(a) "branch" of a financial or credit institution means a place of business which forms a legally dependent part of a financial or credit institution and which carries out directly all or some of the transactions inherent in the business of financial or credit institutions; (b) "brokering services" means: (i) the negotiation or arrangement of transactions for the purchase, sale or supply of goods and technology from a third country to any other third country, or (ii) the selling or buying of goods and technology that are located in third countries for their transfer to another third country;
(c) "contract or transaction" means any transaction of whatever form and whatever the applicable law, whether comprising one or more contracts or similar obligations made between the same or different parties; for this purpose "contract" includes a bond, guarantee or indemnity, particularly a financial guarantee or financial indemnity, and credit, whether legally independent or not, as well as any related provision arising under, or in connection with, the transaction; (d) "credit institution" means a credit institution as defined in Article 4(1) of Directive 2006/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 June 2006 relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutionsOJ L 177, 30.6.2006, p. 1 .(e) "crude oil and petroleum products" means the products listed in Annex IV; (f) "economic resources" means assets of every kind, whether tangible or intangible, movable or immovable, which are not funds, but which may be used to obtain funds, goods or services; (g) "financial institution" means: (i) an undertaking, other than a credit institution, which carries out one or more of the operations included in points 2 to 12 and points 14 and 15 of Annex I to Directive 2006/48/EC, including the activities of currency exchange offices (bureaux de change); (ii) an insurance company duly authorised in accordance with Directive 2002/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 November 2002 concerning life assuranceOJ L 345, 19.12.2002, p. 1 .(iii) an investment firm as defined in point 1 of Article 4(1) of Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on markets in financial instrumentsOJ L 145, 30.4.2004, p. 1 .(iv) a collective investment undertaking marketing its units or shares; or (v) an insurance intermediary as defined in Article 2(5) of Directive 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 December 2002 on insurance mediationOJ L 9, 15.1.2003, p. 3 .
including its branches, whether inside or outside the Union; (h) "freezing of economic resources" means preventing their use to obtain funds, goods or services in any way, including, but not limited to, by selling, hiring or mortgaging them; (i) "freezing of funds" means preventing any move, transfer, alteration, use of, access to, or dealing with funds in any way that would result in any change in their volume, amount, location, ownership, possession, character, destination or other change that would enable the funds to be used, including portfolio management; (j) "funds" means financial assets and benefits of every kind, including but not limited to: (i) cash, cheques, claims on money, drafts, money orders and other payment instruments; (ii) deposits with financial institutions or other entities, balances on accounts, debts and debt obligations; (iii) publicly- and privately-traded securities and debt instruments, including stocks and shares, certificates representing securities, bonds, notes, warrants, debentures and derivatives contracts; (iv) interest, dividends or other income on or value accruing from or generated by assets; (v) credit, right of set-off, guarantees, performance bonds or other financial commitments; (vi) letters of credit, bills of lading, bills of sale; (vii) documents evidencing an interest in funds or financial resources;
(k) "goods" includes items, materials and equipment; (l) "insurance" means an undertaking or commitment whereby one or more natural or legal persons are obliged, in return for payment, to provide one or more other persons, in the event of materialisation of a risk, with an indemnity or a benefit as determined by the undertaking or commitment; (m) "reinsurance" means the activity consisting in accepting risks ceded by an insurance undertaking or by another reinsurance undertaking or, in the case of the association of underwriters known as Lloyd's, the activity consisting in accepting risks, ceded by any member of Lloyd's, by an insurance or reinsurance undertaking other than the association of underwriters known as Lloyd's; (n) "Syrian credit or financial institution" means: (i) any credit or financial institution domiciled in Syria, including the Central Bank of Syria; (ii) any branch or subsidiary, where it falls within the scope of Article 35, of a credit or financial institution domiciled in Syria; (iii) any branch or subsidiary, where it does not fall within the scope of Article 35, of a credit or financial institution domiciled in Syria; (iv) any credit or financial institution that is not domiciled in Syria but is controlled by one or more persons or entities domiciled in Syria;
(o) "Syrian person, entity or body" means: (i) the State of Syria or any public authority thereof; (ii) any natural person in, or resident in, Syria; (iii) any legal person, entity or body having its registered office in Syria; (iv) any legal person, entity or body, inside or outside Syria, owned or controlled directly or indirectly by one or more of the above-mentioned persons or bodies;
(p) "technical assistance" means any technical support related to repairs, development, manufacture, assembly, testing, maintenance, or any other technical service, and may take forms such as instruction, advice, training, the transmission of working knowledge or skills or consulting services; including verbal forms of assistance; (q) "territory of the Union" means the territories of the Member States to which the Treaty is applicable, under the conditions laid down in the Treaty, including their airspace.
Council Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 of 18 January 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria and repealing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011
Modified by
- Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 55/2012of 23 January 2012implementing Article 33(1) of Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria, 32012R0055, January 24, 2012
(a) to sell, supply, transfer or export, directly or indirectly, equipment which might be used for internal repression as listed in Annex I, whether or not originating in the Union, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria; (b) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a).
