Commission Directive 2008/84/EC of 27 August 2008 laying down specific purity criteria on food additives other than colours and sweeteners (Codified version) (Text with EEA relevance)
Modified by
- Commission Directive 2009/10/ECof 13 February 2009amending Directive 2008/84/EC laying down specific purity criteria on food additives other than colours and sweeteners(Text with EEA relevance), 32009L0010, February 14, 2009
- Commission Directive 2010/67/EUof 20 October 2010amending Directive 2008/84/EC laying down specific purity criteria on food additives other than colours and sweeteners(Text with EEA relevance), 32010L0067, October 21, 2010
- Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012of 9 March 2012laying down specifications for food additives listed in Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council(Text with EEA relevance), 32012R0231, March 22, 2012
| Chemical name | Sorbic acid |
| Trans, trans-2,4-hexadienoic acid | |
| Einecs | 203-768-7 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Colourless needles or white free flowing powder, having a slight characteristic odour and showing no change in colour after heating for 90 minutes at 105 | |
| Between 133 | |
| An isopropanol solution (1 in | |
| 80 | |
| Water content | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Aldehydes | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium sorbate |
| Potassium (E, E)-2,4-hexadienoate | |
| Potassium salt of trans, trans 2,4-hexadienoic acid | |
| Einecs | 246-376-1 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the dried basis |
| White crystalline powder showing no change in colour after heating for 90 minutes at 105 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Acidity or alkalinity | Not more than about |
| Aldehydes | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium sorbate |
| Calcium salts of trans, trans-2,4-hexadienoic acid | |
| Einecs | 231-321-6 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the dried basis |
| Fine white crystalline powder not showing any change in colour after heating at 105 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Aldehydes | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Benzoic acid |
| Benzenecarboxylic acid | |
| Phenylcarboxylic acid | |
| Einecs | 200-618-2 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White crystalline powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| pH | About 4 (solution in water) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Chlorinated organic compounds | Not more than |
| Readily oxidisable substances | Add |
| Readily carbonisable substances | A cold solution of |
| Polycyclic acids | On fractional acidification of a neutralised solution of benzoic acid, the first precipitate must not have a different melting point from that of the benzoic acid |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium benzoate |
| Sodium salt of benzenecarboxylic acid | |
| Sodium salt of phenylcarboxylic acid | |
| Einecs | 208-534-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than 99 % of C |
| A white, almost odourless, crystalline powder or granules | |
| Freely soluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol | |
| Melting range of benzoic acid isolated by acidification and not recrystallised | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Readily oxidisable substances | Add |
| Polycyclic acids | On fractional acidification of a (neutralised) solution of sodium benzoate, the first precipitate must not have a different melting range from that of benzoic acid |
| Chlorinated organic compounds | Not more than |
| Degree of acidity or alkalinity | Neutralisation of 1 g of sodium benzoate, in the presence of phenolphthalein, must not require more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium benzoate |
| Potassium salt of benzenecarboxylic acid | |
| Potassium salt of phenylcarboxylic acid | |
| Einecs | 209-481-3 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % C |
| White crystalline powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Chlorinated organic compounds | Not more than |
| Readily oxidisable substances | Add |
| Readily carbonisable substances | A cold solution of |
| Polycyclic acids | On fractional acidification of a (neutralised) solution of potassium benzoate, the first precipitate must not have a different melting range from that of benzoic acid |
| Degree of acidity or alkalinity | Neutralisation of 1 g of potassium benzoate, in the presence of phenolphthalein, must not require more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Monocalcium benzoate | ||
| Chemical name | Calcium benzoate | |
| Calcium dibenzoate | ||
| Einecs | 218-235-4 | |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: | C |
| Monohydrate: | C | |
| Trihydrate: | C | |
| Molecular weight | Anhydrous: | |
| Monohydrate: | ||
| Trihydrate: | ||
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % after drying at 105 | |
| White or colourless crystals, or white powder | ||
| Loss on drying | Not more than | |
| Water insoluble matter | Not more than | |
| Chlorinated organic compounds | Not more than | |
| Readily oxidisable substances | Add | |
| Readily carbonisable substances | Cold solution of | |
| Polycyclic acids | On fractional acidification of a (neutralised) solution of calcium benzoate, the first precipitate must not be a different melting range from that of benzoic acid | |
| Degree of acidity or alkalinity | Neutralisation of 1 g of calcium benzoate, in the presence of phenolphthalein, must not require more than | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Ethylparaben | |
| Ethyl | |
| Chemical name | Ethyl- |
| Ethyl ester of | |
| Einecs | 204-399-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Almost odourless, small, colourless crystals or a white, crystalline powder | |
| 115 | |
| Melting range of | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium ethyl |
| Sodium compound of the ethyl ester of | |
| Einecs | 252-487-6 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content of ethylester of |
| White, crystalline hygroscopic powder | |
| 115 | |
| Melting range of | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 5 %, determined by vacuum drying in a sulphuric acid desiccator |
| Sulphated ash | 37 to 39 % |
| Not more than | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Methylparaben | |
| Methyl- | |
| Chemical name | Methyl |
| Methyl ester of | |
| Einecs | 243-171-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % after drying for two hours at 80 |
| Almost odourless, small colourless crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| 125 | |
| Melting range of | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium methyl |
| Sodium compound of the methylester of | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, hygroscopic powder | |
| Water content | Not more than 5 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Sulphated ash | 40 % to |
| Not more than | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sulphur dioxide |
| Sulphurous acid anhydride | |
| Einecs | 231-195-2 |
| Chemical formula | SO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % |
| Colourless, non-flammable gas with strong pungent suffocating odour | |
| Water content | Not more than |
| Non-volatile residue | Not more than |
| Sulphur trioxide | Not more than |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Other gases not normally present in the air | No trace |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium sulphite (anhydrous or heptahydrate) | |
| Einecs | 231-821-4 | |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: | Na |
| Heptahydrate: | Na | |
| Molecular weight | Anhydrous: | |
| Heptahydrate: | ||
| Assay | Anhydrous: | Not less than 95 % of Na |
| Heptahydrate: | Not less than 48 % of Na | |
| White crystalline powder or colourless crystals | ||
| Thiosulphate | Not more than | |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg based on the SO | |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Chemical name | Sodium bisulphite |
| Sodium hydrogen sulphite | |
| Einecs | 231-921-4 |
| Chemical formula | NaHSO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 32 % w/w NaHSO |
| A clear, colourless to yellow solution | |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg of Na |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Pyrosulphite | |
| Sodium pyrosulphite | |
| Chemical name | Sodium disulphite |
| Disodium pentaoxodisulphate | |
| Einecs | 231-673-0 |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % Na |
| White crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Thiosulphate | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Potassium pyrosulphite | |
| Chemical name | Potassium disulphite |
| Potassium pentaoxo disulphate | |
| Einecs | 240-795-3 |
| Chemical formula | K |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 90 % of K |
| Colourless crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| Thiosulphate | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium sulphite |
| Einecs | 218-235-4 |
| Chemical formula | CaSO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of CaSO |
| White crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium bisulphite |
| Calcium hydrogen sulphite | |
| Einecs | 237-423-7 |
| Chemical formula | Ca(HSO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | 6 to 8 % (w/v) of sulphur dioxide and |
| Clear greenish-yellow aqueous solution having a distinct odour of sulphur dioxide | |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium bisulphite |
| Potassium hydrogen sulphite | |
| Einecs | 231-870-1 |
| Chemical formula | KHSO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 280 g KHSO |
| Clear colourless aqueous solution | |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Selenium | Not more than 10 mg/kg based on the SO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Diphenyl | |
| Chemical name | 1,1′-biphenyl |
| Phenylbenzene | |
| Einecs | 202-163-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White or pale yellow to amber crystalline solid having a characteristic odour | |
| It distils completely within a | |
| Benzene | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Aromatic amines | Not more than 2 mg/kg (as aniline) |
| Phenol derivatives | Not more than 5 mg/kg (as phenol) |
| Readily carbonisable substances | Cold solution of |
| Terphenyl and higher polyphenyl derivatives | Not more than |
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | Absent |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Orthoxenol | |
| Chemical name | (1,1'-Biphenyl)-2-ol |
| 2-Hydroxydiphenyl | |
| Einecs | 201-993-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % |
| White or slightly yellowish crystalline powder | |
| 56 | |
| An ethanolic solution (1 g in 10 ml) produces a green colour on addition of 10 % ferric chloride solution | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Diphenyl ether | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| 1-Naphthol | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Sodium orthophenylphenate | |
| Sodium salt of | |
| Chemical name | Sodium orthophenylphenol |
| Einecs | 205-055-6 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 97 % of C |
| White or slightly yellowish crystalline powder | |
| Diphenylether | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| 1-naphthol | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | 4-(2-benzimidazolyl)thiazole |
| 2-(4-thiazolyl)-1H-benzimidazole | |
| Einecs | 205-725-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White, or almost white, odourless powder | |
| 296 | |
| Absorption maxima in | |
| at 302 nm ± 2 nm: approximately | |
| at 258 nm ± 2 nm: approximately 200 | |
| at 243 nm ± 2 nm: approximately 620 | |
| Ratio of absorption 243 nm/302 nm = | |
| Ratio of absorption 258 nm/302 nm = | |
| Water content | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Selenium | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Nisin consists of several closely related polypeptides produced during the fermentation of a milk or sugar medium by certain natural strains of | |
| 215-807-5 | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Nisin concentrate contains not less than 900 units per mg in a mixture of non-fat milk proteins or fermented solids and a minimum sodium chloride content of 50 % |
| Description | White powder |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 3 % when dried to constant weight at 102 °C to 103 °C |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Pimaricin | |
| Natamycin is a fungicide of the polyene macrolide group, and is produced by natural strains of | |
| Einecs | 231-683-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White to creamy-white crystalline powder | |
| |
| A | |
| [α] | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 8 % (over P |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Microbiological criteria: total viable count | Not more than 100/g |
| Hexamine | |
| Methenamine | |
| Chemical name | 1,3,5,7-Tetraazatricyclo [3.3.1.1 |
| Einecs | 202-905-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Colourless or white crystalline powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Sulphates | Not more than |
| Chlorides | Not more than |
| Ammonium salts | Not detectable |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| DMDC | |
| Dimethyl pyrocarbonate | |
| Chemical name | Dimethyl dicarbonate |
| Pyrocarbonic acid dimethyl ester | |
| Einecs | 224-859-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless liquid, decomposes in aqueous solution. It is corrosive to skin and eyes and toxic by inhalation and ingestion | |
| After dilution positive tests for CO | |
| 17 | |
| Boiling point | 172 |
| Approximately | |
| Maxima at | |
| Dimethyl carbonate | Not more than |
| Chlorine, total | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium nitrite |
| Einecs | 231-832-4 |
| Chemical formula | KNO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White or slightly yellow, deliquescent granules | |
| Not less than | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 3 % after drying for four hours over silica gel |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium nitrite |
| Einecs | 231-555-9 |
| Chemical formula | NaNO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 97 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White crystalline powder or yellowish lumps | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chile saltpetre | |
| Cubic or soda nitre | |
| Chemical name | Sodium nitrate |
| Einecs | 231-554-3 |
| Chemical formula | NaNO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % after drying |
| White crystalline, slightly hygroscopic powder | |
| Not less than | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 2 % after drying at 105 |
| Nitrites | Not more than 30 mg/kg expressed as NaNO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Liquid sodium nitrate is an aqueous solution of sodium nitrate as the direct result of the chemical reaction between sodium hydroxide and nitric acid in stoechiometric amounts, without subsequent crystallisation. Standardised forms prepared from liquid sodium nitrate meeting these specifications may contain nitric acid in excessive amounts, if clearly stated or labelled. | |
| Chemical name | Sodium nitrate |
| Einecs | 231-554-3 |
| Chemical formula | NaNO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content between |
| Clear colourless liquid | |
| Not less than | |
| Free nitric acid | Not more than |
| Nitrites | Not more than 10 mg/kg expressed as NaNO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| This specification refers to a 35 % aqueous solution |
| Chemical name | Potassium nitrate |
| Einecs | 231-818-8 |
| Chemical formula | KNO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White crystalline powder or transparent prisms having a cooling, saline, pungent taste | |
| Not less than | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 1 % after drying at 105 |
| Nitrites | Not more than 20 mg/kg expressed as KNO |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Acetic acid |
| Ethanoic acid | |
| Einecs | 200-580-7 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Clear, colourless liquid having a pungent, characteristic odour | |
| 118 | |
| About | |
| Not lower than | |
| Non-volatile residue | Not more than 100 mg/kg |
| Formic acid, formates and other oxidisable substances | Not more than |
| Readily oxidisable substances | Dilute 2 ml of the sample in a glass-stoppered container with 10 ml of water and add |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium acetate |
| Einecs | 204-822-2 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Colourless, deliquescent crystals or a white crystalline powder, odourless or with a faint acetic odour | |
| Not less than | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 8 % after drying at 150 |
| Formic acid, formates and other oxidisable substances | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium acetate | |
| Einecs | 204-823-8 | |
| Chemical formula | C | |
| Molecular weight | Anhydrous: | |
| Trihydrate: | ||
| Assay | Content (for both of anhydrous and trihydrate form) not less than | |
| Anhydrous: | White, odourless, granular, hygroscopic powder | |
| Trihydrate: | Colourless, transparent crystals or a granular crystalline powder, odourless or with a faint, acetic odour. Effloresces in warm, dry air | |
| Not less than | ||
| Loss on drying | Anhydrous: | Not more than 2 % (120 |
| Trihydrate: | Between 36 and 42 % (120 | |
| Formic acid, formates and other oxidisable substances | Not more than | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Sodium diacetate is a molecular compound of sodium acetate and acetic acid | |
| Chemical name | Sodium hydrogen diacetate |
| Einecs | 204-814-9 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content 39 to 41 % of free acetic acid and 58 to 60 % of sodium acetate |
| White, hygroscopic crystalline solid with an acetic odour | |
| Not less than | |
| Water content | Not more than 2 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Formic acid, formates and other oxidisable substances | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium acetate | |
| Einecs | 200-540-9 | |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: | C |
| Monohydrate: | C | |
| Molecular weight | Anhydrous: | |
| Monohydrate: | ||
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the anhydrous basis | |
| Anhydrous calcium acetate is a white, hygroscopic, bulky, crystalline solid with a slightly bitter taste. A slight odour of acetic acid may be present. The monohydrate may be needles, granules or powder | ||
| Not less than | ||
| Loss on drying | Not more than 11 % after drying (155 | |
| Water insoluble matter | Not more than | |
| Formic acid, formates and other oxidisable substances | Not more than | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Chemical name | Lactic acid |
| 2-Hydroxypropionic acid | |
| 1-Hydroxyethane-1-carboxylic acid | |
| Einecs | 200-018-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 76 % and not more than 84 % |
| Colourless or yellowish, nearly odourless, syrupy liquid with an acid taste, consisting of a mixture of lactic acid (C | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Sulphate | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Propionic acid |
| Propanoic acid | |
| Einecs | 201-176-3 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless or slightly yellowish, oily liquid with a slightly pungent odour | |
| - 22 | |
| Non-volatile residue | Not more than |
| Aldehydes | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium propionate |
| Sodium propanoate | |
| Einecs | 205-290-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % after drying for two hours at 105 |
| White crystalline hygroscopic powder, or a fine white powder | |
| Not less than | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 4 % determined by drying for two hours at 105 |
| Water insolubles | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium propionate |
| Einecs | 223-795-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 %, after drying for two hours at 105 |
| White crystalline powder | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 4 %, determined by drying for two hours at 105 |
| Water insolubles | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium propionate |
| Potassium propanoate | |
| Einecs | 206-323-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % after drying for two hours at 105 |
| White crystalline powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 4 %, determined by drying for two hours at 105 |
| Water-insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Boracic acid | |
| Orthoboric acid | |
| Borofax | |
| Einecs | 233-139-2 |
| Chemical formula | H |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless, odourless, transparent crystals or white granules or powder; slightly unctuous to the touch; occurs in nature as the mineral sassolite | |
| At approximately 171 | |
| Between | |
| Peroxides | No colour develops with added KI-solution |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Sodium borate | |
| Chemical name | Sodium tetraborate |
| Sodium biborate | |
| Sodium pyroborate | |
| Anhydrous tetraborate | |
| Einecs | 215-540-4 |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Na | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Powder or glass-like plates becoming opaque on exposure to air; slowly soluble in water | |
| Between 171 | |
| Peroxides | No colour develops with added KI-solution |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Carbonic acid gas | |
| Dry ice (solid form) | |
| Carbonic anhydride | |
| Chemical name | Carbon dioxide |
| Einecs | 204-696-9 |
| Chemical formula | CO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % v/v on the gaseous basis |
| A colourless gas under normal environmental conditions with a slight pungent odour. Commercial carbon dioxide is shipped and handled as a liquid in pressurised cylinders or bulk storage systems, or in compressed solid blocks of "dry ice". Solid (dry ice) forms usually contain added substances, such as propylene glycol or mineral oil, as binders | |
| When a stream of the sample is passed through a solution of barium hydroxide, a white precipitate is produced which dissolves with effervescence in dilute acetic acid | |
| Acidity | 915 ml of gas bubbled through 50 ml of freshly boiled water must not render the latter more acid to methylorange than is 50 ml freshly boiled water to which has been added 1 ml of hydrochloric acid ( |
| Reducing substances, hydrogen phosphide and sulphide | 915 ml of gas bubbled through 25 ml of ammoniacal silver nitrate reagent to which has been added 3 ml of ammonia must not cause clouding or blackening of this solution |
| Carbon monoxide | Not more than 10 μl/l |
| Oil content | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| DL-Malic acid, pomalous acid | |
| Chemical name | DL-Malic acid, hydroxybutanedioic acid, hydroxysuccinic acid |
| Einecs | 230-022-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White or nearly white crystalline powder or granules | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Fumaric acid | Not more than |
| Maleic acid | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Trans-butenedioic acid, trans-1,2-ethylene-dicarboxylic acid |
| Einecs | 203-743-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White crystalline powder or granules | |
| 286 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Maleic acid | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | L-ascorbic acid |
