the vehicle; (c) the adaptor itself and the point of its insertion into the circuit; (d) the switch mechanism for vehicles with two or more axle ratios; (e) the links joining the adaptor and the switch mechanism to the rest of the equipment; (f) the casings required under point (a)(7.2) of Part III; (g) any cover giving access to the means of adapting the constant of the recording equipment to the characteristic coefficient of the vehicle.
in cases of emergency, in order to install, adjust or repair a speed limitation device or any other device contributing to road safety,
that the equipment is working correctly, that the equipment carries the type-approval mark, that the installation plaque is affixed, that the seals on the equipment and on the other parts of the installation are intact, the actual circumference of the tyres.
vehicle unladen, in normal running order, tyre pressures in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, tyre wear within the limits allowed by law, movement of the vehicle: the vehicle must proceed, driven by its own engine, in a straight line and on a level surface, at a speed of 50 ± 5 km/h. Provided that it is of comparable accuracy, the test may also be carried out on an appropriate test bench.
(a) a rectangle, within which shall be placed the letter "e" followed by a distinguishing number or letter for the country which has issued the approval in accordance with the following conventional signs: Belgium 6, Bulgaria 34, Czech Republic 8, Denmark 18, Germany 1, Estonia 29, Ireland 24, Greece 23, Spain 9, France 2, Croatia 25, Italy 3, Cyprus CY, Latvia 32, Lithuania 36, Luxembourg 13, Hungary 7, Malta MT, Netherlands 4, Austria 12, Poland 20, Portugal 21, Romania 19, Slovenia 26, Slovakia 27, Finland 17, Sweden 5, United Kingdom 11, and (b) an approval number corresponding to the number of the approval certificate drawn up for the prototype of the recording equipment or the record sheet or to the number of a tachograph card, placed at any point within the immediate proximity of that rectangle.
approval of a type of recording equipment withdrawal of approval of a type of recording equipment approval of a model record sheet withdrawal of approval of a model record sheet