(a) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance related to the goods and technology listed in the Common Military List of the European Union OJ C 86, 18.3.2011, p. 1 .(b) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services related to equipment which might be used for internal repression as listed in Annex I, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria; (c) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance related to the goods and technology listed in the Common Military List or in Annex I, including in particular grants, loans and export credit insurance, for any sale, supply, transfer or export of such items, or for any provision of related technical assistance to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria; (d) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in points (a) to (c).
technical assistance intended solely for the support of the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF); non-lethal military equipment, or equipment which might be used for internal repression, intended solely for humanitarian purposes or protective use or for institution building programmes of the UN and the Union, or for Union or UN crisis management operations; or non-combat vehicles fitted with materials to provide ballistic protection, intended solely for the protective use of personnel of the Union and its Member States in Syria;
(a) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services related to the equipment, technology and software identified in Annex V, or related to the provision, manufacture, maintenance and use of the equipment and technology identified in Annex V or to the provision, installation, operation or updating of any software identified in Annex V, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria; (b) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance related to the equipment, technology and software identified in Annex V, to any person, entity or body in Syria or for use in Syria; (c) to provide any telecommunication or internet monitoring or interception services of any kind to, or for the direct or indirect benefit of, the State of Syria, its Government, its public bodies, corporations and agencies or any person or entity acting on their behalf or at their direction; and (d) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in any activity the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a), (b) or (c) above;
(a) to import crude oil or petroleum products into the Union if they: (i) originate in Syria; or (ii) have been exported from Syria;
(b) to purchase crude oil or petroleum products which are located in or which originated in Syria; (c) to transport crude oil or petroleum products if they originate in Syria, or are being exported from Syria to any other country; (d) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance, including financial derivatives, as well as insurance and re-insurance, related to the prohibitions set out in points (a), (b) and (c); and (e) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities whose object or effect is, directly or indirectly, to circumvent the prohibitions in point (a), (b), (c) or (d).
(a) the execution, on or prior to 15 November 2011 , of an obligation arising from a contract concluded before2 September 2011 , provided that the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking to perform the obligation concerned has notified, at least seven working days in advance, the activity or transaction to the competent authority of the Member State in which it is established, as identified on the websites listed in Annex III; or(b) the purchase of crude oil or petroleum products which had been exported from Syria prior to 2 September 2011 , or, where the export was made pursuant to point (a), on or prior to15 November 2011 .
(a) exploration of crude oil and natural gas; (b) production of crude oil and natural gas; (c) refining; (d) liquefaction of natural gas.
(a) to provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services related to the equipment and technology listed in Annex VI, or related to the provision, manufacture, maintenance and use of goods listed in Annex VI, to any Syrian person, entity or body, or for use in Syria; (b) to provide, directly or indirectly, financing or financial assistance related to the equipment and technology listed in Annex VI, to any Syrian person, entity or body; or for use in Syria, and (c) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in any activity the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a) or (b).
(a) to sell, supply, transfer or export equipment or technology to be used in the construction or installation in Syria of new power plants for electricity production, as listed in Annex VII; (b) to provide, directly or indirectly, financial or technical assistance in relation to any project referred to in point (a).
(a) the granting of any financial loan or credit to any Syrian person, entity or body referred to in paragraph 2; (b) the acquisition or extension of a participation in any Syrian person, entity or body referred to in paragraph 2; (c) the creation of any joint venture with any Syrian person, entity or body referred to in paragraph 2; (d) the participation, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions referred to in point (a), (b) or (c).
(a) the exploration, production or refining of crude oil; or (b) the construction or installation of new power plants for electricity production.
(a) "exploration of crude oil" includes the exploration for, prospecting for and management of crude oil reserves, as well as the provision of geological services in relation to such reserves; (b) "refining of crude oil" means the processing, conditioning or preparation of oil for the ultimately final sale of fuels.
(a) shall be without prejudice to the execution of an obligation arising from contracts or agreements relating to: (i) the exploration, production or refining of crude oil, concluded before 23 September 2011 ;(ii) the construction or installation of new power plants for electricity production concluded prior to 19 January 2012 ;
(b) shall not prevent the extension of a participation relating to: (i) the exploration, production or refining of crude oil, if such extension is an obligation under an agreement concluded before 23 September 2011 ;(ii) the construction or installation of new power plants for electricity production if such extension is an obligation under an agreement concluded prior to 19 January 2012 .
(a) Annex II shall consist of a list of natural or legal persons, entities and bodies who, in accordance with Article 19(1) of Decision 2011/782/CFSP, have been identified by the Council as being persons or entities responsible for the violent repression against the civilian population in Syria, persons and entities benefiting from or supporting the regime, and natural or legal persons and entities associated with them, and to whom Article 21 of this Regulation shall not apply; (b) Annex IIa shall consist of a list of entities which, in accordance with Article 19(1) of Decision 2011/782/CFSP, have been identified by the Council as being entities associated with the persons or entities responsible for the violent repression against the civilian population in Syria, or with persons and entities benefiting from or supporting the regime, and to which Article 21 of this Regulation shall apply.
(a) necessary to satisfy the basic needs of persons listed in Annexes II and IIa and their dependent family members, including payments for foodstuffs, rent or mortgage, medicines and medical treatment, taxes, insurance premiums, and public utility charges; (b) intended exclusively for payment of reasonable professional fees and reimbursement of incurred expenses associated with the provision of legal services; (c) intended exclusively for payment of fees or service charges for routine holding or maintenance of frozen funds or economic resources; (d) necessary for extraordinary expenses, provided that the relevant competent authority has notified the grounds on which it considers that a specific authorisation should be granted to the competent authorities of the other Member States and to the Commission at least two weeks before the authorisation; (e) to be paid into or from an account of a diplomatic or consular mission or an international organisation enjoying immunities in accordance with international law, insofar as such payments are intended to be used for official purposes of the diplomatic or consular mission or international organisation; (f) necessary for humanitarian purposes, such as delivering or facilitating the delivery of assistance, including medical supplies, food, humanitarian workers and related assistance, or evacuations from Syria.