| Ascorbic acid | |
| 2,3-Didehydro-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone | |
| 3-Keto-L-gulofuranolactone | |
| Einecs | 200-066-2 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Ascorbic acid, after drying in a vacuum desiccator over sulphuric acid for 24 hours, contains not less than 99 % of C |
| White to pale yellow, odourless crystalline solid | |
| Between 189 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Specific rotation | [α] |
| pH of a 2 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium ascorbate |
| Sodium L-ascorbate | |
| 2,3-Didehydro-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone sodium enolate | |
| 3-Keto-L-gulofurano-lactone sodium enolate | |
| Einecs | 205-126-1 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Sodium ascorbate, after drying in a vacuum desiccator over sulphuric acid for 24 hours, contains not less than 99 % of C |
| White or almost white, odourless crystalline solid which darkens on exposure to light | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Specific rotation | [α] |
| pH of 10 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium ascorbate dihydrate |
| Calcium salt of 2,3-didehydro-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone dihydrate | |
| Einecs | 227-261-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on a volatile matter-free basis |
| White to slightly pale greyish-yellow odourless crystalline powder | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Specific rotation | [α] |
| pH of 10 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Volatile matter | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Ascorbyl palmitate |
| L-ascorbyl palmitate | |
| 2,3-didehydro-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone-6-palmitate | |
| 6-palmitoyl-3-keto-L-gulofuranolactone | |
| Einecs | 205-305-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the dried basis |
| White or yellowish-white solid with a citrus-like odour | |
| Between 107 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Specific rotation | [α] |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Ascorbyl stearate |
| L-ascorbyl stearate | |
| 2,3-didehydro-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone-6-stearate | |
| 6-stearoyl-3-keto-L-gulofuranolactone | |
| Einecs | 246-944-9 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % |
| White or yellowish, white solid with a citrus-like odour | |
| About 116 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Product obtained by the vacuum steam distillation of edible vegetable oil products, comprising concentrated tocopherols and tocotrienols | |
| Contains tocopherols such as d-α-, d-β-, d-γ- and d-ς-tocopherols | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 34 % of total tocopherols |
| Brownish red to red, clear, viscous oil having a mild, characteristic odour and taste. May show a slight separation of wax-like constituents in microcrystalline form | |
| Insoluble in water. Soluble in ethanol. Miscible in ether | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Specific rotation | [α] |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| DL-α-Tocopherol | |
| Chemical name | DL-5,7,8-Trimethyltocol |
| DL-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4′,8′,12′-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol | |
| Einecs | 233-466-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 96 % |
| Slightly yellow to amber, nearly odourless, clear, viscous oil which oxidises and darkens on exposure to air or light | |
| Insoluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol, miscible in ether | |
| In absolute ethanol the maximum absorption is about 292 nm | |
| Refractive index | n |
| Specific absorption in ethanol | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Specific rotation | [α] |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| dl-γ-Tocopherol | |
| Chemical name | 2,7,8-trimethyl-2-(4′,8′,12′-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol |
| Einecs | 231-523-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 97 % |
| Clear, viscous, pale yellow oil which oxidises and darkens on exposure to air or light | |
| Maximum absorptions in absolute ethanol at about 298 nm and 257 nm | |
| Specific absorption in ethanol | (298 nm) between 91 and 97 |
| (257 nm) between | |
| Refractive index |
|
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | 2,8-dimethyl-2-(4′,8′,12′-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol |
| Einecs | 204-299-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 97 % |
| Clear, viscous, pale yellowish or orange oil which oxidises and darkens on exposure to air or light | |
| Maximum absorptions in absolute ethanol at about 298 nm and 257 nm | |
| Specific absorption in ethanol | (298 nm) between 89 and 95 |
| (257 nm) between | |
| Refractive index |
|
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Propyl gallate |
| Propyl ester of gallic acid | |
| n-propyl ester of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| Einecs | 204-498-2 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White to creamy-white, crystalline, odourless solid | |
| Slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol, ether and propane-1,2-diol | |
| Between 146 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Free acid | Not more than |
| Chlorinated organic compound | Not more than 100 mg/kg (as C1) |
| Specific absorption in ethanol | (275 nm) not less than 485 and not more than 520 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Octyl gallate |
| Octyl ester of gallic acid | |
| n-octyl ester of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| Einecs | 213-853-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % after drying at 90 |
| White to creamy-white odourless solid | |
| Insoluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol, ether and propane-1,2-diol | |
| Between 99 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Free acid | Not more than |
| Chlorinated organic compound | Not more than 100 mg/kg (as C1) |
| Specific absorption in ethanol | (275 nm) not less than 375 and not more than 390 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Lauryl gallate | |
| Chemical name | Dodecyl gallate |
| n-dodecyl (or lauryl) ester of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| Dodecyl ester of gallic acid | |
| Einecs | 214-620-6 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % after drying at 90 |
| White or creamy-white odourless solid | |
| Insoluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol and ether | |
| Between 95 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Free acid | Not more than |
| Chlorinated organic compound | Not more than 100 mg/kg (as Cl) |
| Specific absorption in ethanol | (275 nm) not less than 300 and not more than 325 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Isoascorbic acid | |
| D-Araboascorbic acid | |
| Chemical name | D-Erythro-hex-2-enoic acid γ-lactone |
| Isoascorbic acid | |
| D-Isoascorbic acid | |
| Einecs | 201-928-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White to slightly yellow crystalline solid which darkens gradually on exposure to light | |
| About 164 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Specific rotation | [α]10 % (w/v) aqueous solution between - |
| Oxalate | To a solution of 1 g in 10 ml of water add 2 drops of glacial acetic acid and 5 ml of 10 % calcium acetate solution. The solution should remain clear |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Sodium isoascorbate | |
| Chemical name | Sodium isoascorbate |
| Sodium D-isoascorbic acid | |
| Sodium salt of 2,3-didehydro-D-erythro-hexono-1,4-lactone | |
| 3-keto-D-gulofurano-lactone sodium enolate monohydrate | |
| Einecs | 228-973-9 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % after drying in a vacuum desiccator over sulphuric acid for 24 hours expressed on the monohydrate basis |
| White crystalline solid | |
| Freely soluble in water, very slightly soluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Specific rotation | [α]10 % (w/v) aqueous solution between + 95 |
| pH of a 10 % aqueous solution | |
| Oxalate | To a solution of 1 g in 10 ml of water add 2 drops of glacial acetic acid and 5 ml of 10 % calcium acetate solution. The solution should remain clear |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| TBHQ | |
| Chemical names | Tert-butyl-1,4-benzenediol |
| 2-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-1,4-benzenediol | |
| Einecs | 217-752-2 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % of C |
| White crystalline solid having a characteristic odour | |
| Practically insoluble in water; soluble in ethanol | |
| Not less than | |
| Dissolve about 5 mg of the sample in 10 ml of methanol and add | |
| Tertiary-Butyl-p-benzoquinone | Not more than |
| 2,5-Di-tertiary-butyl hydroquinone | Not more than |
| Hydroxyquinone | Not more than |
| Toluene | Not more than 25 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| BHA | |
| Chemical names | 3-Tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole |
| A mixture of 2-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole and 3-tertiary-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole | |
| Einecs | 246-563-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Formula weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White or slightly yellow crystals or waxy solid with a slight aromatic smell | |
| Insoluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol | |
| Between 48 °C and 63 °C | |
| Passes test for phenol groups | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Phenolic impurities | Not more than |
| Specific absorption | (290 nm) not less than 190 and not more than 210 |
| Specific absorption | (228 nm) not less than 326 and not more than 345 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| BHT | |
| Chemical name | 2,6-Ditertiary-butyl- |
| 4-Methyl-2,6-ditertiarybutylphenol | |
| Einecs | 204-881-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % |
| White, crystalline or flaked solid, odourless or having a characteristic faint aromatic odour | |
| Insoluble in water and propane- 1,2-diol | |
| Freely soluble in ethanol | |
| At 70 | |
| The absorption in the range 230 to 320 nm of a 2 cm layer of a 1 in | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Phenolic impurities | Not more than |
| Specific absorption in ethanol | (278 nm) not less than 81 and not more than 88 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Phosphatides | |
| Phospholipids | |
| Lecithins are mixtures or fractions of phosphatides obtained by physical procedures from animal or vegetable foodstuffs; they also include hydrolysed products obtained through the use of harmless and appropriate enzymes. The final product must not show any signs of residual enzyme activity The lecithins may be slightly bleached in aqueous medium by means of hydrogen peroxide. This oxidation must not chemically modify the lecithin phosphatides | |
| Einecs | 232-307-2 |
| Assay |
|
| |
| |
| |
| To a 800 ml beaker add 500 ml of water (30 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Toluene-insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Acid value |
|
| |
| Peroxide value | Equal to or less than 10 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium lactate |
| Sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate | |
| Einecs | 200-772-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 57 % and not more than 66 % |
| Colourless, transparent, liquid. Odourless, or with a slight, characteristic odour | |
| Acidity | Not more than |
| pH of a 20 % aqueous solution | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Reducing substances | No reduction of Fehling's solution |
| Cheminal name | Potassium lactate |
| Potassium 2-hydroxypropanoate | |
| Einecs | 213-631-3 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 57 % and not more than 66 % |
| Slightly viscous, almost odourless clear liquid. Odourless, or with a slight, characteristic odour | |
| Ignite potassium lactate solution to an ash. The ash is alkaline, and an effervescence occurs when acid is added | |
| Overlay 2 ml of potassium lactate solution on 5 ml of a 1 in 100 solution of catechol in sulphuric acid. A deep red colour is produced at the zone of contact | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Acidity | Dissolve 1 g of potassium lactate solution in 20 ml of water, add 3 drops of phenolphthalein TS and titrate with |
| Reducing substances | Potassium lactate solution shall not cause any reduction of Fehling's solution |
| Chemical name | Calcium dilactate |
| Calcium dilactate hydrate | |
| 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid calcium salt | |
| Einecs | 212-406-7 |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Almost odourless, white crystalline powder or granules | |
| Soluble in water and practically insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Determined by drying at 120 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Acidity | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| pH of a 5 % solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Reducing substances | No reduction of Fehling's solution |
| Chemical name | Citric acid |
| 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| β-Hydroxytricarballytic acid | |
| Einecs | 201-069-1 |
| Chemical formula |
|
| |
| Molecular weight |
|
| |
| Assay | Citric acid may be anhydrous or it may contain 1 molecule of water. Citric acid contains not less than |
| Citric acid is a white or colourless, odourless, crystalline solid, having a strongly acid taste. The monohydrate effloresces in dry air | |
| Very soluble in water; freely soluble in ethanol; soluble in ether | |
| Water content | Anhydrous citric acid contains not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg, expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| Readily carbonisable substances | Heat 1 g of powdered sample with 10 ml of 98 % minimum sulphuric acid in a water bath at 90 |
| Chemical name | Monosodium citrate |
| Monosodium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| Chemical formula |
|
| |
| Molecular weight |
|
| |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Crystalline white powder or colourless crystals | |
| Loss on drying |
|
| |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| pH of a 1 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Disodium citrate |
| Disodium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| Disodium salt of citric acid with | |
| Einecs | 205-623-3 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Crystalline white powder or colourless crystals | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| pH of a 1 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Trisodium citrate | |
| Trisodium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | ||
| Trisodium salt of citric acid, in anhydrous, dihydrate or pentahydrate form | ||
| Einecs | 200-675-3 | |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: | C |
| Hydrated: | C | |
| Molecular weight | ||
| Assay | Not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis | |
| Crystalline white powder or colourless crystals | ||
| Loss on drying | Determined by drying at 180 | |
|
not more than | |
|
not more than | |
|
not more than | |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying | |
| pH of a 5 % aqueous solution | Between | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Chemical name | Monopotassium citrate |
| Monopotassium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| Anhydrous monopotassium salt of citric acid | |
| Einecs | 212-753-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White, hygroscopic, granular powder or transparent crystals | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| pH of a 1 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Tripotassium citrate |
| Tripotassium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| Monohydrated tripotassium salt of citric acid | |
| Einecs | 212-755-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White, hygroscopic, granular powder or transparent crystals | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| pH of a 5 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Monocalcium citrate |
| Monocalcium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| Monohydrate monocalcium salt of citric acid | |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Fine white powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| pH of a 1 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Carbonates | Dissolving 1 g of calcium citrate in 10 ml 2 N hydrochloric acid must not liberate more than a few isolated bubbles |
| Chemical name | Dicalcium citrate |
| Dicalcium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| Trihydrated dicalcium salt of citric acid | |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than |
| Fine white powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Carbonates | Dissolving 1 g of calcium citrate in 10 ml 2 N hydrochloric acid must not liberate more than a few isolated bubbles |
| Chemical name | Tricalcium citrate |
| Tricalcium salt of 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid | |
| Tetrahydrated tricalcium salt of citric acid | |
| Einecs | 212-391-7 |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than |
| Fine white powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Carbonates | Dissolving 1 g of calcium citrate in 10 ml 2 N hydrochloric acid must not liberate more than a few isolated bubbles |
| Chemical name | L-tartaric acid |
| L-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid | |
| d-α, β-dihydroxysuccinic acid | |
| Einecs | 201-766-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless or translucent crystalline solid or white crystalline powder | |
| Between 168 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Specific optical rotation of a 20 % w/v aqueous solution | [α] |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| Monosodium salt of L-(+)-tartaric acid | |
| Chemical name | Monosodium salt of L-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid |
| Monohydrated monosodium salt of L-(+)-tartaric acid | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Transparent colourless crystals | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Disodium L-tartrate |
| Disodium (+)-tartrate | |
| Disodium (+)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid | |
| Dihydrated disodium salt of L-(+)-tartaric acid | |
| Einecs | 212-773-3 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Transparent, colourless crystals | |
| 1 gram is insoluble in 3 ml of water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| pH of a 1 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Monobasic potassium tartrate | |
| Chemical name | Anhydrous monopotassium salt of L-(+)-tartaric acid |
| Monopotassium salt of L-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White crystalline or granulated powder | |
| 230 | |
| pH of a 1 % aqueous solution | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Dibasic potassium tartrate | |
| Chemical name | Dipotassium salt of L-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid |
| Dipotassium salt with half a molecule of water of L-(+)-tartaric acid | |
| Einecs | 213-067-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White crystalline or granulated powder | |
| pH of a 1 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Potassium sodium L-(+)-tartrate | |
| Rochelle salt | |
| Seignette salt | |
| Chemical name | Potassium sodium salt of L-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid |
| Potassium sodium L-(+)-tartrate | |
| Einecs | 206-156-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Colourless crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| 1 gram is soluble in 1 ml of water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between 70 and 80 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Oxalates | Not more than 100 mg/kg expressed as oxalic acid, after drying |
| pH of 1 % aqueous solution | Between |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Orthophosphoric acid | |
| Monophosphoric acid | |
| Chemical name | Phosphoric acid |
| Einecs | 231-633-2 |
| Chemical formula | H |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Phosphoric acid is commercially available as an aqueous solution at variable concentrations. Content not less than |
| Clear, colourless, viscous liquid | |
| Volatile acids | Not more than 10 mg/kg (as acetic acid) |
| Chlorides | Not more than 200 mg/kg (expressed as chlorine) |
| Nitrates | Not more than 5 mg/kg (as NaNO |
| Sulphates | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Monosodium monophosphate | |
| Acid monosodium monophosphate | |
| Monosodium orthophosphate | |
| Monobasic sodium phosphate | |
| Sodium dihydrogen monophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Sodium dihydrogen monophosphate |
| Einecs | 231-449-2 |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: NaH |
| Monohydrate: NaH | |
| Dihydrate: NaH | |
| Molecular weight | Anhydrous: |
| Monohydrate: | |
| Dihydrate: | |
| Assay | After drying at 60 |
| P |
Between |
| A white odourless, slightly deliquescent powder, crystals or granules | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol or ether | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | The anhydrous salt loses not more than |
| Water-insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Disodium monophosphate | |
| Secondary sodium phosphate | |
| Disodium orthophosphate | |
| Acid disodium phosphate | |
| Chemical name | Disodium hydrogen monophosphate |
| Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate | |
| Einecs | 231-448-7 |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: Na |
| Hydrat: Na | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | After drying at 40 |
| P |
Between 49 % and 51 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate is a white, hygroscopic, odourless powder. Hydrated forms available include the dihydrate: a white crystalline, odourless solid; the heptahydrate: white, odourless, efflorescent crystals or granular powder; and the dodecahydrate: white, efflorescent, odourless powder or crystals | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | When dried at 40 |
| Water-insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sodium phosphate | |
| Tribasic sodium phosphate | |
| Trisodium orthophosphate | |
| Trisodium phosphate is obtained from aqueous solutions and crystallises in the anhydrous form and with 1/2, 1, 6, 8 or 12 H | |
| Chemical name | Trisodium monophosphate |
| Trisodium phosphate | |
| Trisodium orthophosphate | |
| Einecs | 231-509-8 |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: Na |
| Hydrated: Na | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Sodium phosphate anhydrous and the hydrated forms, with the exception of the dodecahydrate, contain not less than |
| P |
Between |
| White odourless crystals, granules or crystalline powder | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | When dried at 120 |
| Water insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Monobasic potassium phosphate | |
| Monopotassium monophosphate | |
| Potassium orthophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Potassium dihydrogen phosphate |
| Monopotassium dihydrogen orthophosphate | |
| Monopotassium dihydrogen monophosphate | |
| Einecs | 231-913-4 |
| Chemical formula | KH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| P |
Between |
| Odourless, colourless crystals or white granular or crystalline powder, hygroscopic | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Water-insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Dipotassium monophosphate | |
| Secondary potassium phosphate | |
| Dipotassium acid phosphate | |
| Dipotassium orthophosphate | |
| Dibasic potassium phosphate | |
| Chemical name | Dipotassium hydrogen monophosphate |
| Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate | |
| Dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate | |
| Einecs | 231-834-5 |
| Chemical formula | K |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % after drying at 105 |
| P |
Between |
| Colourless or white granular powder, crystals or masses; deliquescent substance | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Water-insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Potassium phosphate | |
| Tribasic potassium phosphate | |
| Tripotassium orthophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Tripotassium monophosphate |
| Tripotassium phosphate | |
| Tripotassium orthophosphate | |
| Einecs | 231-907-1 |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: K |
| Hydrated: K | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 97 % calculated on the ignited basis |
| P |
Between |
| Colourless or white, odourless hygroscopic crystals or granules. Hydrated forms available include the monohydrate and trihydrate | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Anhydrous: not more than |
| Water insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Monobasic calcium phosphate | |
| Monocalcium orthophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
| Einecs | 231-837-1 |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: Ca(H |
| Monohydrate: Ca(H | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % on the dried basis |
| P |
Between |
| Granular powder or white, deliquescent crystals or granules | |
| Between | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 14 % determined by drying at 105 |
| Not more than | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Dibasic calcium phosphate | |
| Dicalcium orthophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium monohydrogen phosphate |
| Calcium hydrogen orthophosphate | |
| Secondary calcium phosphate | |
| Einecs | 231-826-1 |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: CaHPO |
| Dihydrate: CaHPO | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Dicalcium phosphate, after drying at 200 |
| P |
Between |
| White crystals or granules, granular powder or powder | |
| Sparingly soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 50 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Calcium phosphate, tribasic | |
| Calcium orthophosphate | |
| Pentacalcium hydroxy monophosphate | |
| Calcium hydroxyapatite | |
| Tricalcium phosphate consists of a variable mixture of calcium phosphates obtained from neutralisation of phosphoric acid with calcium hydroxide and having the approximate composition of 10CaO · 3P | |
| Chemical name | Pentacalcium hydroxy monophosphate |
| Tricalcium monophosphate | |
| Einecs | 235-330-6 (Pentacalcium hydroxy monophosphate) |
| 231-840-8 (Calcium orthophosphate) | |
| Chemical formula | Ca |
| Molecular weight | 502 or 310 |
| Assay | Content not less than 90 % calculated on the ignited basis |
| P2O5 content | Between |
| A white, odourless powder which is stable in air | |
| Practically insoluble in water; insoluble in ethanol soluble in dilute hydrochloric and nitric acid | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 8 % after ignition at 800 |
| Fluoride | Not more than 50 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Magnesiumdihydrogenphosphate | |
| Magnesiumphosphate, monobasic | |
| Monomagnesium orthophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Monomagnesiumdihydrogenmonophosphate |
| Einecs | 236-004-6 |
| Chemical formula | Mg(H |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than |
| White, odourless, crystalline powder, slightly soluble in water | |
| Not less than | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Magnesiumhydrogenphosphate | |
| Magnesiumphosphate, dibasic | |
| Dimagnesium orthophosphate | |
| Secondary magnesiumphosphate | |
| Chemical name | Dimagnesiummonohydrogenmonophosphate |
| Einecs | 231-823-5 |
| Chemical formula | MgHPO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than 96 % after ignition |
| White, odourless, crystalline powder, slightly soluble in water | |
| Not less than | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sodium salt of malic acid | |
| Chemical name | Disodium DL-malate, disodium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid |
| Chemical formula | Hemihydrate: C |
| Trihydrate: C | |
| Molecular weight | Hemihydrate: |
| Trihydrate: | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White crystalline powder or lumps | |
| Positive | |
| Freely soluble in water | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Alkalinity | Not more than |
| Fumaric acid | Not more than |
| Maleic acid | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Monosodium salt of DL-malic acid | |
| Chemical name | Monosodium DL-malate, monosodium 2-DL-hydroxy succinate |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White powder | |
| Positive | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Maleic acid | Not more than |
| Fumaric acid | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Potassium salt of malic acid | |
| Chemical name | Dipotassium DL-malate, dipotassium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless or almost colourless aqueous solution | |
| Positive | |
| Alkalinity | Not more than |
| Fumaric acid | Not more than |
| Maleic acid | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Calcium salt of malic acid | |
| Chemical name | Calcium DL-malate, calcium-α-hydroxysuccinate, calcium salt of hydroxybutanedioic acid |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White powder | |
| Positive | |
| Slightly soluble in water | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 2 % (100 |
| Alkalinity | Not more than |
| Maleic acid | Not more than |
| Fumaric acid | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Monocalcium salt of DL-malic acid | |
| Chemical name | Monocalcium DL-malate, monocalcium 2-DL-hydroxysuccinate |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White powder | |
| Positive | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Maleic acid | Not more than |
| Fumaric acid | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Ditartaric acid | |
| Chemical name | Metatartaric acid |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Assay | Not less than |
| Crystalline or powder form with a white or yellowish colour. Very deliquescent with a faint odour of caramel | |
| A. | Very soluble in water and ethanol |
| B. | Place a sample of 1 to 10 mg of this substance in a test tube with 2 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid and 2 drops of sulpho-resorcinol reagent. When heated to 150 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| L-Calcium tartrate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium L(+)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate di-hydrate |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than |
| Fine crystalline powder with a white or off-white colour | |
| + | |
| Between | |
| Sulphates (as H |
Not more than 1 g/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Hexanedioic acid, 1,4-butanedicarboxylic acid |
| Einecs | 204-673-3 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White odourless crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Slightly soluble in water. Freely soluble in ethanol | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium adipate |
| Einecs | 231-293-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White odourless crystals or crystalline powder | |
| 151 | |
| Approximately 50 g/100 ml water (20 | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium adipate |
| Einecs | 242-838-1 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White odourless crystals or crystalline powder | |
| 151 | |
| Approximately 60 g/100 ml water (20 | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Butanedioic acid |
| Einecs | 203-740-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content no less than |
| Colourless or white, odourless crystals | |
| Between | |
| Residue on ignition | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Tribasic ammonium citrate | |
| Chemical name | Triammonium salt of 2-hydroxypropan-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid |
| Einecs | 222-394-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White to off-white crystals or powder | |
| Freely soluble in water | |
| Oxalate | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Calcium disodium EDTA | |
| Calcium disodium edetate | |
| Chemical name | N, N′-1,2-Ethanediylbis [N-(carboxymethyl)-glycinate] [(4-)-O,O′,O |
| Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetra acetate Calcium disodium (ethylenedinitrilo)tetra acetate | |
| Einecs | 200-529-9 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 97 % on the anhydrous basis |
| White, odourless crystalline granules or white to nearly white powder, slightly hygroscopic | |
| Water content | 5 to 13 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Extract of rosemary leaf (antioxidant) | |
| Extracts of rosemary contain several components, which have been proven to exert antioxidative functions. These components belong mainly to the classes of phenolic acids, flavonoids, diterpenoids. Besides the antioxidant compounds, the extracts can also contain triterpenes and organic solvent extractable material specifically defined in the following specification | |
| EINECS | 283-291-9 |
| Chemical name | Rosemary extract ( |
| Rosemary leaf extract antioxidant is prepared by extraction of the leaves of | |
| Reference antioxidative compounds: phenolic diterpenes | Carnosic acid (C |
| Reference key volatiles | Borneol, Bornyl Acetate, Camphor, 1,8-Cineol, Verbenone |
| Density | > 0,25 g/ml |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water |
| Loss on Drying | < 5 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Extracts of rosemary are produced from dried rosemary leaves by acetone extraction, filtration, purification and solvent evaporation, followed by drying and sieving to obtain a fine powder or a liquid | |
| Content of reference antioxidative compounds | ≥ 10 % w/w, expressed as the total of carnosic acid and carnosol |
| Antioxidant/Volatiles — Ratio | |
| Residual Solvents | Acetone: not more than 500 mg/kg |
| Content of reference antioxidative compounds | ≥ 13 % w/w, expressed as the total of carnosic acid and carnosol |
| Antioxidant/Volatiles — Ratio | |
| Residual Solvents | Ethanol: not more than 2 % |
| Content of reference antioxidative compounds | ≥ 5 % w/w, expressed as the total of carnosic acid and carnosol |
| Antioxidant/Volatiles — Ratio | |
| Residual Solvents | Ethanol: not more than 500 mg/kg |
| Content of reference antioxidative compounds | ≥ 5 % w/w, expressed as the total of carnosic acid and carnosol |
| Antioxidant/Volatiles — Ratio | |
| Residual solvents |
| Linear glycuronoglycan consisting mainly of β-(1-4) linked D-mannuronic and α-(1-4) linked L-guluronic acid units in pyranose ring form. Hydrophilic colloidal carbohydrate extracted by the use of dilute alkali from natural strains of various species of brown seaweeds ( | |
| 232-680-1 | |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Alginic acid yields, on the anhydrous basis, not less than 20 % and not more than 23 % of carbon dioxide (CO |
| Description | Alginic acid occurs in filamentous, grainy, granular and powdered forms. It is a white to yellowish brown and nearly odourless |
| Insoluble in water and organic solvents, slowly soluble in solutions of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and trisodium phosphate | |
| To a 0,5 % solution of the sample in 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, add one fifth of its volume of a 2,5 % solution of calcium chloride. A voluminous, gelatinous precipitate is formed. This test distinguishes alginic acid from acacia gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl starch, carrageenan, gelatin, gum ghatti, karaya gum, locust bean gum, methyl cellulose and tragacanth gum | |
| To a 0,5 % solution of the sample in 1 M sodium hydroxide solution, add one half of its volume of a saturated solution of ammonium sulphate. No precipitate is formed. This test distinguishes alginic acid from agar, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carrageenan, de-esterified pectin, gelatin, locust bean gum, methyl cellulose and starch | |
| Dissolve as completely as possible 0,01 g of the sample by shaking with 0,15 ml of 0,1 N sodium hydroxide and add 1 ml of acid ferric sulphate solution. Within 5 minutes, a cherry-red colour develops that finally becomes deep purple | |
| pH of a 3 % suspension | Between 2,0 and 3,5 |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 °C, 4 hours) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than 8 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Sodium hydroxide (1 M solution) | Not more than 2 % on the anhydrous basis insoluble matter |
| Formaldehyde | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 500 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| Chemical name | Sodium salt of alginic acid |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Yields, on the anhydrous basis, not less than 18 % and not more than 21 % of carbon dioxide corresponding to not less than 90,8 % and not more than 106,0 % of sodium alginate (calculated on equivalent weight basis of 222) |
| Description | Nearly odourless, white to yellowish fibrous or granular powder |
| Positive test for sodium and alginic acid | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 °C, 4 hours) |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Formaldehyde | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 500 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| Chemical name | Potassium salt of alginic acid |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Yields, on the anhydrous basis, not less than 16,5 % and not more than 19,5 % of carbon dioxide corresponding to not less than 89,2 % and not more than 105,5 % of potassium alginate (calculated on an equivalent weight basis of 238) |
| Description | Nearly odourless, white to yellowish fibrous or granular powder |
| Positive test for potassium and for alginic acid | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 °C, 4 hours) |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Formaldehyde | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 500 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| Chemical name | Ammonium salt of alginic acid |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Yields, on the anhydrous basis, not less than 18 % and not more than 21 % of carbon dioxide corresponding to not less than 88,7 % and not more than 103,6 % ammonium alginate (calculated on an equivalent weight basis of 217) |
| Description | White to yellowish fibrous or granular powder |
| Positive test for ammonium and alginic acid | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 °C, 4 hours) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than 7 % on the dried basis |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Formaldehyde | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 500 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| Synonyms | Calcium salt of alginate |
| Chemical name | Calcium salt of alginic acid |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Yields, on the anhydrous basis, not less than 18 % and not more than 21 % carbon dioxide corresponding to not less than 89,6 % and not more than 104,5 % of calcium alginate (calculated on an equivalent weight basis of 219) |
| Description | Nearly odourless, white to yellowish fibrous or granular powder |
| Positive test for calcium and alginic acid | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15,0 % (105 °C, 4 hours) |
| Formaldehyde | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 500 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| Synonyms | |
| Chemical name | Propane-1,2-diol ester of alginic acid; varies in composition according to its degree of esterification and the percentage of free and neutralised carboxyl groups in the molecule |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Yields, on the anhydrous basis, not less than 16 % and not more than 20 % of CO |
| Description | Nearly odourless, white to yellowish brown fibrous or granular powder |
| Positive test for 1,2-propanediol and alginic acid after hydrolysis | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 20 % (105 °C, 4 hours) |
| Total propane-1,2-diol content | Not less than 15 % and not more than 45 % |
| Free propane-1,2-diol content | Not more than 15 % |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Formaldehyde | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 500 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| Gelose | |
| Japan agar | |
| Bengal, Ceylon, Chinese or Japanese isinglass | |
| Layor Carang | |
| Chemical name | Agar is a hydrophilic colloidal polysaccharide consisting mainly of D-galactose units. On about every tenth D-galactopyranose unit one of the hydroxyl groups is esterified with sulphuric acid which is neutralised by calcium, magnesium, potassium or sodium. It is extracted from certain natural strains of marine algae of the families |
| Einecs | 232-658-1 |
| Assay | The threshold gel concentration should not be higher than |
| Agar is odourless or has a slight characteristic odour. Unground agar usually occurs in bundles consisting of thin, membranous, agglutinated strips, or in cut, flaked or granulated forms. It may be light yellowish-orange, yellowish-grey to pale yellow, or colourless. It is tough when damp, brittle when dry. Powdered agar is white to yellowish-white or pale yellow. When examined in water under a microscope, the agar appears granular and somewhat filamentous. A few fragments of the spicules of sponges and a few frustules of diatoms may be present. In chloral hydrate solution, the powdered agar appears more transparent than in water, more or less granular, striated, angular and occasionally contains frustules of diatoms. Gel strength may be standardised by the addition of dextrose and maltodextrines or sucrose | |
| Insoluble in cold water; soluble in boiling water | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 22 % (105 |
| Ash | Not more than |
| Acid-insoluble ash (insoluble in approximately 3N Hydrochloric acid) | Not more than |
| Insoluble matter (in hot water) | Not more than |
| Starch | Not detectable by the following method: to a 1 in 10 solution of the sample add a few drops of iodine solution. No blue colour is produced |
| Gelatin and other proteins | Dissolve about 1 g of agar in 100 ml of boiling water and allow to cool of about 50 |
| Water absorption | Place 5 g to agar in a 100 ml graduated cylinder, fill to the mark with water, mix and allow to stand at about 25 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Carrageenan is obtained by aqueous extraction of natural strains of seaweeds of | |
| 232-524-2 | |
| Description | Yellowish to colourless, coarse to fine powder which is practically odourless |
| Positive tests for galactose, for anhydrogalactose and for sulphate | |
| Methanol, ethanol, propane-2-ol content | Not more than 0,1 % singly or in combination |
| Viscosity of a 1,5 % solution at 75 °C | Not less than 5 mPa.s |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (105 °C, four hours) |
| Sulphate | Not less than 15 % and not more than 40 % on the dried basis (as SO |
| Ash | Not less than 15 % and not more than 40 % determined on the dried basis at 550 °C |
| Acid-insoluble ash | Not more than 1 % on the dried basis (insoluble in 10 % hydrochloric acid) |
| Acid-insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % on the dried basis (insoluble in 1 % v/v sulphuric acid) |
| Not more than 5 % | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 300 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| PES (acronym for processed eucheuma seaweed) | |
| Processed eucheuma seaweed is obtained by aqueous alkaline (KOH) treatment of the natural strains of seaweeds | |
| Tan to yellowish, coarse to fine powder which is practically odourless | |
| Forms cloudy viscous suspensions in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Methanol, ethanol, propane-2-ol content | Not more than 0,1 % singly or in combination |
| Viscosity of a 1,5 % solution at 75 °C | Not less than 5 mPa.s |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (105 °C, four hours) |
| Sulphate | Not less than 15 % and not more than 40 % on the dried basis (as SO |
| Ash | Not less than 15 % and not more than 40 % determined on the dried basis at 550 °C |
| Acid-insoluble ash | Not more than 1 % on the dried basis (insoluble in 10 % hydrochloric acid) |
| Acid-insoluble matter | Not less than 8 % and not more than 15 % on the dried basis (insoluble in 1 % v/v sulphuric acid) |
| Not more than 5 % | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 300 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g |
| Carob bean gum | |
| Algaroba gum | |
| Locust bean gum is the ground endosperm of the seeds of the natural strains of carob tree, | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Einecs | 232-541-5 |
| Assay | Galactomannan content not less than 75 % |
| White to yellowish-white, nearly odourless powder | |
| Place some ground sample in an aqueous solution containing | |
| Soluble in hot water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 |
| Ash | Not more than |
| Protein (N × |
Not more than 7 % |
| Acid-insoluble matter | Not more than 4 % |
| Starch | Not detectable by the following method: to a 1 in 10 solution of the sample add a few drops of iodine solution. No blue colour is produced |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Ethanol and propane-2-ol | Not more than 1 %, single or in combination |
| Guar gum is the ground endosperm of the seeds of natural strains of the guar plant, | |
| 232-536-0 | |
| Molecular weight | Consists mainly of a high molecular weight hydrocolloidal polysaccharide ( |
| Assay | Galactomannan content not less than 75 % |
| Description | A white to yellowish-white, nearly odourless powder |
| Soluble in cold water | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 °C, 5 hours) |
| Ash | Not more than 5,5 % determined at 800 °C |
| Acid-insoluble matter | Not more than 7 % |
| Protein (N × 6,25) | Not more than 10 % |
| Starch | Not detectable by the following method: to a 1 in 10 solution of the sample add a few drops of iodine solution (no blue colour is produced) |
| Organic peroxides | Not more than 0,7 meq active oxygen/kg sample |
| Furfural | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Tragacanth gum | |
| Tragant | |
| Tragacanth is a dried exudation obtained from the stems and branches of natural strains of | |
| Molecular weight | Approximately |
| Einecs | 232-252-5 |
| Unground Tragacanth gum occurs as flattened, lamellated, straight or curved fragments or as spirally twisted pieces | |
| 1 g of the sample in 50 ml of water swells to form a smooth, stiff, opalescent mucilage; insoluble in ethanol and does not swell in 60 % (w/v) aqueous ethanol | |
| Negative test for Karaya gum | Boil 1 g with 20 ml of water until a mucilage is formed. Add 5 ml of hydrochloric acid and again boil the mixture for five minutes. No permanent pink or red colour develops |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 16 % (105 |
| Total ash | Not more than 4 % |