(a) the funds or economic resources in question are the subject of a judicial, administrative or arbitral lien established prior to the date on which the person, entity or body referred to in Article 14 was included in Annex II or IIa, or of a judicial, administrative or arbitral judgment rendered prior to that date; (b) the funds or economic resources in question will be used exclusively to satisfy claims secured by such a lien or recognised as valid in such a judgment, within the limits set by applicable laws and regulations governing the rights of persons having such claims; (c) the lien or judgment is not for the benefit of a person, entity or body listed in Annex II or IIa; and (d) recognising the lien or judgment is not contrary to public policy in the Member State concerned.
(a) interest or other earnings on those accounts; or (b) payments due under contracts, agreements or obligations that were concluded or arose before the date on which the account became subject to this Regulation,
(a) such payment is due under a trade contract; and (b) the competent authority of the relevant Member State has determined that the payment will not directly or indirectly be received by a person or entity listed in Annex II or Annex IIa.
(a) be prohibited from making any disbursement or payment under or in connection with any existing loan agreements entered into between the State of Syria or any public authority thereof and the EIB; and (b) suspend all existing Technical Assistance Service Contracts relating to projects financed under the loan agreements referred to in point (a), and which are intended for the direct or indirect benefit of the State of Syria or any public authority thereof to be performed in Syria.
(a) to sell or purchase Syrian public or public-guaranteed bonds issued after 19 January 2012 , directly or indirectly, to or from any of the following:(i) the State of Syria or its Government, and its public bodies, corporations and agencies; (ii) any Syrian credit or financial institution; (iii) a natural person or a legal person, entity or body acting on behalf or at the direction of a legal person, entity or body referred to in (i) or (ii); (iv) a legal person, entity or body owned or controlled by a person, entity or body referred to in (i), (ii) or (iii);
(b) to provide brokering services with regard to Syrian public or public-guaranteed bonds issued after 19 January 2012 , to a person, entity or body referred to in point (a);(c) to assist a person, entity or body referred to in point (a) in order to issue Syrian public or public-guaranteed bonds, by providing brokering services, advertising or any other service with regard to such bonds.
(a) open a new bank account with any Syrian credit or financial institution; (b) to establish a new correspondent banking relationship with any Syrian credit or financial institution; (c) to open a new representative office in Syria or to establish a new branch or subsidiary in Syria; (d) to establish a new joint venture with any Syrian credit or financial institution.
(a) to authorise the opening of a representative office or the establishment of a branch or subsidiary in the Union of any Syrian credit or financial institution; (b) to conclude agreements for, or on behalf of, any Syrian credit or financial institution, pertaining to the opening of a representative office or the establishment of a branch or subsidiary in the Union; (c) to grant an authorisation for taking up and pursuing the business of a credit or financial institution or for any other business requiring prior authorisation, by a representative office, branch or subsidiary of any Syrian credit or financial institution, if the representative office, branch or subsidiary was not operational before 19 January 2012 ;(d) to acquire or to extend a participation, or to acquire any other ownership interest in a credit or financial institution falling within the scope of Article 35 by any Syrian credit or financial institution.
(a) to provide insurance or re-insurance to: (i) the State of Syria, its Government, its public bodies, corporations or agencies; or (ii) any natural or legal person, entity or body when acting on behalf or at the direction of a legal person, entity or body referred to in (i);
(b) to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities, the object or effect of which is to circumvent the prohibitions in point (a).
(a) supply immediately any information which would facilitate compliance with this Regulation, such as accounts and amounts frozen in accordance with Article 14, to the competent authority in the Member State where they are resident or located, as indicated on the websites listed in Annex III, and shall transmit such information, either directly or through the Member States, to the Commission; and (b) cooperate with that competent authority in any verification of this information.
(a) within the territory of the Union, including its airspace; (b) on board any aircraft or any vessel under the jurisdiction of a Member State; (c) to any person inside or outside the territory of the Union who is a national of a Member State; (d) to any legal person, entity or body which is incorporated or constituted under the law of a Member State; (e) to any legal person, entity or body in respect of any business done in whole or in part within the Union.
1. Fire-arms, ammunition and related accessories therefor, as follows: 1.1 Firearms not controlled by ML 1 and ML 2 of the Common Military List; 1.2 Ammunition specially designed for the firearms listed in item 1.1 and specially designed components therefor; 1.3 Weapon-sights not controlled by the Common Military List.
2. Bombs and grenades not controlled by the Common Military List. 3. Vehicles as follows: 3.1 Vehicles equipped with a water cannon, specially designed or modified for the purpose of riot control; 3.2 Vehicles specially designed or modified to be electrified to repel borders; 3.3 Vehicles specially designed or modified to remove barricades, including construction equipment with ballistic protection; 3.4 Vehicles specially designed for the transport or transfer of prisoners and/or detainees; 3.5 Vehicles specially designed to deploy mobile barriers; 3.6 Components for the vehicles specified in items 3.1 to 3.5 specially designed for the purposes of riot control. Note 1 This item does not control vehicles specially designed for the purposes of fire-fighting. Note 2 For the purposes of item 3.5 the term "vehicles" includes trailers.
4. Explosive substances and related equipment as follows: 4.1 Equipment and devices specially designed to initiate explosions by electrical or non-electrical means, including firing sets, detonators, igniters, boosters and detonating cord, and specially designed components therefor; except those specially designed for a specific commercial use consisting of the actuation or operation by explosive means of other equipment or devices the function of which is not the creation of explosions (e.g., car air-bag inflaters, electric-surge arresters of fire sprinkler actuators); 4.2 Linear cutting explosive charges not controlled by the Common Military List; 4.3 Other explosives not controlled by the Common Military List and related substances as follows: (a) amatol; (b) nitrocellulose (containing more than 12,5 % nitrogen); (c) nitroglycol; (d) pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN); (e) picryl chloride; (f) 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT).