| Acid insoluble ash | Not more than |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Negative in 10 g | |
| Negative in 5 g |
| Gum arabic | |
| Acacia gum is a dried exudation obtained from the stems and branches of natural strains of | |
| Molecular weight | Approximately |
| Einecs | 232-519-5 |
| Unground acacia gum occurs as white or yellowish-white spheroidal tears of varying sizes or as angular fragments and is sometimes mixed with darker fragments. It is also available in the form of white to yellowish-white flakes, granules, powder or spray-dried material. | |
| 1 g dissolves in 2 ml of cold water forming a solution which flows readily and is acid to litmus, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 17 % (105 |
| Total ash | Not more than 4 % |
| Acid insoluble ash | Not more than |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than 1 % |
| Starch or dextrin | Boil a 1 in 50 solution of the gum and cool. To 5 ml add 1 drop of iodine solution. No bluish or reddish colours are produced |
| Tannin | To 10 ml of a 1 in 50 solution add about |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Hydrolysis products | Mannose, xylose and galacturonic acid are absent (determined by chromatography) |
| Negative in 10 g | |
| Negative in 5 g |
| Xanthan gum is a high molecular weight polysaccharide gum produced by a pure-culture fermentation of a carbohydrate with natural strains of | |
| Molecular weight | Approximately |
| Einecs | 234-394-2 |
| Assay | Yields, on dried basis, not less than |
| Cream-coloured powder | |
| Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 |
| Total ash | Not more than 16 % on the anhydrous basis determined at 650 |
| Pyruvic acid | Not less than |
| Nitrogen | Not more than |
| Ethanol and propan-2-ol | Not more than 500 mg/kg singly or in combination |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and mould | Not more than 300 colonies per gram |
| Absent in 5 g | |
| Absent in 10 g | |
| Viable cells absent in 1 g |
| Katilo | |
| Kadaya | |
| Gum | |
| Karaya, gum karaya | |
| Kullo | |
| Kuterra | |
| Karaya gum is a dried exudation from the stems and branches of natural strains of: | |
| Einecs | 232-539-4 |
| Karaya gum occurs in tears of variable size and in broken irregular pieces having a characteristic semi-crystalline appearance. It is pale yellow to pinkish brown in colour, translucent and horny. Powdered karaya gum is a pale grey to pinkish brown. The gum has a distinctive odour of acetic acid | |
| Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Karaya gum swells in 60 % ethanol distinguishing it from other gums | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 20 % (105 |
| Total ash | Not more than 8 % |
| Acid insoluble ash | Not more than 1 % |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than 3 % |
| Volatile acid | Not less than 10 % (as acetic acid) |
| Starch | Not detectable |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Negative in 10 g | |
| Negative in 5 g |
| Tara gum is obtained by grinding the endosperm of the seeds of natural strains of | |
| Einecs | 254-409-6 |
| A white to white-yellow odourless powder | |
| Soluble in water | |
| Insoluble in ethanol | |
| To an aqueous solution of the sample add small amounts of sodium borate. A gel is formed | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % |
| Ash | Not more than |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % |
| Protein | Not more than |
| Starch | Not detectable |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Gellan gum is a high molecular weight polysaccharide gum produced by a pure culture fermentation of a carbohydrate by natural strains of | |
| Einecs | 275-117-5 |
| Molecular weight | Approximately |
| Assay | Yields, on the dried basis, not less than |
| An off-white powder | |
| Soluble in water, forming a viscous solution. | |
| Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % after drying (105 |
| Nitrogen | Not more than 3 % |
| Propane-2-ol | Not more than 750 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and mould | Not more than 400 colonies per gram |
| Negative in 5 g | |
| Negative in 10 g |
| Glycerin | |
| Glycerine | |
| Chemical names | 1,2,3-propanetriol |
| Glycerol | |
| Trihydroxypropane | |
| Einecs | 200-289-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % of glycerol on the anhydrous basis |
| Clear, colourless hygroscopic syrupy liquid with not more than a slight characteristic odour, which is neither harsh nor disagreeable | |
| Heat a few drops of the sample in a test tube with about | |
| Not less than | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than 5 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Butanetriols | Not more than |
| Acrolein, glucose and ammonium compounds | Heat a mixture of 5 ml of glycerol and 5 ml of potassium hydroxide solution (1 in 10) at 60 |
| Fatty acids and esters | Not more than |
| Chlorinated compounds | Not more than 30 mg/kg (as chlorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Konjac gum is a water-soluble hydrocolloid obtained from the Konjac flour by aqueous extraction. Konjac flour is the unpurified raw product from the root of the perennial plant | |
| Molecular weight | The main component, glucomannan, has an average molecular weight of |
| Assay | Not less than 75 % carbohydrate |
| A white to cream to light tan powder | |
| Dispersible in hot or cold water forming a highly viscous solution with a pH between | |
| Add 5 ml of a 4 % sodium borate solution to a 1 % solution of the sample in a test tube, and shake vigorously. A gel forms | |
| Prepare a 2 % solution of the sample by heating it in a boiling water bath for 30 min, with continuous agitation and then cooling the solution to room temperature. For each g of the sample used to prepare 30 g of the 2 % solution, add 1 ml of 10 % potassium carbonate solution to the fully hydrated sample at ambient temperature. Heat the mixture in a water bath to 85 | |
| Not less than 3 kgm | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (105 |
| Starch | Not more than 3 % |
| Protein | Not more than 3 % (N × |
| Determine nitrogen by Kjeldahl method. The percentage of nitrogen in the sample multiplied by | |
| Ether-soluble material | Not more than |
| Total ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Absent in | |
| Absent in 5 g |
| Konjac glucomannan is a water-soluble hydrocolloid obtained from Konjac flour by washing with water-containing ethanol. Konjac flour is the unpurified raw product from the tuber of the perennial plant | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Total dietary fibre: not less than 95 % on a dry weight basis |
| White to slightly brownish fine particle size, free flowing and odourless powder | |
| Dispersible in hot or cold water forming a highly viscous solution with a pH between | |
| Prepare a 2 % solution of the sample by heating it in a boiling water bath for 30 min, with continuous agitation and then cooling the solution to room temperature. For each g of the sample used to prepare 30 g of the 2 % solution, add 1 ml of 10 % potassium carbonate solution to the fully hydrated sample at ambient temperature. Heat the mixture in a water bath to 85 | |
| Not less than 20 kgm | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 8 % (105 |
| Starch | Not more than 1 % |
| Protein | Not more than |
| Determine nitrogen by Kjeldahl method. The percentage of nitrogen in the sample multiplied by | |
| Ether-soluble material | Not more than |
| Sulphite (as SO |
Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| 50 % Alcohol-soluble | Not more than |
| Total ash | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Absent in | |
| Absent in 5 g |
| Soybean Hemicellulose is a refined water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from natural strain soybean fibre by hot water extraction. No organic precipitant shall be used other than ethanol | |
| Chemical names | Water soluble soybean polysaccharides |
| Water soluble soybean fibre | |
| Assay | Not less than 74 % carbohydrate |
| Free flowing white or yellowish white powder | |
| Soluble in hot and cold water without gel formation | |
| Not more than 200 mPa.s | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 7 % (105 |
| Protein | Not more than 14 % |
| Total ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Standard plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and mould | Not more than 100 colonies per gram |
| Negative in 10 g | |
| Ethanol | Not more than 2 % |
| Assay | Not less than 75 % of Galactomannan |
| Pale yellow to off-white, odourless powder | |
| Solubility | Insoluble in ethanol. Disperses well in cold water forming a colloidal solution |
| Gel formation with borate | To an aqueous dispersion of the sample add sufficient sodium borate test solution (TS) to raise the pH to above 9; a gel is formed |
| Gel formation with xanthan gum | |
| Viscosity | Less than 500 mPa.s (25 °C, 2h, 1 % solution) corresponding to an average molecular weight of |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than 2,0 % |
| pH | 5,5-8 (1 % aqueous solution) |
| Crude fat | Not more than 1 % |
| Proteins | Not more than 7 % |
| Total ash | Not more than 1,2 % |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (5 h, 105 °C) |
| Total Anthraquinones | Not more than 0,5 mg/kg (detection limit) |
| Solvent residues | Not more than 750 mg/kg Isopropyl alcohol |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Total plate count | Not more than |
| Yeast and mould | Not more than 100 colony forming units per gram |
| Absent in 25 g | |
| E. Coli | Absent in 1 g |
| Polyoxyl (40) stearate | |
| polyoxyethylene (40) monostearate | |
| A mixture of the mono- and diesters of edible commercial stearic acid and mixed polyoxyethylene diols (having an average polymer length of about 40 oxyethylene units) together with free polyol | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Cream-coloured flakes or waxy solid at 25 | |
| Soluble in water, ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate. Insoluble in mineral oil | |
| 39 | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyoxyethylated polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Acid value | Not more than 1 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 25 and not more than 35 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 27 and not more than 40 |
| 1,4-Dioxane | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Ethylene oxide | Not more than |
| Ethylene glycols (mono- and di-) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Polysorbate 20 | |
| Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate | |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with edible commercial lauric acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides | |
| Assay | Content not less than 70 % of oxyethylene groups, equivalent to not less than |
| A lemon to amber-coloured oily liquid at 25 | |
| Soluble in water, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and dioxane. Insoluble in mineral oil and petroleum ether | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyoxyethylated polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Acid value | Not more than 2 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 40 and not more than 50 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 96 and not more than 108 |
| 1,4-dioxane | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Ethylene oxide | Not more than |
| Ethylene glycols (mono- and di-) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Polysorbate 80 | |
| Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate | |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with edible commercial oleic acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides | |
| Assay | Content not less than 65 % of oxyethylene groups, equivalent to not less than |
| A lemon to amber-coloured oily liquid at 25 | |
| Soluble in water, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and toluene. Insoluble in mineral oil and petroleum ether | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyoxyethylated polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Acid value | Not more than 2 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 45 and not more than 55 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 65 and not more than 80 |
| 1,4-dioxane | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Ethylene oxide | Not more than |
| Ethylene glycols (mono- and di-) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Polysorbate 40 | |
| Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate | |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with edible commercial palmitic acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides | |
| Assay | Content not less than 66 % of oxyethylene groups, equivalent to not less than 97 % of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate on the anhydrous basis |
| A lemon to orange-coloured oily liquid or semi-gel at 25 | |
| Soluble in water, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone. Insoluble in mineral oil | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyoxyethylated polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Acid value | Not more than 2 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 41 and not more than 52 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 90 and not more than 107 |
| 1,4-dioxane | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Ethylene oxide | Not more than |
| Ethylene glycols (mono- and di-) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Polysorbate 60 | |
| Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate | |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with edible commercial stearic acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides | |
| Assay | Content not less than 65 % of oxyethylene groups, equivalent to not less than 97 % of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate on the anhydrous basis |
| A lemon to orange-coloured oily liquid or semi-gel at 25 | |
| Soluble in water, ethyl acetate and toluene. Insoluble in mineral oil and vegetable oils | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyoxyethylated polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Acid value | Not more than 2 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 45 and not more than 55 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 81 and not more than 96 |
| 1,4-dioxane | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Ethylene oxide | Not more than |
| Ethylene glycols (mono- and di-) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Polysorbate 65 | |
| Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate | |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydrides with edible commercial stearic acid and condensed with approximately 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of sorbitol and its anhydrides | |
| Assay | Content not less than 46 % of oxyethylene groups, equivalent to not less than 96 % of polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate on the anhydrous basis |
| A tan-coloured, waxy solid at 25 | |
| Dispersible in water. Soluble in mineral oil, vegetal oils, petroleum ether, acetone, ether, dioxane, ethanol and methanol | |
| 29-33 | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyoxyethylated polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 3 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Acid value | Not more than 2 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 88 and not more than 98 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 40 and not more than 60 |
| 1,4-dioxane | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Ethylene oxide | Not more than |
| Ethylene glycols (mono- and di-) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Pectin consists mainly of the partial methyl esters of polygalacturonic acid and their ammonium, sodium, potassium and calcium salts. It is obtained by extraction in an aqueous medium of natural strains of appropriate edible plant material, usually citrus fruits or apples. No organic precipitant shall be used other than methanol, ethanol and propane-2-ol | |
| Einecs | 232-553-0 |
| Assay | Content not less than 65 % of galacturonic acid on the ash-free and anhydrous basis after washing with acid and alcohol |
| White, light yellow, light grey or light brown powder | |
| Soluble in water forming a colloidal, opalescent solution. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (105 |
| Acid insoluble ash | Not more than 1 % (insoluble in approximately 3N hydrochloric acid) |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg on the anhydrous basis |
| Nitrogen content | Not more than |
| Free methanol, ethanol and propane-2-ol | Not more than 1 %, singly or in combination, on the anhydrous basis |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Amidated pectin consists mainly of the partial methyl esters and amides of polygalacturonic acid and their ammonium, sodium, potassium and calcium salts. It is obtained by extraction in an aqueous medium of appropriate natural strains of edible plant material, usually citrus fruits or apples and treatment with ammonia under alkaline conditions. No organic precipitant shall be used other than methanol, ethanol and propane-2-ol | |
| Assay | Content not less than 65 % of galacturonic acid on the ash-free and anhydrous basis after washing with acid and alcohol |
| White, light yellow, light greyish or light brownish powder | |
| Soluble in water forming a colloidal, opalescent solution. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (105 |
| Acid-insoluble ash | Not more than 1 % (insoluble in approximately 3N hydrochloric acid) |
| Degree of amidation | Not more than 25 % of total carboxyl groups |
| Sulphur dioxide residue | Not more than 50 mg/kg on the anhydrous basis |
| Nitrogen content | Not more than |
| Free methanol, ethanol and propane-2-ol | Not more than 1 % single or in combination, on a volatile matter-free basis |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Ammonium salts of phosphatidic acid, mixed ammonium salts of phoshorylated glycerides | |
| A mixture of the ammonium compounds of phosphatidic acids derived from edible fat and oil (usually partially hardened rapeseed oil). One or two or three glyceride moieties may be attached to phosphorus. Moreover, two phosphorus esters may be linked together as phosphatidyl phosphatides | |
| Assay | The phosphorus content is not less than 3 % and not more than |
| Unctuous semi-solid | |
| Soluble in fats. Insoluble in water. Partially soluble in ethanol and in acetone | |
| Petroleum ether insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| SAIB | |
| Sucrose acetate isobutyrate is a mixture of the reaction products formed by the esterification of food grade sucrose with acetic acid anhydride and isobutyric anhydride, followed by distillation. The mixture contains all possible combinations of esters in which the molar ratio of acetate to butyrate is about 2:6 | |
| Einecs | 204-771-6 |
| Chemical name | Sucrose diacetate hexaisobutyrate |
| Chemical formulae | C |
| Molecular weight | 832-856 (approximate), C |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| A pale straw-coloured liquid, clear and free of sediment and having a bland odour | |
| Insoluble in water. Soluble in most organic solvents | |
| [n] | |
| [d] | |
| Triacetin | Not more than |
| Acid value | Not more than |
| Saponification value | Not less than 524 and not more than 540 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Ester gum | |
| A complex mixture of tri- and diglycerol esters of resin acids from wood rosin. The rosin is obtained by the solvent extraction of aged pine stumps followed by a liquid-liquid solvent refining process. Excluded from these specifications are substances derived from gum rosin, and exudate of living pine trees, and substances derived from tall oil rosin, a by-product of kraft (paper) pulp processing. The final product is composed of approximately 90 % resin acids and 10 % neutrals (non-acidic compounds). The resin acid fraction is a complex mixture of isomeric diterpenoid monocarboxylic acids having the empirical molecular formula of C | |
| Hard, yellow to pale amber-coloured solid | |
| Insoluble in water, soluble in acetone | |
| Characteristic of the compound | |
| Specific gravity of solution | [d] |
| Ring and ball softening range | Between 82 |
| Acid value | Not less than 3 and not more than 9 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 15 and not more than 45 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Test for absence of tall oil rosin (sulphur test) | When sulphur-containing organic compounds are heated in the presence of sodium formate, the sulphur is converted to hydrogen sulphide which can readily be detected by the use of lead acetate paper. A positive test indicates the use of tall oil rosin instead of wood rosin |
| Disodium dihydrogen diphosphate | |
| Disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate | |
| Sodium acid pyrophosphate | |
| Disodium pyrophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Disodium dihydrogen diphosphate |
| Einecs | 231-835-0 |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of disodium diphosphate |
| P |
Not less than |
| White powder or grains | |
| Soluble in water | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than 1 % |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Acid trisodium pyrophosphate | |
| Trisodium monohydrogen diphosphate | |
| Einecs | 238-735-6 |
| Chemical formula | Monohydrate: Na |
| Anhydrous: Na | |
| Molecular weight | Monohydrate: |
| Anhydrous: | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % on the anhydrous basis |
| P |
Not less than 57 % and not more than 59 % |
| White powder or grains, occurs anhydrous or as a monohydrate | |
| Soluble in water | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Tetrasodium pyrophosphate | |
| Sodium pyrophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Tetrasodium diphosphate |
| Einecs | 231-767-1 |
| Chemical formula | Anhydrous: Na |
| Decahydrate: Na | |
| Molecular weight | Anhydrous: |
| Decahydrate: | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of Na |
| P |
Not less than |
| Colourless or white crystals, or a white crystalline or granular powder. The decahydrate effloresces slightly in dry air | |
| Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Potassium pyrophosphate | |
| Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Tetrapotassium diphosphate |
| Einecs | 230-785-7 |
| Chemical formula | K |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % on the ignited basis |
| P |
Not less than |
| Colourless crystals or white, very hygroscopic powder | |
| Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 2 % after drying at 105 |
| Water-insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Calcium pyrophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Dicalcium diphosphate |
| Dicalcium pyrophosphate | |
| Einecs | 232-221-5 |
| Chemical formula | Ca |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 96 % |
| P |
Not less than 55 % and not more than 56 % |
| A fine, white, odourless powder | |
| Insoluble in water. Soluble in dilute hydrochloric and nitric acids | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 50 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Acid calcium pyrophosphate | |
| Monocalcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate |
| Einecs | 238-933-2 |
| Chemical formula | CaH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 90 % on the anhydrous basis |
| P |
Not less than 61 % and not more than 64 % |
| White crystals or powder | |