5. Protective equipment not controlled by ML 13 of the Common Military List as follows: 5.1 Body armour providing ballistic and/or stabbing protection; 5.2 Helmets providing ballistic and/or fragmentation protection, anti-riot helmets, antiriot shields and ballistic shields. Note: This item does not control: equipment specially designed for sports activities; equipment specially designed for safety of work requirements.
6. Simulators, other than those controlled by ML 14 of the Common Military List, for training in the use of firearms, and specially designed software therefor. 7. Night vision, thermal imaging equipment and image intensifier tubes, other than those controlled by the Common Military List. 8. Razor barbed wire. 9. Military knives, combat knives and bayonets with blade lengths in excess of 10 cm. 10. Production equipment specially designed for the items specified in this list. 11. Specific technology for the development, production or use of the items specified in this list.
| Name | Identifying information | Reasons | Date of listing | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Bashar Al-Assad | Born on | President of the Republic; person authorising and supervising the crackdown on demonstrators. | |
| 2. | Maher (a.k.a. Mahir) Al-Assad | Born on | Commander of the Army's 4th Armoured Division, member of Ba'ath Party Central Command, strongman of the Republican Guard; brother of President Bashar Al-Assad; principal overseer of violence against demonstrators. | |
| 3. | Ali Mamluk (a.k.a. Mamlouk) | Born on | Head of Syrian General Intelligence Directorate (GID); involved in violence against demonstrators. | |
| 4. | Muhammad Ibrahim Al-Sha'ar (a.k.a. Mohammad Ibrahim Al-Chaar) | Minister of Interior; involved in violence against demonstrators. | ||
| 5. | Atej (a.k.a. Atef, Atif) Najib | Former Head of the Political Security Directorate in Dara'a; cousin of President Bashar Al-Assad; involved in violence against demonstrators. | ||
| 6. | Hafiz Makhluf (a.k.a. Hafez Makhlouf) | Born on | Colonel and Head of Unit in General Intelligence Directorate, Damascus Branch; cousin of President Bashar Al-Assad; close to Maher Al-Assad; involved in violence against demonstrators. | |
| 7. | Muhammad Dib Zaytun (a.k.a. Mohammed Dib Zeitoun) | Born on | Head of Political Security Directorate; involved in violence against demonstrators. | |
| 8. | Amjad Al-Abbas | Head of Political Security in Banyas, involved in violence against demonstrators in Baida. | ||
| 9. | Rami Makhlouf | Born on | Syrian businessman; associate of Maher Al-Assad; cousin of President Bashar Al-Assad; provides funding to the regime allowing violence against demonstrators. | |
| 10. | Abd Al-Fatah Qudsiyah | Born in 1953 in Hama; diplomatic passport No D0005788 | Head of Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI); involved in violence against the civilian population. | |
| 11. | Jamil Hassan | Head of Syrian Air Force Intelligence; involved in violence against the civilian population. | ||
| 12. | Rustum Ghazali | Born on | Head of Syrian Military Intelligence, Damascus Countryside Branch; involved in violence against the civilian population. | |
| 13. | Fawwaz Al-Assad | Born on | Involved in violence against the civilian population as part of the Shabiha militia. | |
| 14. | Munzir Al-Assad | Born on | Involved in violence against the civilian population as part of the Shabiha militia. | |
| 15. | Asif Shawkat | Born on | Deputy Chief of Staff for Security and Reconnaissance; involved in violence against the civilian population. | |
| 16. | Hisham Ikhtiyar | Born in 1941 | Head of Syrian National Security Bureau; involved in violence against the civilian population. | |
| 17. | Faruq Al Shar' | Born on | Vice-President of Syria; involved in violence against the civilian population. | |
| 18. | Muhammad Nasif Khayrbik | Born on | Deputy Vice-President of Syria for National Security Affairs; involved in violence against the civilian population. | |
| 19. | Mohamed Hamcho | Born on | Brother-in-law of Maher Al-Assad; businessman and local agent for several foreign companies; provides funding to the regime allowing violence against demonstrators. | |
| 20. | Iyad (a.k.a. Eyad) Makhlouf | Born on | Brother of Rami Makhlouf and GID Officer involved in violence against the civilian population. | |
| 21. | Bassam Al Hassan | Presidential Advisor for Strategic Affairs; involved in violence against the civilian population. | ||
| 22. | Dawud Rajiha | Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces responsible for the military involvement in violence against peaceful protesters. | ||
| 23. | Ihab (a.k.a. Ehab, Iehab) Makhlouf | Born on | Vice-President of SyriaTel and caretaker for Rami Makhlouf's US company; provides funding to the regime allowing violence against demonstrators. | |
| 24. | Zoulhima Chaliche (Dhu al-Himma Shalish) | Born in 1951 or 1946 in Kerdaha. | Head of presidential security; involved in violence against demonstrators; first cousin of President Bashar Al-Assad. | |
| 25. | Riyad Chaliche (Riyad Shalish) | Director of Military Housing Establishment; provides funding to the regime; first cousin of President Bashar Al-Assad. | ||
| 26. | Brigadier Commander Mohammad Ali Jafari (a.k.a. Ja'fari, Aziz; a.k.a. Jafari, Ali; a.k.a. Jafari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Ja'fari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Jafari-Najafabadi, Mohammad Ali) | Born on | General Commander of Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps, involved in providing equipment and support to help the Syrian regime suppress protests in Syria. | |
| 27. | Major General Qasem Soleimani (a.k.a. Qasim Soleimany) | Commander of Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps, IRGC - Qods, involved in providing equipment and support to help the Syrian regime suppress protests in Syria. | ||
| 28. | Hossein Taeb (a.k.a. Taeb, Hassan; a.k.a. Taeb, Hosein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hossein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hussayn; a.k.a. Hojjatoleslam Hossein Ta'eb) | Born in 1963 in Tehran, Iran. | Deputy Commander for Intelligence of Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps, involved in providing equipment and support to help the Syrian regime suppress protests in Syria. | |