| Acid-insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Pentasodium tripolyphosphate | |
| Sodium tripolyphosphate | |
| Chemical name | Pentasodium triphosphate |
| Einecs | 231-838-7 |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| P |
Not less than 56 % and not more than 59 % (anhydrous) or not less than 43 % and not more than 45 % (hexahydrate) |
| White, slightly hygroscopic granules or powder | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Anhydrous: Not more than |
| Hexahydrate: Not more than | |
| Water-insoluble substances | Not more than |
| Higher polyphosphates | Not more than 1 % |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Pentapotassium tripolyphosphate | |
| Potassium triphosphate | |
| Potassium tripolyphosphate | |
| Chemical name | Pentapotassium triphosphate |
| Pentapotassium tripolyphosphate | |
| Einecs | 237-574-9 |
| Chemical formula | K |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 85 % on the anhydrous basis |
| P |
Not less than |
| White, very hygroscopic powder or granules | |
| Very soluble in water | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than 2 % |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sodium hexametaphosphate | |
| Sodium tetrapolyphosphate | |
| Graham's salt | |
| Sodium polyphosphates, glassy | |
| Sodium polymetaphosphate | |
| Sodium metaphosphate | |
| Soluble sodium polyphosphates are obtained by fusion and subsequent chilling of sodium orthophosphates. These compounds are a class consisting of several amorphous, water-soluble polyphosphates composed of linear chains of metaphosphate units, (NaPO | |
| Chemical name | Sodium polyphosphate |
| Einecs | 272-808-3 |
| Chemical formula | Heterogenous mixtures of sodium salts of linear condensed polyphosphoric acids of general formula H |
| Molecular weight | (102) |
| Assay P |
Not less than 60 % and not more than 71 % on the ignited basis |
| Colourless or white, transparent platelets, granules, or powders | |
| Very soluble in water | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 1 % |
| Water-insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Insoluble sodium metaphosphate | |
| Maddrell's salt | |
| Insoluble sodium polyphosphate, IMP | |
| Insoluble sodium metaphosphate is a high molecular weight sodium polyphosphate composed of two long metaphosphate chains (NaPO | |
| Chemical name | Sodium polyphosphate |
| Einecs | 272-808-3 |
| Chemical formula | Heterogenous mixtures of sodium salts of linear condensed polyphosphoric acids of general formula H |
| Molecular weight | (102) |
| P |
Not less than |
| White crystalline powder | |
| Insoluble in water, soluble in mineral acids and in solutions of potassium and ammonium (but not sodium) chlorides | |
| About | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Potassium metaphosphate | |
| Potassium polymetaphosphate | |
| Kurrol salt | |
| Chemical name | Potassium polyphosphate |
| Einecs | 232-212-6 |
| Chemical formula | (KPO |
| Heterogenous mixtures of potassium salts of linear condensed polyphosphoric acids of general formula H | |
| Molecular weight | (118) |
| P |
Not less than |
| Fine white powder or crystals or colourless glassy platelets | |
| 1 g dissolves in 100 ml of a 1 in 25 solution of sodium acetate | |
| Not more than | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 2 % (105 |
| Cyclic phosphate | Not more than 8 % on P |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sodium calcium polyphosphate, glassy | |
| Chemical name | Sodium calcium polyphosphate |
| Einecs | 233-782-9 |
| Chemical formula | (NaPO |
| Assay | Not less than 61 % and not more than 69 % as P |
| White glassy crystals, spheres | |
| Approximately 5 to 7 | |
| 7 %-15 % m/m | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Calcium metaphosphate | |
| Calcium polymetaphosphate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium polyphosphate |
| Einecs | 236-769-6 |
| Chemical formula | (CaP |
| Heterogenous mixtures of calcium salts of condensed polyphosphoric acids of general formula H | |
| Molecular weight | (198) |
| P |
Not less than 71 % and not more than 73 % on the ignited basis |
| Odourless, colourless crystals or white powder | |
| Usually sparingly soluble in water. Soluble in acid medium | |
| 27 to | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 2 % (105 |
| Cyclic phosphate | Not more than 8 % on P |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg (expressed as fluorine) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Beta-cyclodextrin is a non-reducing cyclic saccharide consisting of seven α-1,4-linked D-glucopyranosyl units. The product is manufactured by the action of the enzyme cycloglycosyltransferase (CGTase) obtained from | |
| Chemical name | Cycloheptaamylose |
| Einecs | 231-493-2 |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Virtually odourless white or almost white crystalline solid | |
| Sparingly soluble in water; freely soluble in hot water; slightly soluble in ethanol | |
| [α] | |
| Water | Not more than 14 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Other cyclodextrins | Not more than 2 % on an anhydrous basis |
| Residual solvents (toluene and trichloroethylene) | Not more than 1 mg/kg for each solvent |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cellulose gel | |
| Microcrystalline cellulose is purified, partally depolymerised cellulose prepared by treating alpha-cellulose, obtained as a pulp from natural strains of fibrous plant material, with mineral acids. The degree of polymerisation is typically less than 400 | |
| Chemical name | Cellulose |
| Einecs | 232-674-9 |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | About |
| Assay | Not less than 97 % calculated as cellulose on the anhydrous basis |
| A fine white or almost white odourless powder | |
| Insoluble in water, ethanol, ether and dilute mineral acids. Slightly soluble in sodium hydroxide solution | |
| To 1 mg of the sample, add 1 ml of phosphoric acid and heat on a water bath for 30 minutes. Add 4 ml of a 1 in 4 solution of pyrocatechol in phosphoric acid and heat for 30 minutes. A red colour is produced | |
| Mix 30 g of the sample with 270 ml of water in a high-speed ( | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 7 % (105 |
| Water-soluble matter | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| pH of a 10 % suspension in water | The pH of the supernatant liquid is between |
| Starch | Not detectable |
| To 20 ml of the dispersion obtained in identification, test D, add a few drops of iodine solution and mix. No purplish to blue or blue colour should be produced | |
| Particle size | Not less than 5 |
| Carboxyl groups | Not more than 1 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Purified, mechanically disintegrated celluslose prepared by processing alpha-cellulose obtained as a pulp from natural strains of fibrous plant materials | |
| Chemical name | Cellulose |
| Linear polymer of 1:4 linked glucose residues | |
| Einecs | 232-674-9 |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | (162) |
| Assay | Content not less than 92 % |
| A white, odourless powder | |
| Insoluble in water, ethanol, ether and dilute mineral acids. Slightly soluble in sodium hydroxide solution | |
| Mix 30 g of the sample with 270 ml of water in a high-speed ( | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 7 % (105 |
| Water-soluble matter | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| pH of a 10 % suspension in water | The pH of the supernatant liquid is between |
| Starch | Not detectable |
| To 20 ml of the dispersion obtained in identification, test B, add a few drops of iodine solution and mix. No purplish to blue or blue colour should be produced | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Particle size | Not less than 5 |
| Cellulose methyl ether | |
| Methyl cellulose is cellulose obtained directly from natural strains of fibrous plant material and partially etherified with methyl groups | |
| Chemical name | Methyl ether of cellulose |
| Chemical formula | The polymers contain substituted anhydroglucose units with the following general formula: |
| |
| Molecular weight | From about |
| Assay | Content not less than 25 % and not more than 33 % of methoxyl groups (-OCH |
| Slightly hygroscopic white or slightly yellowish or greyish odourless and tasteless, granular or fibrous powder | |
| Swelling in water, producing a clear to opalescent, viscous, colloidal solution. | |
| Insoluble in ethanol, ether and chloroform. | |
| Soluble in glacial acetic acid | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 10 % (105 |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| pH of a 1 % colloidal solution | Not less than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Cellulose ethyl ether | |
| Ethyl cellulose is cellulose obtained directly from fibrous plant material and partially etherified with ethyl groups | |
| Chemical name | Ethyl ether of cellulose |
| Chemical formula | The polymers contain substituted anhydroglucose units with the following general formula: |
| |
| Assay | Content not less than 44 % and not more than 50 % of ethoxyl groups (-OC |
| Slightly hygroscopic white to off-white, odourless and tasteless powder | |
| Practically insoluble in water, in glycerol and in propane-1,2-diol but soluble in varying proportions in certain organic solvents depending upon the ethoxyl content. Ethyl cellulose containing less than 46 to 48 % of ethoxyl groups is freely soluble in tetrahydrofuran, in methyl acetate, in chloroform and in aromatic hydrocarbon ethanol mixtures. Ethyl cellulose containing 46 to 48 % or more of ethoxyl groups is freely soluble in ethanol, in methanol, in toluene, in chloroform and in ethyl acetate | |
| Dissolve 5 g of the sample in 95 g of an 80:20 (w/w) mixture of toluene ethanol. A clear, stable, slightly yellow solution is formed. Pour a few ml of the solution onto a glass plate and allow the solvent to evaporate. A thick, tough, continuous, clear film remains. The film is flammable | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 3 % (105 |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| pH of a 1 % colloidal solution | Neutral to litmus |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cellulose hydroxypropyl ether | |
| Hydroxypropylcellulose is cellulose obtained directly from natural strains of fibrous plant material and partially etherified with hydroxypropyl groups | |
| Chemical name | Hydroxypropyl ether of cellulose |
| Chemical formula | The polymers contain substituted anhydroglucose units with the following general formula: |
| |
| Molecular weight | From about |
| Assay | Content not more than 80,5 % of hydroxypropoxyl groups (-OCH |
| Slightly hygroscopic white or slightly yellowish or greyish odourless and tasteless, granular or fibrous powder | |
| Swelling in water, producing a clear to opalescent, viscous, colloidal solution. Soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in ether | |
| Determine the substituents by gas chromotography | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 10 % (105 |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| pH of a 1 % colloidal solution | Not less than |
| Propylene chlorohydrins | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose is cellulose obtained directly from natural strains of fibrous plant material and partially etherified with methyl groups and containing a small degree of hydroxypropyl substitution | |
| Chemical name | 2-Hydroxypropyl ether of methylcellulose |
| Chemical formula | The polymers contain substituted anhydroglucose units with the following general formula: |
| |
| Molecular weight | From about |
| Assay | Content not less than 19 % and not more than 30 % methoxyl groups (-OCH |
| Slightly hygroscopic white or slightly yellowish or greyish odourless and tasteless, granular or fibrous powder | |
| Swelling in water, producing a clear to opalescent, viscous, colloidal solution. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Determine the substituents by gas chromatography | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 10 % (105 |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Not more than 3 % for products with viscosities below 50 mPa.s | |
| pH of a 1 % colloidal solution | Not less than |
| Propylene chlorohydrins | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Methylethylcellulose | |
| Ethyl methyl cellulose is cellulose obtained directly from natural strains of fibrous plant material and partially etherified with methyl and ethyl groups | |
| Chemical name | Ethyl methyl ether of cellulose |
| Chemical formula | The polymers contain substituted anhydroglucose units with the following general formula: |
| |
| Molecular weight | From about |
| Assay | Content on the anhydrous basis not less than |
| Slightly hygroscopic white or slightly yellowish or greyish odourless and tasteless, granular or fibrous powder | |
| Swelling in water, producing a clear to opalescent, viscous, colloidal solution. Soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in ether | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % for the fibrous form, and not more than 10 % for the powdered form (105 |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| pH of a 1 % colloidal solution | Not less than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Carboxy methyl cellulose | |
| CMC | |
| NaCMC | |
| Sodium CMC | |
| Cellulose gum | |
| Carboxy methyl cellulose is the partial sodium salt of a carboxymethyl ether of cellulose, the cellulose being obtained directly from natural strains of fibrous plant material | |
| Chemical name | Sodium salt of the carboxymethyl ether of cellulose |
| Chemical formula | The polymers contain substituted anhydroglucose units with the following general formula: |
| |
| Molecular weight | Higher than approximately |
| Assay | Content on the anhydrous basis not less than |
| Slightly hygroscopic white or slightly yellowish or greyish odourless and tasteless, granular or fibrous powder | |
| Yields a viscous colloidal solution with water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| A | |
| To 5 ml of a | |
| Degree of substitution | Not less than |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (105 |
| pH of a 1 % colloidal solution | Not less than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Total glycolate | Not more than |
| Sodium | Not more than |
| Cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose | |
| Cross-linked CMC | |
| Cross-linked sodium CMC | |
| Cross-linked cellulose gum | |
| Cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is the sodium salt of thermally cross-linked partly O-carboxymethylated cellulose | |
| Chemical name | Sodium salt of the cross-linked carboxymethyl ether cellulose |
| Chemical formula | The polymers containing substituted anhydroglucose units with the general formula: |
| C | |
| |
| Slightly hygroscopic, white to off white, odourless powder | |
| A. | Shake 1 g with 100 ml of a solution containing 4 mg/kg methylene blue and allow to settle. The substance to be examined absorbs the methylene blue and settles as a blue, fibrous mass |
| B. | Shake 1 g with 50 ml of water. Transfer 1 ml of the mixture to a test tube, add 1 ml water and |
| C. | It gives the reaction of sodium |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 6 % (105 |
| Water solubles | Not more than 10 % |
| Degree of substitution | Not less than |
| pH of 1 % | Not less than |
| Sodium content | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, enzymatically hydrolysed | |
| Enzymatically hydrolysed carboxymethylcellulose is obtained from carboxymethylcellulose by enzymatic digestion with a cellulase produced by | |
| Chemical name | Carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium, partially enzymatically hydrolysed |
| Chemical formula | Sodium salts of polymers containing substituted anhydroglucose units with the general formula: |
| [C | |
| where n is the degree of polymerisation | |
| x = | |
| y = | |
| x + y = | |
| (y = degree of substitution) | |
| Formula weight | |
| Macromolecules: Not less than 800 (n about 4) | |
| Assay | Not less than |
| White or slightly yellowish or greyish, odourless, slightly hygroscopic granular or fibrous powder | |
| Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Vigorously shake a | |
| To 5 ml of a | |
| Add | |
| Not less than | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 12 % (105 |
| Degree of substitution | Not less than |
| pH of a 1 % colloidal solution | Not less than |
| Sodium chloride and sodium glycolate | Not more than |
| Residual enzyme activity | Passes test. No change in viscosity of test solution occurs, which indicates hydrolysis of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose |
| Lead | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids occurring in food oils and fats, these salts being obtained either from edible fats and oils or from distilled food fatty acids | |
| Assay | Content on the anhydrous basis not less than 95 % |
| White or creamy white light powders, flakes or semi-solids | |
| Sodium and potassium salts: soluble in water and ethanol calcium salts: | |
| insoluble in water, ethanol and ether | |
| Sodium | Not less than 9 % and not more than 14 % expressed as Na |
| Potassium | Not less than 13 % and not more than |
| Calcium | Not less than |
| Unsaponifiable matter | Not more than 2 % |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Free alkali | Not more than |
| Matter insoluble in alcohol | Not more than |
| Magnesium salts of fatty acids occurring in foods oils and fats, these salts being obtained either from edible fats and oils or from distilled food fatty acids | |
| Assay | Content on the anhydrous basis not less than 95 % |
| White or creamy-white light powders, flakes or semi-solids | |
| Insoluble in water, partially soluble in ethanol and ether | |
| Magnesium | Not less than |
| Free alkali | Not more than |
| Unsaponifiable matter | Not more than 2 % |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Glyceryl monostearate | |
| Glyceryl monopalmitate | |
| Glyceryl monooleate, etc. | |
| Monostearin, monopalmitin, monoolein, etc. | |
| GMS (for glyceryl monostearate) | |
| Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids consist of mixtures of glycerol mono-, di- and triesters of fatty acids occurring in food oils and fats. They may contain small amounts of free fatty acids and glycerol | |
| Assay | Content of mono- and diesters: not less than 70 % |
| The product varies from a pale yellow to pale brown oily liquid to a white or slightly off-white hard waxy solid. The solids may be in the form of flakes, powders or small beads | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyol | |
| Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol and toluene | |
| Water content | Not more than 2 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Acid value | Not more than 6 |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 7 % |
| Polyglycerols | Not more than 4 % diglycerol and not more than 1 % higher polyglycerols both based on total glycerol content |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Total glycerol | Not less than 16 % and not more than 33 % |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides | |
| Acetoglycerides | |
| Acetylated mono- and diglycerides | |
| Acetic and fatty acid esters of glycerol | |
| Esters of glycerol with acetic and fatty acids occurring in food fats and oils. They may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids, free acetic acid and free glycerides | |
| Clear, mobile liquids to solids, from white to pale yellow in colour | |
| Insoluble in water. Soluble in ethanol | |
| Acids other than acetic and fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 2 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Total acetic acid | Not less than 9 % and not more than 32 % |
| Free fatty acids (and acetic acid) | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Total glycerol | Not less than 14 % and not more than 31 % |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides | |
| Lactoglycerides | |
| Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with lactic acid | |
| Esters of glycerol with lactic acid and fatty acids occurring in food fats and oils. They may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids, free lactic acid and free glycerides | |
| Clear, mobile liquids to waxy solids of variable consistency, from white to pale yellow in colour | |
| Insoluble in cold water but dispersible in hot water | |
| Acids other than lactic and fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 2 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Total lactic acid | Not less than 13 % and not more than 45 % |
| Free fatty acids (and lactic acid) | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Total glycerol | Not less than 13 % and not more than 30 % |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Citrem | |
| Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides | |
| Citroglycerides | |
| Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with citric acid | |
| Esters of glycerol with citric acid and fatty acids occurring in food oils and fats. They may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids, free citric acid and free glycerides. They may be partially or wholly neutralised with sodium hydroxide or with potassium hydroxide | |
| Yellowish or light brown liquids to waxy solids or semi-solids | |
| Insoluble in cold water | |
| Dispersible in hot water | |
| Soluble in oils and fats | |
| Insoluble in cold ethanol | |
| Acids other than citric and fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 2 % |
| Total glycerol | Not less than 8 % and not more than 33 % |
| Total citric acid | Not less than 13 % and not more than 50 % |
| Sulphated ash (determined at 800 ± 25 |
Non-neutralised products: not more than |
| Partially or wholly neutralised products: not more than 10 % | |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides | |
| Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with tartaric acid | |
| Esters of glycerol with tartaric acid and fatty acids occurring in food fats and oils. They may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids, free tartaric acid and free glycerides | |
| Sticky viscous yellowish liquids to hard yellow waxes | |
| Acids other than tartaric and fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 2 % |
| Total glycerol | Not less than 12 % and not more than 29 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Total tartaric acid | Not less than 15 % and not more than 50 % |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Diacetyltartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides | |
| Mono-and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with mono- and diacetyltartaric acid | |
| Diacetyltartaric and fatty acid esters of glycerol | |
| Mixted esters of glycerol with mono- and diacetyltartaric acids (obtained from tartaric acid) and fatty acids occurring in food fats and oils. They may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids, free tartaric and acetic acids and their combinations, and free glycerides. Contains also tartaric and acetic esters of fatty acids | |
| Sticky viscous liquids through a fat-like consistency to yellow waxes which hydrolyse in moist air to liberate acetic acid | |
| Acids other than acetic, tartaric and fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 2 % |
| Total glycerol | Not less than 11 % and not more than 28 % |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Total tartaric acid | Not less than 10 % and not more than 40 % |
| Total acetic acid | Not less than 8 % and not more than 32 % |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with acetic acid and tartaric acid | |