| 29. | Khalid Qaddur | Business associate of Maher Al-Assad; provides funding to the regime. | ||
| 30. | Ra'if Al-Quwatli (a.k.a. Ri'af Al-Quwatli) | Business associate of Maher Al-Assad; provides funding to the regime. | ||
| 31. | Mohammad Mufleh | Head of Syrian Military Intelligence in the town of Hama, involved in the crackdown on demonstrators. | ||
| 32. | Major General Tawfiq Younes | Head of the Department for Internal Security of the General Intelligence Directorate; involved in violence against the civilian population. | ||
| 33. | Mohammed Makhlouf (a.k.a. Abu Rami) | Born on | Close associate and maternal uncle of Bashar and Mahir al-Assad. Business associate and father of Rami, Ihab and Iyad Makhlouf. | |
| 34. | Ayman Jabir | Born in Latakia | Associate of Mahir al-Assad for the Shabiha militia. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population and coordination of Shabiha militia groups. | |
| 35. | General Ali Habib Mahmoud | Born in 1939, in Tartous. Appointed Minister for Defence on | Minister for Defence. Responsible for conduct and operations of Syrian Armed Forces involved in repression and violence against the civilian population. | |
| 36. | Hayel Al-Assad | Assistant to Maher Al-Assad, Head of the military police unit of the army's 4th Division, involved in repression. | ||
| 37. | Ali Al-Salim | Director of the supplies office of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, entry point for all arms acquisitions by the Syrian army. | ||
| 38. |  ) | Cousin of Bashar Al-Assad; previously head of the "Nizar Oilfield Supplies" company. | Very close to key government officials. Financing Shabiha in the region of Latakia. | |
| 39. | Brigadier-General Rafiq Shahadah | Head of Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch 293 (Internal Affairs) in Damascus. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Damascus. Advisor to President Bashar Al-Assad for strategic questions and military intelligence. | ||
| 40. | Brigadier-General Jamea Jamea (Jami Jami) | Branch Chief for Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) in Dayr az-Zor. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Dayr az-Zor and Alboukamal. | ||
| 41. | Hassan Bin-Ali Al-Turkmani | Born in 1935 in Aleppo | Deputy Vice Minister, former Minister for Defence, Special Envoy of President Bashar Al-Assad. | |
| 42. | Muhammad Said Bukhaytan | Assistant Regional Secretary of Ba'ath Arab Socialist Party since 2005, 2000-2005 Director for the national security of the regional Ba'ath party. Former Governor of Hama (1998-2000). Close associate of President Bashar Al-Assad and Maher Al-Assad. Senior decision-maker in the regime on repression of civilian population. | ||
| 43. | Ali Douba | Responsible for killings in Hama in 1980, has been called back to Damascus as special advisor to President Bashar Al-Assad. | ||
| 44. | Brigadier-General Nawful Al-Husayn | Idlib Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch Chief. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Idlib province. | ||
| 45. | Brigadier Husam Sukkar | Presidential Adviser on Security Affairs. Presidential Adviser for security agencies' repression and violence against the civilian population. | ||
| 46. | Brigadier-General Muhammed Zamrini | Branch Chief for Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) in Homs. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Homs. | ||
| 47. | Lieutenant-General Munir Adanov (Adnuf) | Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training for Syrian Army. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Syria. | ||
| 48. | Brigadier-General Ghassan Khalil | Head of General Intelligence Directorate's (GID) Information Branch. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Syria. | ||
| 49. | Mohammed Jabir | Born in Latakia | Shabiha militia. Associate of Maher Al-Assad for the Shabiha militia. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population and coordination of Shabiha militia groups. | |
| 50. | Samir Hassan | Close business associate of Maher Al-Assad. Known for supporting the Syrian regime financially. | ||
| 51. | Fares Chehabi (Fares Shihabi) | President of Aleppo Chamber of Industry. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime. | ||
| 52. | Emad Ghraiwati | Born in March 1959 in Damascus, Syria | President of the Damascus Chamber of Industry (Zuhair Ghraiwati Sons). Provides financial support to the Syrian regime. | |
| 53. | Tarif Akhras | Born in 1949 in Homs, Syria | Founder of the Akhras Group (commodities, trading, processing and logistics), Homs. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime. | |
| 54. | Issam Anbouba | Born in 1949 in Latakia, Syria | President of Issam Anbouba Est. for agro-industry. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime. | |
| 55. | Tayseer Qala Awwad | Born in 1943 in Damascus | Minister of Justice. Associated with the Syrian regime, including by supporting its policies and practices of arbitrary arrest and detention. | |
| 56. | Dr Adnan Hassan Mahmoud | Born in 1966 in Tartous | Minister of Information. Associated with the Syrian regime, including by supporting and promoting its information policy. | |
| 57. | Major General Jumah Al-Ahmad | Commander Special Forces. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria. | ||
| 58. | Colonel Lu'ai al-Ali | Head of Syrian Military Intelligence, Dara'a Branch. Responsible for the violence against protesters in Dara'a. | ||
| 59. | Lt. General Ali Abdullah Ayyub | Deputy Chief of General Staff (Personnel and Manpower). Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria. | ||
| 60. | Lt. General Jasim al-Furayj | Chief of General staff. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria. | ||
| 61. | General Aous (Aws) Aslan | Born in 1958 | Head of Battalion in the Republican Guard. Close to Maher Al-Assad and President Al-Assad. Involved in the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria. | |
| 62. | General Ghassan Belal | General in command of the 4th Division reserve bureau. Adviser to Maher Al-Assad and coordinator of security operations. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria. | ||
| 63. | Abdullah Berri | Head of Berri family militia. In charge of pro-government militia involved in the crackdown on the civilian population in Aleppo. | ||
| 64. | George Chaoui | Member of Syrian electronic army. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria. | ||
| 65. | Major General Zuhair Hamad | Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and for intimidation and torture of protestors. | ||
| 66. | Amar Ismael | Civilian - Head of Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service). Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria. | ||
| 67. | Mujahed Ismail | Member of Syrian electronic army. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria. | ||
| 68. | Saqr Khayr Bek | Deputy Minister for the Interior. Responsible for the use of violence against the civilian population in Syria. | ||
| 69. | Major General Nazih | Deputy Director of General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors. | ||
| 70. | Kifah Moulhem | Batallion Commander in the 4th Division. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population in Deir el-Zor. | ||
| 71. | Major General Wajih Mahmud | Commander 18th Armoured Division. Responsible for the violence against protestors in Homs. | ||
| 72. | Bassam Sabbagh | Head of Sabbagh & Associates law firm (Damascus). Legal and financial adviser and manages affairs of Rami Makhlouf and Khaldoun Makhlouf. Involved with Bashar al-Assad in funding a real estate project in Latakia. Provides financial support for the regime. | ||
| 73. | Lt. General Mustafa Tlass | Deputy Chief of General Staff (Logistics and supplies). Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria. | ||
| 74. | Major General Fu'ad Tawil | Deputy head Syrian Air Force Intelligence. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors. | ||
| 75. | Mohammad Al-Jleilati | Born in 1945 in Damascus | Minister of Finance. Responsible for the Syrian economy. | |
| 76. | Dr. Mohammad Nidal Al-Shaar | Born in 1956 in Aleppo | Minister of Economy and Trade. Responsible for the Syrian economy. | |
| 77. | Lt. General Fahid Al-Jassim | Chief of Staff. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 78. | Major General Ibrahim Al-Hassan | Deputy Chief of Staff. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 79. | Brigadier Khalil Zghraybih | 14th Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 80. | Brigadier Ali Barakat | 103rd Brigade of the Republican Guard Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 81. | Brigadier Talal Makhluf | 103rd Brigade of the Republican Guard Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 82. | Brigadier Nazih Hassun | Syrian Air Force Intelligence. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 83. | Captain Maan Jdiid | Presidential Guard. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 84. | Muahmamd Al-Shaar | Political Security Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 85. | Khald Al-Taweel | Political Security Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 86. | Ghiath Fayad | Political Security Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | ||
| 87. | Commander of 154th Regiment | Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo'adamiyeh, Douma, Abasiyeh, Duma. | ||
| 88. | Commander in 4th Division | Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo'adamiyeh, Douma, Abasiyeh, Duma | ||
| 89. | Commander of 35th Special Forces Regiment | Ordered troops to shoot protestors in Baniyas and Deraa | ||
| 90. | Commander of 132nd Brigade | Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in Deraa, including the use of machine guns and anti-aircraft guns. | ||
| 91. | Commander of the 3rd Division | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Douma. | ||
| 92. | Commander of 65th Brigade | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Douma | ||
| 93. | Commander of the military operations in Idlib | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Idlib at the beginning of September 2011 | ||
| 94. | Special Forces Commander | Gave the soldiers orders to pick up the bodies and hand them over to the mukhabarat and responsible for the violence in Bukamal. | ||
| 95. | Commander from the 45th Regiment | Commander of military operations in Homs, Baniyas and Idlib | ||
| 96. | Commander from the 45th Regiment | Commander of military operations in Homs. Gave orders to shoot protestors in Homs. | ||
| 97. | Commander of the 134th Brigade | Gave orders to troops to shoot at houses and people on roofs during a funeral in Talbiseh for protesters killed the previous day. | ||
| 98. | Commander of the 555th Regiment. | Gave orders to troops to shoot at protestors in Mo'adamiyeh. | ||
| 99. | Gave orders to troops to shoot at protestors in Al-Herak. | |||
| 100. | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Al-Herak | |||
| 101. | Commander of the 106th Brigade, Presidential Guard | Gave orders to troops to beat the protesters with sticks and then arrest them. Responsible for repression of peaceful protestors in Douma. | ||
| 102. | Commander of 5th Division | Gave orders to troops to shoot at the protesters in Deraa Governorate. | ||
| 103. | Wafiq Nasser | Head of Suwayda Regional Branch (Department of Military Intelligence) | As Head of the Suwayda branch of the Department for Military Intelligence, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Suwayda. | |
| 104. | Ahmed Dibe | Head of Deraa Regional Branch (General Security Directorate) | As Head of the Deraa Regional Branch of the General Security Directorate, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Deraa. | |
| 105. | Makhmoud al-Khattib | Head of Investigative Branch (Political Security Directorate) | As Head of the Investigative Branch of the Political Security Directorate, responsible for detention and torture of detainees. | |
| 106. | Mohamed Heikmat Ibrahim | Head of Operations Branch (Political Security Directorate) | As Head of the Operations Branch of the Political Security Directorate, responsible for detention and torture of detainees. | |