| Esters of glycerol with acetic and tartaric acids and fatty acids occurring in food fats and oils. They may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids, free tartaric and ecetic acids, and free glycerides. May contain mono- and diacetyltartaric esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | |
| Sticky liquids to solids, from white to pale-yellow in colour | |
| Acids other than acetic, tartaric and fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 2 % |
| Total glycerol | Not less than 12 % and not more than 27 % |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Total acetic acid | Not less than 10 % and not more than 20 % |
| Total tartaric acid | Not less than 20 % and not more than 40 % |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Sucroesters | ||
| Sugar esters | ||
| Essentially the mono-, di- and triesters of sucrose with fatty acids occurring in food fats and oils. They may be prepared from sucrose and the methyl and ethyl esters of food fatty acids or by extraction from sucroglycerides. No organic solvent other than dimethylsulphoxide, dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, propane-2-ol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, propylene glycol and methyl ethyl ketone may be used for their preparation | ||
| Assay | Content not less than 80 % | |
| Stiff gels, soft solids or white to slightly greyish-white powders | ||
| Sparingly soluble in water | ||
| Soluble in ethanol | ||
| Sulphated ash | Not more than 2 % determined at 800 ± 25 | |
| Free sugar | Not more than 5 % | |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Methanol | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Dimethylsulphoxide | Not more than 2 mg/kg | |
| Dimethylformamide | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| 2-methyl-1-propanol | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Ethylacetate | Not more than 350 mg/kg, singly or in combination | |
| Propane-2-ol | ||
| Prolyleneglycol | ||
| Methyl ethyl ketone | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Sugar glycerides | ||
| Sucroglycerides are produced by reacting sucrose with an edible fat or oil to produce a mixture of essentially mono-, di- and triesters of sucrose and fatty acids together with residual mono-, di- and triglycerides from fat or oil. No organic solvents shall be used in their preparation other than cyclohexane, dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, 2-methyl-1-propanol and propane-2-ol | ||
| Assay | Content not less than 40 % and not more than 60 % of sucrose fatty acid esters | |
| Soft solid masses, stiff gels or white to off-white powders | ||
| Insoluble in cold water | ||
| Soluble in ethanol | ||
| Sulphated ash | Not more than 2 % determined at 800 ± 25 | |
| Free sugar | Not more than 5 % | |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Methanol | Not more than 10 mg/kg | |
| Dimethylformamide | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| 2-methyl-1-propanol | Not more than 10 mg/kg, single or in combination | |
| Cyclohexane | ||
| Ethylacetate | Not more than 350 mg/kg, single or in combination | |
| Propane-2-ol | ||
| Polyglycerol fatty acid esters | |
| Polyglycerin esters of fatty acid esters | |
| Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids are produced by the esterification of polyglycerol with food fats and oils or with fatty acids occurring in foods fats and oils. The polyglycerol moiety is predominantly di-, tri- and tetraglycerol and contains not more than 10 % of polyglycerols equal to or higher than heptaglycerol | |
| Assay | Content of total fatty acid ester not less than 90 % |
| Light yellow to amber, oily to very viscous liquids; light tan to medium brown, plastic or soft solids; and light tan to brown, hard, waxy solids | |
| The esters range from very hydrophilic to very lipophilic, but as a class tend to be dispersible in water and soluble in organic solvents and oils | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acids other than fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 6 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Total glycerol and polyglycerol | Not less than 18 % and not more than 60 % |
| Free glycerol and polyglycerol | Not more than 7 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Glycerol esters of condensed castor oil fatty acids | |
| Polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty acids from castor oil | |
| Polyglycerol esters of interesterified ricinoleic acid | |
| PGPR | |
| Polyglycerol polyricinoleate is prepared by the esterification of polyglycerol with condensed castor oil fatty acids | |
| Clear, highly viscous liquid | |
| Insoluble in water and in ethanol. | |
| Soluble in ether, hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons | |
| Between | |
| Polyglycerols | The polyglycerol moiety shall be composed of not less than 75 % of di-, tri- and tetraglycerols and shall contain not more than 10 % of polyglycerols equal to or higher than heptaglycerol |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 80 and not more than 100 |
| Acid value | Not more than 6 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids | |
| Consists of mixtures of propane-1,2-diol mono- and diesters of fatty acids occurring in food fats and oils. The alcohol moiety is exclusively propane-1,2-diol together with dimer and traces of trimer. Organic acids other than food fatty acids are absent | |
| Assay | Content of total fatty acid ester not less than 85 % |
| Clear liquids or waxy white flakes, beads or solids having a bland odour | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acids other than fatty acids | Not detectable |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than 6 % estimated as oleic acid |
| Total propane-1,2-diol | Not less than 11 % and not more than 31 % |
| Free propane-1,2-diol | Not more than 5 % |
| Dimer and trimer of propylene glycol | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| TOSOM | |
| Thermally oxidised soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids is a complex mixture of esters of glycerol and fatty acids found in edible fat and fatty acids from thermally oxidised soya bean oil. It is produced by interaction and desodorisation under vacuum at 130 | |
| Pale yellow to light brown a waxy or solid consistency | |
| Insoluble in water. Soluble in hot oil or fat | |
| Melting range | 55-65 |
| Free fatty acids | Not more than |
| Free glycerol | Not more than 2 % |
| Total fatty acids | 83-90 % |
| Total glycerol | 16-22 % |
| Fatty acid methyl esters, not forming adduct with urea | Not more than 9 % of total fatty acid methyl esters |
| Fatty acids, insoluble in petroleum ether | Not more than 2 % of total fatty acids |
| Peroxide value | Not more than 3 |
| Epoxides | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Sodium stearoyl lactylate | |
| Sodium stearoyl lactate | |
| A mixture of the sodium salts of stearoyl lactylic acids and its polymers and minor amounts of sodium salts of other related acids, manufactured by the reaction of stearic acid and lactic acid. Other food fatty acids may also be present, free or esterified, due to their presence in the stearic acid used | |
| Chemical names | Sodium di-2-stearoyl lactate |
| Sodium di(2-stearoyloxy)propionate | |
| Einecs | 246-929-7 |
| Chemical formula (major components) | C |
| C | |
| White or slightly yellowish powder or brittle solid with a characteristic odour | |
| Insoluble in water. Soluble in ethanol | |
| Sodium | Not less than |
| Ester value | Not less than 90 and not more than 190 |
| Acid value | Not less than 60 and not more than 130 |
| Total lactic acid | Not less than 15 % and not more than 40 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Calcium stearoyl lactate | |
| A mixture of the calcium salts of stearoyl lactylic acids and its polymers and minor amounts of calcium salts of other related acids, manufactured by the reaction of stearic acid and lactic acid. Other food fatty acids may also be present, free or esterified, due to their presence in the stearic acid used | |
| Chemical name | Calcium di-2-stearoyl lactate |
| Calcium di(2-stearoyloxy)propionate | |
| Einecs | 227-335-7 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| C | |
| White or slightly yellowish powder or brittle solid with a characteristic odour | |
| Slightly soluble in hot water | |
| Calcium | Not less than 1 % and not more than |
| Ester value | Not less than 125 and not more than 190 |
| Total lactic acid | Not less than 15 % and not more than 40 % |
| Acid value | Not less than 50 and not more than 130 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Stearyl palmityl tartrate | |
| Product of the esterification of tartaric acid with commercial stearyl alcohol, which consists essentially of stearyl and palmityl alcohols. It consists mainly of diester, with minor amounts of monoester and of unchanged starting materials | |
| Chemical name | Distearyl tartrate |
| Dipalmityl tartrate | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | 627 to 655 |
| Assay | Content of total ester not less than 90 % corresponding to an ester value of not less than 163 and not more than 180 |
| Cream-coloured unctuous solid (at 25 | |
| Between 67 | |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 200 and not more than 220 |
| Acid value | Not more than |
| Total tartaric acid content | Not less than 18 % and not more than 35 % |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Unsaponifiable matter | Not less than 77 % and not more than 83 % |
| Iodine value | Not more than 4 (Wijs method) |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides with edible, commercial stearic acid | |
| Einecs | 215-664-9 |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of a mixture of sorbitol, sorbitan, and isosorbide esters |
| Light, cream- to tan-coloured beads or flakes or a hard, waxy solid with a slight characteristic odour | |
| Soluble at temperatures above its melting point in toluene, dioxane, carbon tetrachloride, ether, methanol, ethanol and aniline; insoluble in petroleum ether and acetone; insoluble in cold water but dispersible in warm water; soluble with haze at temperatures above 50 | |
| 50-52 | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 2 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acid value | Not more than 10 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 147 and not more than 157 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 235 and not more than 260 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides with edible, commercial stearic acid | |
| Einecs | 247-891-4 |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of a mixture of sorbitol, sorbitan, and isosorbide esters |
| Light, cream- to tan-coloured beads or flakes or hard, waxy solid with a slight odour | |
| Slightly soluble in toluene, ether, carbon tetrachloride and ethyl acetate; dispersible in petroleum ether, mineral oil, vegetable oils, acetone and dioxane; insoluble in water, methanol and ethanol | |
| 47-50 | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 2 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acid value | Not more than 15 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 176 and not more than 188 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 66 and not more than 80 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides with edible, commercial lauric acid | |
| Einecs | 215-663-3 |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of a mixture of sorbitol, sorbitan, and isosorbide esters |
| Amber-coloured oily viscous liquid, light cream to tan-coloured beads or flakes or a hard, waxy solid with a slight odour | |
| Dispersible in hot and cold water | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of a polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 2 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acid value | Not more than 7 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 155 and not more than 170 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 330 and not more than 358 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides with edible, commercial oleic acid. Major constituent is 1,4-sorbitan monooleate. Other constituents include isosorbide monooleate, sorbitan dioleate and sorbitan trioleate | |
| Einecs | 215-665-4 |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of a mixture of sorbitol, sorbitan and isosorbide esters |
| Amber-coloured viscous liquid, light cream to tan-coloured beads or flakes or a hard, waxy solid with a slight characteristic odour | |
| Soluble at temperatures above its melting point in ethanol, ether, ethyl acetate, aniline, toluene, dioxane, petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride. Insoluble in cold water, dispersible in warm water | |
| The residue of oleic acid, obtained from the saponification of the sorbitan monoleate in assay, has a iodine value between 80 and 100 | |
| Water | Not more than 2 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acid value | Not more than 8 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 145 and not more than 160 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 193 and not more than 210 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Sorbitan palmitate | |
| A mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its anhydrides with edible, commercial palmitic acid | |
| Einecs | 247-568-8 |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % of a mixture of sorbitol, sorbitan, and isosorbide esters |
| Light cream to tan-coloured beads or flakes or a hard, waxy solid with a slight characteristic odour | |
| Soluble at temperatures above its melting point in ethanol, methanol, ether, ethyl acetate, aniline, toluene, dioxane, petroleum ether and carbon tetrachloride. Insoluble in cold water but dispersible in warm water | |
| 45-47 | |
| Characteristic of a partial fatty acid ester of polyol | |
| Water | Not more than 2 % (Karl Fischer method) |
| Sulphate ash | Not more than |
| Acid value | Not more than |
| Saponification value | Not less than 140 and not more than 150 |
| Hydroxyl value | Not less than 270 and not more than 305 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Soda ash | |
| Chemical name | Sodium carbonate |
| Einecs | 207-838-8 |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % of Na |
| Colourless crystals or white, granular or crystalline powder | |
| The anhydrous form is hygroscopic, the decahydrate efflorescent | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 2 % (anhydrous), 15 % (monohydrate) or 55 %-65 % (decahydrate) (70 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sodium bicarbonate, sodium acid carbonate, bicarbonate of soda, baking soda | |
| Chemical name | Sodium hydrogen carbonate |
| Einecs | 205-633-8 |
| Chemical formula | NaHCO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Colourless or white crystalline masses or crystalline powder | |
| Between | |
| Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Ammonium salts | No odour of ammonia detectable after heating |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium monohydrogen dicarbonate |
| Einecs | 208-580-9 |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content between |
| White flakes, crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Freely soluble in water | |
| Sodium chloride | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium carbonate |
| Einecs | 209-529-3 |
| Chemical formula | K |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, very deliquescent powder. | |
| The hydrate occurs as small, white, translucent crystals or granules | |
| Very soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 5 % (anhydrous) or 18 % (hydrate) (180 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Potassium bicarbonate, acid potassium carbonate | |
| Chemical name | Potassium hydrogen carbonate |
| Einecs | 206-059-0 |
| Chemical formula | KHCO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless crystals or white powder or granules | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Ammonium carbonate consists of ammonium carbamate, ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate in varying proportions | |
| Chemical name | Ammonium carbonate |
| Einecs | 233-786-0 |
| Chemical formula | CH |
| Molecular weight | Ammonium carbamate |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White powder or hard, white or translucent masses or crystals. Becomes opaque on exposure to air and is finally converted into white porous lumps or powder (of ammonium bicarbonate) due to loss of ammonia and carbon dioxide | |
| about | |
| Soluble in water | |
| Non-volatile matter | Not more than 500 mg/kg |
| Chlorides | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Sulphate | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Ammonium bicarbonate | |
| Chemical name | Ammonium hydrogen carbonate |
| Einecs | 213-911-5 |
| Chemical formula | CH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White crystals or crystalline powder | |
| about | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Non-volatile matter | Not more than 500 mg/kg |
| Chlorides | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Sulphate | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Hydromagnesite | |
| Magnesium carbonate is a basic hydrated or a monohydrated magnesium carbonate or a mixture of the two | |
| Chemical name | Magnesium carbonate |
| Chemical formula | MgCO |
| 208-915-9 | |
| Assay | Not less than 24 % and not more than 26,4 % of Mg |
| Description | Odourless, light, white friable masses or as a bulky white powder |
| Practically insoluble both in water or ethanol | |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than 0,05 % |
| Water soluble matter | Not more than 1 % |
| Calcium | Not more than 0,4 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium subcarbonate (light or heavy), hydrated basic magnesium carbonate, magnesium carbonate hydroxide | |
| Chemical name | Magnesium carbonate hydroxide hydrated |
| Einecs | 235-192-7 |
| Chemical formula | 4MgCO |
| Molecular weight | 485 |
| Assay | Mg content not less than |
| Light, white friable mass or bulky white powder | |
| Practically insoluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Water soluble matter | Not more than |
| Calcium | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Hydrogen chloride, muriatic acid | |
| Chemical name | Hydrochloric acid |
| Einecs | 231-595-7 |
| Chemical formula | HCl |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Hydrochloric acid is commercially available in varying concentrations. Concentrated hydrochloric acid contains not less than |
| Clear, colourless or slightly yellowish, corrosive liquid having a pungent odour | |
| Soluble in water and in ethanol | |
| Total organic compounds | Total organic compounds (non-fluorine containing): not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Benzene: not more than | |
| Fluorinated compounds (total): not more than 25 mg/kg | |
| Non-volatile matter | Not more than |
| Reducing substances | Not more than 70 mg/kg (as SO |
| Oxidising substances | Not more than 30 mg/kg (as Cl |
| Sulphate | Not more than |
| Iron | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sylvine | |
| Sylvite | |
| Chemical name | Potassium chloride |
| Einecs | 231-211-8 |
| Chemical formulae | KCl |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % on the dried basis |
| Colourless, elongated, prismatic or cubital crystals or white granular powder. Odourless | |
| Freely soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 1 % (105 |
| Sodium | Negative test |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium chloride |
| Einecs | 233-140-8 |
| Chemical formula | CaCl |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, odourless, hygroscopic powder or deliquescent crystals | |
| Anhydrous calcium chloride: freely soluble in water and ethanol | |
| Dihydrate: freely soluble in water, soluble in ethanol | |
| Hexahydrate: very soluble in water and ethanol | |
| Magnesium and alkali salts | Not more than 5 % on the anhydrous basis |
| Fluoride | Not more than 40 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Magnesium chloride |
| Einecs | 232-094-6 |
| Chemical formula | MgCl |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless, odourless, very deliquescent flakes or crystals | |
| Very soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol | |
| Ammonium | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Tin chloride, tin dichloride | |
| Chemical name | Stannous chloride dihydrate |
| Einecs | 231-868-0 |
| Chemical formula | SnCl |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless or white crystals | |
| May have a slight odour of hydrochloric acid | |
| Water: soluble in less than its own weight of water, but it forms an insoluble basic salt with excess water | |
| Ethanol: soluble | |
| Sulphate | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Oil of vitriol, dihydrogen sulphate | |
| Chemical name | Sulphuric acid |
| Einecs | 231-639-5 |
| Chemical formula | H |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Sulphuric acid is commercially available in varying concentrations. The concentrated form contains not less than |
| Clear, colourless or slightly brown, very corrosive oily liquid | |
| Miscible with water, with generation of much heat, also with ethanol | |
| Ash | Not more than |
| Reducing matter | Not more than 40 mg/kg (as SO |
| Nitrate | Not more than 10 mg/kg (on H |
| Chloride | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Iron | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Selenium | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Sodium sulphate |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless crystals or a fine, white, crystalline powder | |
| The decahydrate is efflorescent | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Acid sodium sulphate, sodium bisulphate, nitre cake | |
| Chemical name | Sodium hydrogen sulphate |
| Chemical formula | NaHSO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, odourless crystals or granules | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Water insoluble | Not more than |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Potassium sulphate |
| Chemical formula | K |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless or white crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Between | |
| Freely soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Potassium bisulphate, potassium acid sulphate | |
| Chemical name | Potassium hydrogen sulphate |
| Chemical formula | KHSO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 99 % |
| Melting point | 197 |
| White deliquescent crystals, pieces or granules | |
| Freely soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Gypsum, selenite, anhydrite | |
| Chemical name | Calcium sulphate |
| Einecs | 231-900-3 |
| Chemical formula | CaSO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Fine, white to slightly yellowish-white odourless powder | |
| Slightly soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Anhydrous: not more than |
| Dihydrate: not more than 23 % (ibid.) | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Ammonium sulphate |
| Einecs | 231-984-1 |
| Chemical formula | (NH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White powder, shining plates or crystalline fragments | |
| Freely soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Alum | |
| Chemical name | Aluminium sulphate |
| Einecs | 233-135-0 |
| Chemical formula | Al |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White powder, shining plates or crystalline fragments | |