| 107. | Nasser Al-Ali | Head of Deraa Regional Branch (Political Security Directorate) | As Head of the Deraa Regional Branch of the Political Security Directorate, responsible for detention and torture of detainees. | |
| 108. | Mehran (or Mahran) Khwanda | Owner of transport company Qadmous Transport Co. Date of birth | Provides logistical support to violent repression of civilian population in areas of operation of pro-government militias involved in violence (shabihas). |
| Name | Identifying information | Reasons | Date of listing | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Bena Properties | Controlled by Rami Makhlouf; provides funding to the regime. | ||
| 2. | Al Mashreq Investment Fund (AMIF) (alias Sunduq Al Mashrek Al Istithmari) | Controlled by Rami Makhlouf; provides funding to the regime. | ||
| 3. | Hamcho International (Hamsho International Group) | Controlled by Mohammad Hamcho or Hamsho; provides funding to the regime. | ||
| 4. | Military Housing Establishment (alias MILIHOUSE) | Public works company controlled by Riyad Shalish and Ministry of Defence; provides funding to the regime. | ||
| 5. | Political Security Directorate | Syrian government agency directly involved in repression. | ||
| 6. | General Intelligence Directorate | Syrian government agency directly involved in repression. | ||
| 7. | Military Intelligence Directorate | Syrian government agency directly involved in repression. | ||
| 8. | Air Force Intelligence Agency | Syrian government agency directly involved in repression. | ||
| 9. | IRGC Qods Force (Quds Force) | Teheran, Iran | The Qods (or Quds) Force is a specialist arm of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The Qods Force is involved in providing equipment and support to help the Syria regime suppress protests in Syria. IRGC Qods Force has provided technical assistance, equipment and support to the Syrian security services to repress civilian protest movements. | |
| 10. | Mada Transport | Economic entity financing the regime. | ||
| 11. | Cham Investment Group | Economic entity financing the regime. | ||
| 12. | Real Estate Bank | State-owned bank providing financial support for the regime. | ||
| 13. | Addounia TV (a.k.a. Dounia TV) | Addounia TV has incited violence against the civilian population in Syria. | ||
| 14. | Cham Holding | Controlled by Rami Makhlouf; largest holding company in Syria, benefiting from and supporting the regime. | ||
| 15. | El-Tel Co. (El-Tel Middle East Company) | Manufacturing and supplying telecommunication equipment for the Army. | ||
| 16. | Ramak Constructions Co. | Construction of military barracks, border post barracks and other buildings for Army needs. | ||
| 17. | Souruh Company (a.k.a. SOROH Al Cham Company) | Investment in local military industrial projects, manufacturing weapons parts and related items. 100 % of the company is owned by Rami Makhlouf. | ||
| 18. | Syriatel | Controlled by Rami Makhlouf; provides financial support to the regime: through its licensing contract it pays 50 % of its profits to the Government. | ||
| 19. | Cham Press TV | Television channel which participates in campaigns to spread disinformation and incite violence against demonstrators. | ||
| 20. | Al Watan | Daily newspaper which participates in campaigns to spread disinformation and incite violence against demonstrators. | ||
| 21. | Centre d'études et de recherches syrien (CERS) (CERS, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Scientifique; SSRC, Scientific Studies and Research Center; Centre de Recherche de Kaboun | Provides support to the Syrian army for the acquisition of equipment used directly for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators. | ||
| 22. | Business Lab | Front company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS. | ||
| 23. | Industrial Solutions | Front company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS. | ||
| 24. | Mechanical Construction Factory (MCF) | Front company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS. | ||
| 25. | Syronics – Syrian Arab Co. for Electronic Industries | Front company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS. | ||
| 26. | Handasieh – Organization for Engineering Industries | Front company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS. | ||
| 27. | Syria Trading Oil Company (Sytrol) | State-owned company responsible for all oil exports from Syria. Provides financial support to the regime. | ||
| 28. | General Petroleum Corporation (GPC) | State-owned oil company. Provides financial support to the regime. | ||
| 29. | Al Furat Petroleum Company | Joint venture 50 % owned by GPC. Provides financial support to the regime. | ||
| 30. | Industrial Bank | |||
| 31. | Popular Credit Bank | |||
| 32. | Saving Bank | |||
| 33. | Agricultural Cooperative Bank | |||
| 34. | ||||
| 35. | Joint venture of GPC. Provides financial support to the regime. | |||
| 36. | Ebla Petroleum Company | Joint venture of GPC. Provides financial support to the regime. | ||
| 37. | Dijla Petroleum Company | Joint venture of GPC. Provides financial support to the regime. |
A. Competent authorities in each Member State: BELGIUM http://www.diplomatie.be/eusanctions BULGARIA http://www.mfa.bg/en/pages/view/5519 CZECH REPUBLIC http://www.mfcr.cz/mezinarodnisankce DENMARK http://www.um.dk/da/menu/Udenrigspolitik/FredSikkerhedOgInternationalRetsorden/Sanktioner/ GERMANY http://www.bmwi.de/BMWi/Navigation/Aussenwirtschaft/Aussenwirtschaftsrecht/embargos.html ESTONIA http://www.vm.ee/est/kat_622/ IRELAND http://www.dfa.ie/home/index.aspx?id=28519 GREECE http://www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/en-US/Policy/Multilateral+Diplomacy/Global+Issues/International+Sanctions/ SPAIN http://www.maec.es/es/MenuPpal/Asuntos/Sanciones%20Internacionales/Paginas/Sanciones_%20Internacionales.aspx FRANCE http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/autorites-sanctions/ ITALY http://www.esteri.it/MAE/IT/Politica_Europea/Deroghe.htm CYPRUS http://www.mfa.gov.cy/sanctions LATVIA http://www.mfa.gov.lv/en/security/4539 LITHUANIA http://www.urm.lt/sanctions LUXEMBOURG http://www.mae.lu/sanctions HUNGARY http://www.kulugyminiszterium.hu/kum/hu/bal/Kulpolitikank/nemzetkozi_szankciok/ MALTA http://www.doi.gov.mt/EN/bodies/boards/sanctions_monitoring.asp NETHERLANDS http://www.minbuza.nl/sancties AUSTRIA http://www.bmeia.gv.at/view.php3?f_id=12750&LNG=en&version= POLAND http://www.msz.gov.pl PORTUGAL http://www.min-nestrangeiros.pt ROMANIA http://www.mae.ro/node/1548 SLOVENIA http://www.mzz.gov.si/si/zunanja_politika/mednarodna_varnost/omejevalni_ukrepi/ SLOVAKIA http://www.foreign.gov.sk FINLAND http://formin.finland.fi/kvyhteistyo/pakotteet SWEDEN http://www.ud.se/sanktioner UNITED KINGDOM www.fco.gov.uk/competentauthorities