| Freely soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 5 % (500 |
| Alkalies and alkaline earths | Not more than |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Soda alum, sodium alum | |
| Chemical name | Aluminium sodium sulphate |
| Einecs | 233-277-3 |
| Chemical formula | AlNa(SO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content on the anhydrous basis not less than |
| Transparent crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| Dodecahydrate is freely soluble in water. The anhydrous form is slowly soluble in water. Both forms are insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Anhydrous form: not more than |
| Dodecahydrate: not more than | |
| Ammonium salts | No odour of ammonia detectable after heating |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Potassium alum, potash alum | |
| Chemical name | Aluminium potassium sulphate dodecahydrate |
| Einecs | 233-141-3 |
| Chemical formula | AlK(SO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Large, transparent crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| Freely soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Ammonium salts | No odour of ammonia detectable after heating |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Ammonium alum | |
| Chemical name | Aluminium ammonium sulphate |
| Einecs | 232-055-3 |
| Chemical formula | AlNH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Large, colourless crystals or white powder | |
| Freely soluble in water, soluble in ethanol | |
| Alkali metals and alkaline earths | Not more than |
| Selenium | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Fluoride | Not more than 30 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Caustic soda, lye | |
| Chemical name | Sodium hydroxide |
| Einecs | 215-185-5 |
| Chemical formula | NaOH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content of solid forms not less than |
| White or nearly white pellets, flakes, sticks, fused masses or other forms. Solutions are clear or slightly turbid, colourless or slightly coloured, strongly caustic and hygroscopic and when exposed to the air they absorb carbon dioxide, forming sodium carbonate | |
| Very soluble in water. Freely soluble in ethanol | |
| Water insoluble and organic matter | A 5 % solution is completely clear and colourless to slightly coloured |
| Carbonate | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Caustic potash | |
| Chemical name | Potassium hydroxide |
| Einecs | 215-181-3 |
| Chemical formula | KOH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White or nearly white pellets, flakes, sticks, fused masses or other forms | |
| Very soluble in water. Freely soluble in ethanol | |
| Water insoluble matter | A 5 % solution is completely clear and colourless |
| Carbonate | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Slaked lime, hydrated lime | |
| Chemical name | Calcium hydroxide |
| 215-137-3 | |
| Chemical formula | Ca(OH) |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 92 % |
| Description | White powder |
| Slightly soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol. Soluble in glycerol | |
| Acid insoluble ash | Not more than 1,0 % |
| Magnesium and alkali salts | Not more than 2,7 % |
| Barium | Not more than 300 mg/kg |
| Fluoride | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 6 mg/kg |
| Aqua ammonia, strong ammonia solution | |
| Chemical name | Ammonium hydroxide |
| Chemical formula | NH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 27 % of NH |
| Clear, colourless solution, having an exceedingly pungent, characteristic odour | |
| Non-volatile matter | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Magnesium hydroxide |
| Einecs | 215-170-3 |
| Chemical formula | Mg(OH) |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, white bulky powder | |
| Practically insoluble in water and in ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 33 % (800 |
| Calcium oxide | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Burnt lime | |
| Definition | |
| Chemical name | Calcium oxide |
| 215-138-9 | |
| Chemical formula | CaO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % on the ignited basis |
| Description | Odourless, hard, white or greyish white masses of granules, or white to greyish powder |
| Slightly soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol. Soluble in glycerol | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 10 % (ca. 800 °C to constant weight) |
| Acid insoluble matter | Not more than 1 % |
| Barium | Not more than 300 mg/kg |
| Magnesium and alkali salts | Not more than 3,6 % |
| Fluoride | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 7 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Magnesium oxide |
| Einecs | 215-171-9 |
| Chemical formula | MgO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| A very bulky, white powder known as light magnesium oxide or a relative dense, white powder known as heavy magnesium oxide. 5 g of light magnesium oxide occupy a volume of 40 to 50 ml, while 5 g of heavy magnesium oxide occupy a volume of 10 to 20 ml | |
| Practically insoluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Calcium oxide | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Yellow prussiate of soda, sodium hexacyanoferrate | |
| Chemical name | Sodium ferrocyanide |
| Einecs | 237-081-9 |
| Chemical formula | Na |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Yellow crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Free moisture | Not more than |
| Water insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Sulphate | Not more than |
| Free cyanide | Not detectable |
| Ferricyanide | Not detectable |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Yellow prussiate of potash, potassium hexacyanoferrate | |
| Chemical name | Potassium ferrocyanide |
| Einecs | 237-722-2 |
| Chemical formula | K |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Lemon yellow crystals | |
| Free moisture | Not more than |
| Water insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Sulphate | Not more than |
| Free cyanide | Not detectable |
| Ferricyanide | Not detectable |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Yellow prussiate of lime, calcium hexacyanoferrate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium ferrocyanide |
| Einecs | 215-476-7 |
| Chemical formula | Ca |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Yellow crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Free moisture | Not more than |
| Water insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Sulphate | Not more than |
| Free cyanide | Not detectable |
| Ferricyanide | Not detectable |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| SALP | |
| Chemical name | Sodium trialuminium tetradecahydrogen octaphosphate tetrahydrate (A) or |
| Trisodium dialuminium pentadecahydrogen octaphosphate (B) | |
| Einecs | 232-090-4 |
| Chemical formula | NaAl |
| Na | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White odourless powder | |
| Acid to litmus | |
| Insoluble in water. Soluble in hydrochloric acid | |
| Loss on ignition | |
| 15 %-16 % (B) } (750 | |
| Fluoride | Not more than 25 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 4 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Silica, silicium dioxide | |
| Silicon dioxide is an amorphous substance, which is produced synthetically by either a vapour-phase hydrolysis process, yielding fumed silica, or by a wet process, yielding precipitated silica, silica gel, or hydrous silica. Fumed silica is produced in essentially an anhydrous state, whereas the wet-process products are obtained as hydrates or contain surface absorbed water | |
| Chemical name | Silicon dioxide |
| Einecs | 231-545-4 |
| Chemical formula | (SiO |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content after ignition not less than |
| White, fluffy powder or granules | |
| Hygroscopic | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than 70 % (hydrous silica, 105 | |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Soluble ionisable salts | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Calcium silicate is a hydrous or anhydrous silicate with varying proportions of CaO and SiO | |
| Chemical name | Calcium silicate |
| Einecs | 215-710-8 |
| Assay |
|
| White to off-white free-flowing powder that remains so after absorbing relatively large amounts of water or other liquids | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 10 % (105 |
| Loss on ignition | Not less than 5 % and not more than 14 % ( |
| Sodium | Not more than 3 % |
| Fluoride | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Magnesium silicate is a synthetic compound of which the molar ratio of magnesium oxide to silicon dioxide is approximately 2:5 | |
| Assay | Content not less than 15 % of MgO and not less than 67 % of SiO |
| Very fine, white, odourless powder, free from grittiness | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 15 % (105 |
| Loss on ignition | Not more than 15 % after drying ( |
| Water soluble salts | Not more than 3 % |
| Free alkali | Not more than 1 % (as NaOH) |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Magnesium trisilicate |
| Chemical formula | Mg |
| Einecs | 239-076-7 |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Fine, white powder, free from grittiness | |
| Between | |
| Loss on ignition | Not less than 17 % and not more than 34 % ( |
| Water soluble salts | Not more than 2 % |
| Free alkali | Not more than 1 % (as NaOH) |
| Fluoride | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Talcum | |
| Naturally occurring form of hydrous magnesium silicate containing varying proportions of such associated minerals as alpha-quartz, calcite, chlorite, dolomite, magnesite, and phlogopite | |
| Chemical name | Magnesium hydrogen metasilicate |
| Einecs | 238-877-9 |
| Chemical formula | Mg |
| Molecular weight | |
| Light, homogeneous, white or almost white powder, greasy to the touch | |
| Characteristic peaks at | |
| Peaks at | |
| Insoluble in water and ethanol | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Acid-soluble matter | Not more than 6 % |
| Water-soluble matter | Not more than |
| Acid-soluble iron | Not detectable |
| Arsenic | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Sodium silicoaluminate, sodium aluminosilicate, aluminium sodium silicate | |
| Chemical name | Sodium aluminium silicate |
| Assay |
|
| Fine white amorphous powder or beads | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Loss on ignition | Not less than |
| Sodium | Not less than 5 % and not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mica | |
| Natural mica consists of mainly potassium aluminium silicate (muscovite) | |
| Einecs | 310-127-6 |
| Chemical name | Potassium aluminium silicate |
| Chemical formulae | KAl |
| Molecular weight | 398 |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % |
| Light grey to white crystalline platelets or powder | |
| Insoluble in water, diluted acids and alkali and organic solvents | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Antimony | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Zinc | Not more than 25 mg/kg |
| Barium | Not more than 25 mg/kg |
| Chromium | Not more than 100 mg/kg |
| Copper | Not more than 25 mg/kg |
| Nickel | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Calcium aluminosilicate, calcium silicoaluminate, aluminium calcium silicate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium aluminium silicate |
| Assay |
|
| Fine white, free-flowing powder | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Loss on ignition | Not less than |
| Fluoride | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Bentonite is a natural clay containing a high proportion of montmorillonite, a native hydrated aluminium silicate in which some aluminium and silicon atoms were naturally replaced by other atoms such as magnesium and iron. Calcium and sodium ions are trapped between the mineral layers. There are four common types of bentonite: natural sodium bentonite, natural calcium bentonite, sodium-activated bentonite and acid-activated bentonite | |
| Einecs | 215-108-5 |
| Chemical formula | (Al, Mg) |
| Molecular weight | 819 |
| Assay | Montmorillonite content not less than 80 % |
| Very fine, yellowish or greyish white powder or granules. The structure of bentonite allows it to absorb water in its structure and on its external surface (swelling properties) | |
| Characteristic peaks at | |
| Peaks at 428/470/530/ | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Kaolin, light or heavy | ||
| Aluminium silicate hydrous (kaolin) is a purified white plastic clay composed of kaolinite, potassium aluminium silicate, feldspar and quartz. Processing should not include calcination. The raw kaolinitic clay used in the production of aluminium silicate shall have a level of dioxin which does not make it injurious to health or unfit for human consumption | ||
| Einecs | 215-286-4 (kaolinite) | |
| Chemical formula | Al | |
| Molecular weight | 264 | |
| Assay | Content not less than 90 % (sum of silica and alumina, after ignition) | |
| Silica (SiO |
Between 45 % and 55 % | |
| Alumina (Al |
Between 30 % and 39 % | |
| Fine, white or greyish white, unctuous powder. Kaolin is made up of loose aggregations of randomly oriented stacks of kaolinite flakes or of individual hexagonal flakes | ||
| Characteristic peaks at | ||
| Peaks at | ||
| Loss on ignition | Between 10 and 14 % ( | |
| Water soluble matter | Not more than | |
| Acid soluble matter | Not more than 2 % | |
| Iron | Not more than 5 % | |
| Potassium oxide (K |
Not more than 5 % | |
| Carbon | Not more than | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg | |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg | |
| Linear fatty acids, caprylic acid (C | |
| Chemical name | octanoic acid (C |
| Assay | Not less than 98 % by chromatography |
| A colourless liquid or white solid obtained from oils and fats | |
| Residue on ignition | Not more than |
| Unsaponifiable matter | Not more than |
| Water | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| D-gluconic acid, dextronic acid | |
| Gluconic acid is an aqueous solution of gluconic acid and glucono-delta-lactone | |
| Chemical name | Gluconic acid |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless to light yellow, clear syrupy liquid | |
| Compound formed melts between 196 | |
| Residue on ignition | Not more than |
| Reducing matter | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than 350 mg/kg |
| Sulphate | Not more than 240 mg/kg |
| Sulphite | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Gluconolactone, GDL, D-gluconic acid delta-lactone, delta-gluconolactone | |
| Glucono-delta-lactone is the cyclic 1,5-intramolecular ester of D-gluconic acid. In aqueous media it is hydrolysed to an equilibrium mixture of D-gluconic acid (55 %-66 %) and the delta- and gamma-lactones | |
| Chemical name | D-Glucono- |
| Einecs | 202-016-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Fine, white, nearly odourless, crystalline powder | |
| Compound formed melts between 196 | |
| Freely soluble in water. Sparingly soluble in ethanol | |
| 152 | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Reducing substances | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Sodium salt of D-gluconic acid | |
| Chemical name | Sodium D-gluconate |
| Einecs | 208-407-7 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White to tan, granular to fine, crystalline powder | |
| Very soluble in water. Sparingly soluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Reducing matter | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Potassium salt of D-gluconic acid | |
| Chemical name | Potassium D-gluconate |
| Einecs | 206-074-2 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| C | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, free flowing white to yellowish white, crystalline powder or granules | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | |
| Reducing substances | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Calcium salt of D-gluconic acid | |
| Chemical name | Calcium di-D-gluconate |
| Einecs | 206-075-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| C | |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, white crystalline granules or powder, stable in air | |
| Soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Reducing substances | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Ferrous di-D-gluconate dihydrate |
| Iron(II) di-gluconate dihydrate | |
| Einecs | 206-076-3 |
| Chemical formulae | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % on the dried basis |
| Pale greenish-yellow to yellowish-grey powder or granules, which may have a faint odour of burnt sugar | |
| Soluble with slight heating in water. Practically insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between 4 and | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 10 % (105 |
| Oxalic acid | Not detectable |
| Iron (Fe III) | Not more than 2 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Reducing substances | Not more than |
| Iron(II) lactate | |
| Iron(II) 2-hydroxy propanoate | |
| Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-iron(2 +) salt (2:1) | |
| Chemical name | Ferrous 2-hydroxy propanoate |
| Einecs | 227-608-0 |
| Chemical formulae | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 96 % on the dried basis |
| Greenish-white crystals or light green powder having a characteristic smell | |
| Soluble in water. Practically insoluble in ethanol | |
| Between 4 and 6 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 18 % (100 |
| Iron (Fe III) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| 4-Hexyl-1,3-benzenediol | |
| Hexylresorcinol | |
| Chemical name | 4-Hexylresorcinol |
| Einecs | 205-257-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than 98 % on the dried basis |
| White powder | |
| Freely soluble in ether and acetone; very slightly soluble in water | |
| To 1 ml of a saturated solution of the sample, add 1 ml of nitric acid. A light red colour appears | |
| To 1 ml of saturated solution of the sample, add 1 ml of bromine TS. A yellow, flocculent precipitate dissolves producing a yellow solution | |
| 62 to 67 | |
| Acidity | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Resorcinol and other phenols | Shake about 1 g of the sample with 50 ml of water for a few minutes, filter, and to the filtrate add 3 drops of ferric chloride TS. No red or blue colour is produced |
| Nickel | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| L-Glutamic acid, L-α-aminoglutaric acid | |
| Chemical name | L-Glutamic acid, L-2-amino-pentanedioic acid |
| Einecs | 200-293-7 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Between + | |
| (10 % solution (anhydrous basis) in 2N HCl, 200 mm tube) | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Sodium glutamate, MSG | |
| Chemical name | Monosodium L-glutamate monohydrate |
| Einecs | 205-538-1 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, practically odourless crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Between + | |
| (10 % solution (anhydrous basis) in 2N HCl, 200 mm tube) | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Potassium glutamate, MPG | |
| Chemical name | Monopotassium L-glutamate monohydrate |
| Einecs | 243-094-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, practically odourless crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Between + | |
| (10 % solution (anhydrous basis) in 2N HCl, 200 mm tube) | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Calcium glutamate | |
| Chemical name | Monocalcium di-L-glutamate |
| Einecs | 242-905-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, practically odourless crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Between + | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Ammonium glutamate | |
| Chemical name | Monoammonium L-glutamate monohydrate |
| Einecs | 231-447-1 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White, practically odourless crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Between + | |
| (10 % solution (anhydrous basis) in 2N HCl, 200 mm tube) | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Magnesium glutamate | |
| Chemical name | Monomagnesium di-L-glutamate tetrahydrate |
| Einecs | 242-413-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, white or off-white crystals or powder | |
| Between + | |
| (10 % solution (anhydrous basis) in 2N HCl, 200 mm tube) | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than 24 % (Karl Fischer) |
| Chloride | Not more than |
| Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Guanylic acid | |
| Chemical name | Guanosine-5'-monophosphoric acid |
| Einecs | 201-598-8 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, colourless or white crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Sodium guanylate, sodium 5'-guanylate | |
| Chemical name | Disodium guanosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Einecs | 221-849-5 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, colourless or white crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 25 % (120 |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Potassium guanylate, potassium 5'-guanylate | |
| Chemical name | Dipotassium guanosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Einecs | 226-914-1 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, colourless or white crystals or white crystalline powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 5 % (120 |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Calcium 5'-guanylate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium guanosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, white or off-white crystals or powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| 5'-Inosinic acid | |
| Chemical name | Inosine-5'-monophosphoric acid |
| Einecs | 205-045-1 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, colourless or white crystals or powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Sodium inosinate, sodium 5'-inosinate | |
| Chemical name | Disodium inosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Einecs | 225-146-4 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, colourless or white crystals or powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Potassium inosinate, potassium 5'-inosinate | |
| Chemical name | Dipotassium inosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Einecs | 243-652-3 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, colourless or white crystals or powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Calcium 5'-inosinate | |
| Chemical name | Calcium inosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, colourless or white crystals or powder | |
| Between | |
| maximum absorption of a 20 mg/l solution in | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Calcium 5'-ribonucleotide is essentially a mixture of calcium inosine-5'-monophosphate and calcium guanosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Chemical formula | C |
| C | |
| Assay | Content of both major components not less than |
| Odourless, white or nearly white crystals or powder | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Sodium 5'-ribonucleotide | |
| Chemical name | Disodium 5'-ribonucleotide is essentially a mixture of disodium inosine-5'-monophosphate and disodium guanosine-5'-monophosphate |
| Chemical formula | C |
| C | |
| Assay | Content of both major components not less than |
| Odourless, white or nearly white crystals or powder | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Other nucleotides | Not detectable by thin-layer chromatography |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Aminoacetic acid, glycocoll | |