B. Address for communication with the European Commission: European Commission Service for Foreign Policy Instruments CHAR 12/106 B-1049 Bruxelles/Brussel Belgium E-mail: relex-sanctions@ec.europa.eu Tel.: +(32 2) 295 55 85
| HS Code | Description |
|---|---|
| Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude. | |
| Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, other than crude; preparations not elsewhere specified or included, containing by weight 70 % or more of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils (save that the purchase, in Syria, of kerosene jet fuel of CN code | |
| Petroleum jelly; paraffin wax, microcrystalline petroleum wax, slack wax, ozokerite, lignite wax, peat wax, other mineral waxes, and similar products obtained by synthesis or by other processes, whether or not coloured. | |
| Petroleum coke, petroleum bitumen and other residues of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals. | |
| Bitumen and asphalt, natural; bituminous or oil-shale and tar sands; asphaltites and asphaltic rocks. | |
| Bituminous mixtures based on natural asphalt, on natural bitumen, on petroleum bitumen, on mineral tar or on mineral tar pitch (for example, bituminous mastics, cut-backs). |
(a) equipment, technology or software which are specified in Annex I to Council Regulation (EC) 428/2009 Council Regulation (EC) No 428/2009 of 5 May 2009 setting up a Community regime for the control of exports, transfer, brokering and transit of dual-use items (OJ L 134, 29.5.2009, p. 1 ).(b) software which is designed for installation by the user without further substantial support by the supplier and which is generally available to the public by being sold from stock at retail selling points, without restriction, by means of: (i) over the counter transactions; (ii) mail order transactions; (iii) electronic transactions; or (iv) telephone order transactions; or
(c) software which is in the public domain.
A. List of equipment Deep Packet Inspection equipment Network Interception equipment including Interception Management Equipment (IMS) and Data Retention Link Intelligence equipment Radio Frequency monitoring equipment Network and Satellite jamming equipment Remote Infection equipment Speaker recognition/processing equipment IMSI IMSI stands for International Mobile Subscriber Identity. It is a unique identification code for each mobile telephony device, integrated in the SIM card and which allows identification of such SIM via GSM and UMTS networks.MSISDN stands for Mobile Subscriber Integrated Services Digital Network Number. It is a number uniquely identifying a subscription in a GSM or a UMTS mobile network. Simply put, it is the telephone number to the SIM card in a mobile phone and therefore it identifies a mobile subscriber as well as IMSI, but to route calls through him.IMEI stands for International Mobile Equipment Identity. It is a number, usually unique to identify GSM, WCDMA and IDEN mobile phones as well as some satellite phones. It is usually found printed inside the battery compartment of the phone. interception (wiretapping) can be specified by its IMEI number as well as IMSI and MSISDN.TMSI stands for Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity. It is the identity that is most commonly sent between the mobile and the network.Tactical SMS SMS stands for Short Message System.GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communications.GPS stands for Global Positioning System.GPRS stands for General Package Radio Service.UMTS stands for Universal Mobile Telecommunication System.CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access.PSTN stands for Public Switch Telephone Networks.DHCP DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.GTP stands for GPRS Tunnelling Protocol.Pattern Recognition and Pattern Profiling equipment Remote Forensics equipment Semantic Processing Engine equipment WEP and WPA code breaking equipment Interception equipment for VoIP proprietary and standard protocol
B. Not used C. Not used D. "Software" for the "development", "production" or "use" of the equipment specified in A above. E. "Technology" for the "development", "production" or "use" of the equipment specified in A above.
a. Plate-fin heat exchangers with a surface/volume ratio greater than 500 m 2 /m3 , specially designed for pre-cooling of natural gas;b. Coil-wound heat exchangers specially designed for liquefaction or sub-cooling of natural gas.
a. Stainless steels with 23 % chromium or more by weight; b. Stainless steels and nickel bases alloys with a "Pitting resistance equivalent" number higher than 33.
a. fixed roof tanks; b. floating roof tanks.
a. Single metal (platinum group) on alumina type or on zeolite, specially designed for catalytic reforming process; b. Mixed metal species (platinum in combination with other noble metals) on alumina type or on zeolite, specially designed for catalytic reforming process; c. Cobalt and nickel catalysts doped with molybdenum on alumina type or on zeolite, specially designed for catalytic desulphurisation process; d. Palladium, nickel, chromium and tungsten catalysts on alumina type or on zeolite, specially designed for catalytic hydrocracking process.
6.1. "Technology" for conversion of light olefin to gasoline; 6.2. Catalytic reforming and isomerisation technology; 6.3. Catalytic and thermal cracking technology.
| Steam turbines of an output exceeding 40 MW. | |
| Gas turbines of an output exceeding | |
| All electric motors and generators of an output exceeding 3 MW or |