| Sodium glycinate | |
| Chemical name (gly) | Aminoacetic acid |
| (Na salt) | Sodium glycinate |
| Chemical formula (gly) | C |
| (Na salt) | C |
| Einecs (gly) | 200-272-2 |
| (Na salt) | 227-842-3 |
| Molecular weight (gly) | |
| (Na salt) | 98 |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White crystals or crystalline powder | |
| Loss on drying (gly) | Not more than |
| (Na salt) | Not more than |
| Residue on ignition (gly) | Not more than |
| (Na salt) | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Acetic acid, zinc salt, dihydrate | |
| Chemical name | Zinc acetate dihydrate |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 98 % and not more than 102 % of C |
| Colourless crystals or fine, off-white powder | |
| Between | |
| Insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Chlorides | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Sulphates | Not more than 100 mg/kg |
| Alkalines and alkaline earths | Not more than |
| Organic volatile impurities | Passes test |
| Iron | Not more than 50 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 20 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Polydimethyl siloxane, silicone fluid, silicone oil, dimethyl silicone | |
| Dimethylpolysiloxane is a mixture of fully methylated linear siloxane polymers containing repeating units of the formula (CH | |
| Chemical name | Siloxanes and silicones, di-methyl |
| Chemical formula | (CH |
| Assay | Content of total silicon not less than |
| Clear, colourless, viscous liquid | |
| Between | |
| Between | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Viscosity | Not less than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| White wax, yellow wax | |
| Definition | |
| 232-383-7 (beeswax) | |
| Description | Yellowish white (white form) or yellowish to greyish brown (yellow form) pieces or plates with a fine-grained and non-crystalline fracture, having an agreeable, honey-like odour |
| Between 62 °C and 65 °C | |
| About 0,96 | |
| Acid value | Not less than 17 and not more than 24 |
| Saponification value | 87-104 |
| Peroxide value | Not more than 5 |
| Glycerol and other polyols | Not more than 0,5 % (as glycerol) |
| Ceresin, paraffins and certain other waxes | Absent |
| Fats, Japan wax, rosin and soaps | Absent |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Candelilla wax is a purified wax obtained from the leaves of the candelilla plant, | |
| Einecs | 232-347-0 |
| Hard, yellowish brown, opaque to translucent wax | |
| About | |
| Between | |
| Insoluble in water | |
| Soluble in chloroform and toluene | |
| Acid value | Not less than 12 and not more than 22 |
| Saponification value | Not less than 43 and not more than 65 |
| Glycerol and other polyols | Not more than |
| Ceresin, paraffins and certain other waxes | Absent |
| Fats, Japan wax, rosin and soaps | Absent |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Carnauba wax is a purified wax obtained from the leaf buds and leaves of the Brazilian Mart wax palm, | |
| Einecs | 232-399-4 |
| Light brown to pale yellow powder or flakes or hard and brittle solid with a resinous fracture | |
| About | |
| Between 82 | |
| Insoluble in water | |
| Partly soluble in boiling ethanol | |
| Soluble in chloroform and diethyl ether | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Acid value | Not less than 2 and not more than 7 |
| Ester value | Not less than 71 and not more than 88 |
| Unsaponifiable matter | Not less than 50 % and not more than 55 % |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Bleached shellac, white shellac | |
| Shellac is the purified and bleached lac, the resinous secretion of the insect | |
| Einecs | 232-549-9 |
| Bleached shellac — off-white, amorphous, granular resin | |
| Wax-free bleached shellac — light yellow, amorphous, granular resin | |
| Insoluble in water; freely (though very slowly) soluble in alcohol; slightly soluble in acetone | |
| Between 60 and 89 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Rosin | Absent |
| Wax | Bleached shellac: not more than |
| Wax-free bleached shellac: not more than | |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Petroleum wax, hydrocarbon wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax, synthetic wax, synthetic paraffin | |||||||||||
| Definition | Refined mixtures of solid, saturated hydrocarbons, obtained from petroleum or synthetic feedstocks | ||||||||||
| Description | White to amber, odourless wax | ||||||||||
| Insoluble in water, very slightly soluble in ethanol | |||||||||||
| Molecular weight | Average not less than 500 | ||||||||||
| Viscosity | |||||||||||
| Residue on ignition | Not more than 0,1 wt % | ||||||||||
| Carbon number at 5 % distillation point | Not more than 5 % of molecules with carbon number less than 25 | ||||||||||
| Colour | Passes test | ||||||||||
| Sulphur | Not more than 0,4 wt % | ||||||||||
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg | ||||||||||
| Lead | Not more than 3 mg/kg | ||||||||||
| Polycyclic aromatic compounds |
|
| Hydrogenated polydec-1-ene | |
| Hydrogenated poly-alpha-olefin | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | 560 (average) |
| Assay | Not less than |
| C | |
| C | |
| C | |
| C | |
| Insoluble in water; slightly soluble in ethanol; soluble in toluene | |
| Burns with a bright flame and a paraffin-like characteristic smell | |
| Viscosity | Between |
| Compounds with carbon number less than 30 | Not more than |
| Readily carbonisable substances | After 10 minutes shaking in a boiling water bath, a tube of sulphuric acid with a 5 g sample of hydrogenated poly-1-decene is not darker than a very slight straw colour |
| Nickel | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Montan acids and/or esters with ethylene glycol and/or 1,3-butanediol and/or glycerol | |
| Chemical name | Montan acid esters |
| Almost white to yellowish flakes, powder, granules or pellets | |
| Between | |
| Greater than 77 | |
| Acid value | Not more than 40 |
| Glycerol | Not more than 1 % (by gas chromatography) |
| Other polyols | Not more than 1 % (by gas chromatography) |
| Other wax types | Not detectable (by differential scanning calorimetry and/or infrared spectroscopy) |
| Arsenic | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Chromium | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Polar reaction products from mild oxidation of polyethylene | |
| Chemical name | Oxidised polyethylene |
| Almost white flakes, powder, granules or pellets | |
| Between | |
| Greater than 95 | |
| Acid value | Not more than 70 |
| Viscosity at 120 |
Not less than |
| Other wax types | Not detectable (by differential scanning calorimetry and/or infrared spectroscopy) |
| Oxygen | Not more than |
| Chromium | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| L-cysteine hydrochloride or hydrochloride monohydrate. Human hair may not be used as a source for this substance | |
| Einecs | 200-157-7 (anhydrous) |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White powder or colourless crystals | |
| Freely soluble in water and in ethanol | |
| Anhydrous form melts at about 175 | |
| [α] | |
| [α] | |
| Loss on drying | Between |
| Not more than | |
| Residue on ignition | Not more than |
| Ammonium-ion | Not more than 200 mg/kg |
| Arsenic | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Urea | |
| Einecs | 200-315-5 |
| Chemical formula | CH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless to white, prismatic, crystalline powder or small, white pellets | |
| Very soluble in water | |
| Soluble in ethanol | |
| To pass the test a white, crystalline precipitate is formed | |
| To pass the test a reddish-violet colour is produced | |
| 132 | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Ethanol-insoluble matter | Not more than |
| Alkalinity | Passes test |
| Ammonium-ion | Not more than 500 mg/kg |
| Biuret | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Chemical name | Argon |
| Einecs | 231-147-0 |
| Chemical formula | Ar |
| Molecular weight | 40 |
| Assay | Not less than 99 % |
| Colourless, odourless, non-flammable gas | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Methane and other hydrocarbons calculated as methane | Not more than 100 μl/l |
| Chemical name | Helium |
| Einecs | 231-168-5 |
| Chemical formula | He |
| Molecular weight | 4 |
| Assay | Not less than 99 % |
| Colourless, odourless, non-flammable gas | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Methane and other hydrocarbons calculated as methane | Not more than 100 μl/l |
| Chemical name | Nitrogen |
| Einecs | 231-783-9 |
| Chemical formula | N |
| Molecular weight | 28 |
| Assay | Not less than 99 % |
| Colourless, odourless, non-flammable gas | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Carbon monoxide | Not more than 10 μl/l |
| Methane and other hydrocarbons calculated as methane | Not more than 100 μl/l |
| Nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxide | Not more than 10 μl/l |
| Oxygen | Not more than 1 % |
| Chemical name | Nitrous oxide |
| Einecs | 233-032-0 |
| Chemical formula | N |
| Molecular weight | 44 |
| Assay | Not less than 99 % |
| Colourless, non-flammable gas, sweetish odour | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Carbon monoxide | Not more than 30 μl/l |
| Nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxide | Not more than 10 μl/l |
| n-Butane | |
| Chemical name | Butane |
| Chemical formula | CH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 96 % |
| Colourless gas or liquid with mild, characteristic odour | |
| Methane | Not more than |
| Ethane | Not more than |
| Propane | Not more than |
| Isobutane | Not more than |
| 1,3-butadiene | Not more than |
| Moisture | Not more than |
| 2-methyl propane | |
| Chemical name | 2-methyl propane |
| Chemical formula | (CH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 94 % |
| Colourless gas or liquid with mild, characteristic odour | |
| Methane | Not more than |
| Ethane | Not more than |
| Propane | Not more than |
| n-Butane | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Moisture | Not more than |
| Chemical name | Propane |
| Chemical formula | CH |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than 95 % |
| Colourless gas or liquid with mild, characteristic odour | |
| Methane | Not more than |
| Ethane | Not more than |
| Isobutane | Not more than |
| n-Butane | Not more than |
| 1,3-butadiene | Not more than |
| Moisture | Not more than |
| Chemical name | Oxygen |
| Einecs | 231-956-9 |
| Chemical formula | O |
| Molecular weight | 32 |
| Assay | Not less than 99 % |
| Colourless, odourless, non-flammable gas | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Methane and other hydrocarbons calculated as methane | Not more than 100 μl/l |
| Chemical name | Hydrogen |
| Einecs | 215-605-7 |
| Chemical formula | H |
| Molecular weight | 2 |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless, odourless, highly flammable gas | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Oxygen | Not more than |
| Nitrogen | Not more than 0,07 % v/v |
| Soapbark extract, Quillay bark extract, Panama bark extract, Quillai extract, Murillo bark extract, China bark extract | |
| Quillaia extract is obtained by aqueous extraction of | |
| Quillaia extract in the powder form is light brown with a pink tinge. It is also available as an aqueous solution | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Invertase is produced from | |
| Systematic name | β-D-Fructofuranoside fructohydrolase |
| Enzyme Commission No | EC 3.2.1.26 |
| Einecs | 232-615-7 |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Cadmium | Not more than |
| Total bacterial count | Not more than |
| Absent by test in 25 g | |
| Coliforms | Not more than 30/g |
| Absent by test in 25 g |
| Lysozyme hydrochloride | |
| Muramidase | |
| Lysozyme is a linear polypeptide obtained from hens' egg whites consisting of 129 amino acids. It possesses enzymatic activity in its ability to hydrolyse the β(1-4) linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in the outer membranes of bacterial species, in particular gram-positive organisms. Is usually obtained as the hydrochloride | |
| Chemical name | Enzyme Commission (EC) No: 3.2.1.17 |
| Einecs | 232-620-4 |
| Molecular weight | About |
| Assay | Content not less than 950 mg/g on the anhydrous basis |
| White, odourless powder having a slightly sweet taste | |
| Water content | Not more than |
| Residue on ignition | Not more than |
| Nitrogen | Not less than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Heavy metals (as Pb) | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Microbiological criteria | |
| Total bacterial count | Not more than 5 × 10 |
| Absent in 25 g | |
| Absent in 1 g | |
| Absent in 1 g |
| Modified polydextroses | |
| Randomly bonded glucose polymers with some sorbitol end-groups, and with citric acid or phosphoric acid residues attached to the polymers by mono or diester bonds. They are obtained by melting and condensation of the ingredients and consist of approximately 90 parts D-glucose, 10 parts sorbitol and 1 part citric acid or | |
| Assay | Content not less than 90 % of polymer on the ash free and anhydrous basis |
| White to light tan-coloured solid. Polydextroses dissolve in water to give a clear, colourless to straw coloured solution | |
| Between | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Nickel | Not more than 2 mg/kg for hydrogenated polydextroses |
| 1,6-Anhydro-D-glucose | Not more than |
| Glucose and sorbitol | Not more than |
| Molecular weight limit | Negative test for polymers of molecular weight greater than |
| 5-Hydroxy-methylfurfural | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Lead | Not more than |
| Povidone | |
| PVP | |
| Soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone | |
| Chemical name | Polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-ethylene] |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Molecular weight | Not less than |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| White or nearly white powder | |
| Soluble in water and in ethanol. Insoluble in ether | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than 5 % (Karl Fischer) |
| Total ash | Not more than |
| Aldehyde | Not more than 500 mg/kg (as acetaldehyde) |
| Free-N-vinylpyrrolidone | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Hydrazine | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Vinyl alcohol polymer, PVOH | |
| Polyvinyl alcohol is a synthetic resin prepared by the polymerisation of vinyl acetate, followed by partial hydrolysis of the ester in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. The physical characteristics of the product depend on the degree of polymerisation and the degree of hydrolysis | |
| Chemical name | Ethenol homopolymer |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Odourless, tasteless, translucent, white or cream-coloured granular powder | |
| Solubility | Soluble in water; sparingly soluble in ethanol |
| Precipitation reaction | Dissolve 0,25 g of the sample in 5 ml of water with warming and let the solution cool to room temperature. The addition of 10 ml of ethanol to this solution leads to a white, turbid or flocculent precipitate |
| Colour reaction | |
| Viscosity | 4,8 to 5,8 mPa.s (4 % solution at 20 °C) corresponding to an average molecular weight of |
| Water insoluble matter | Not more than 0,1 % |
| Ester value | Between 125 and 153 mg KOH/g |
| Degree of hydrolysis | 86,5 to 89,0 % |
| Acid value | Not more than 3,0 |
| Solvent residues | Not more than 1,0 % Methanol, 1,0 % Methyl acetate |
| pH | 5,0 to 6,5 (4 % solution) |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 5,0 % (105 °C, 3 H) |
| Residue in ignition | Not more than 1,0 % |
| Lead | Not more than 2,0 mg/kg |
| Crospovidone | |
| Cross linked polyvidone | |
| Insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone | |
| Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone is a poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-ethylene], cross linked in a random fashion. It is produced by the polymerisation of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in the presence of either caustic catalyst or N, N'-divinyl-imidazolidone. Due to its insolubility in all common solvents the molecular weight range is not amenable to analytical determination | |
| Chemical name | Polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-ethylene] |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Assay | Content not less than 11 % and not more than |
| A white hygroscopic powder with a faint, non-objectionable odour | |
| Insoluble in water, ethanol and ether | |
| Between | |
| Water | Not more than 6 % (Karl Fischer) |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Water-soluble matter | Not more than 1 % |
| Free-N-vinylpyrrolidone | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Free-N, N'-divinyl-imidazolidone | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Linear, neutral glucan consisting mainly of maltotriose units connected by - | |
| Einecs | 232-945-1 |
| Chemical formula | (C |
| Assay | Not less than 90 % of glucan on the dried basis |
| White to off-white odourless powder | |
| Soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol | |
| Add 2 ml of polyethylene glycol 600 to 10 ml of a 2 % aqueous solution of pullulan. A white precipitate is formed | |
| Prepare two test tubes each with 10 ml of a 10 % pullulan solution. Add | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than 6 % (90 |
| Mono-, di- and oligosaccharides | Not more than 10 % expressed as glucose |
| Viscosity | 100 to 180 mm |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Yeast and moulds | Not more than 100 colonies per gram |
| Coliforms | Absent in 25 g |
| Salmonella | Absent in 25 g |
| Oxidised starch is starch treated with sodium hypochlorite | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Carboxyl groups | Not more than |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Monostarch phosphate is starch esterified with ortho-phosphoric acid, or sodium or potassium ortho-phosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Residual phosphate | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Distarch phosphate is starch cross-linked with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Residual phosphate | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Phosphated distarch phosphate is starch having undergone a combination of treatments as described for monostarch phosphate and for distarch phosphate | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Residual phosphate | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Acetylated distarch phosphate is starch cross-linked with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride and esterified by acetic anhydride or vinyl acetate | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Acetyl groups | Not more than |
| Residual phosphate | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Vinyl acetate | Not more than |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Starch acetate | |
| Acetylated starch is starch esterified with acetic anhydride or vinyl acetate | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Acetyl groups | Not more than |
| Vinyl acetate | Not more than |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Acetylated distarch adipate is starch cross-linked with adipic anhydride and esterified with acetic anhydride | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Acetyl groups | Not more than |
| Adipate groups | Not more than |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Hydroxypropyl starch is starch etherified with propylene oxide | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Hydroxypropyl groups | Not more than |
| Propylene chlorohydrin | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate is starch cross-linked with sodium trimetaphosphate or phosphorus oxychloride and etherified with propylene oxide | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Hydroxypropyl groups | Not more than |
| Residual phosphate | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Propylene chlorohydrin | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| SSOS | |
| Starch sodium octenyl succinate is starch esterified with octenylsuccinic anhydride | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Octenylsuccinyl groups | Not more than 3 % |
| Octenylsuccinic acid residue | Not more than |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Acetylated oxidised starch is starch treated with sodium hypochlorite followed by esterification with acetic anhydride | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Not more than | |
| Not more than | |
| Carboxyl groups | Not more than |
| Acetyl groups | Not more than |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| SAOS | |
| Starch aluminium octenyl succinate is starch esterified with octenylsuccinic anhydride and treated with aluminium sulphate | |
| White or nearly white powder or granules or (if pregelatinised) flakes, amorphous powder or coarse particles | |
| Loss on drying | Not more than |
| Octenylsuccinyl groups | Not more than 3 % |
| Octenylsuccinic acid residue | Not more than |
| Sulphur dioxide | Not more than 50 mg/kg for modified cereal starches |
| Not more than 10 mg/kg for the other modified starches, unless otherwise specified | |
| Arsenic | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 2 mg/kg |
| Mercury | Not more than |
| Aluminium | Not more than |
| Ethyl citrate | |
| Chemical name | Triethyl-2-hydroxypropan-1,2,3-tricarboxylate |
| Einecs | 201-070-7 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Odourless, practically colourless, oily liquid | |
| d | |
| [n] | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Acidity | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Diacetin | |
| Glyceryl diacetate consist predominantly of a mixture of the | |
| Chemical names | Glyceryl diacetate |
| 1, 2, 3-propanetriol diacetate | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than |
| Clear, colourless, hygroscopic, somewhat oily liquid with a slight, fatty odour | |
| Soluble in water. Miscible with ethanol | |
| d | |
| Between 259 and 261 | |
| Total ash | Not more than |
| Acidity | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Triacetin | |
| Chemical name | Glyceryl triacetate |
| Einecs | 203-051-9 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Colourless, somewhat oily liquid having a slightly fatty odour | |
| Between | |
| Between | |
| Between 258 and 270 | |
| Water | Not more than |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Arsenic | Not more than 3 mg/kg |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Phenylcarbinol | |
| Phenylmethyl alcohol | |
| Benzenemethanol | |
| Alpha-hydroxytoluene | |
| Chemical names | Benzyl alcohol |
| Phenylmethanol | |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Not less than |
| Colourless, clear liquid with a faint, aromatic odour | |
| Soluble in water, ethanol and ether | |
| [n] | |
| d | |
| Distillation range | Not less than 95 % v/v distils between 202 and 208 |
| Acid value | Not more than |
| Aldehydes | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| Propylene glycol | |
| Chemical names | 1,2-dihydroxypropane |
| Einecs | 200-338-0 |
| Chemical formula | C |
| Molecular weight | |
| Assay | Content not less than |
| Clear, colourless, hygroscopic, viscous liquid | |
| Soluble in water, ethanol and acetone | |
| d | |
| [n] | |
| Distillation range | 99 % v/v distils between 185 |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than |
| Water | Not more than |
| Lead | Not more than 5 mg/kg |
| PEG, Macrogol, Polyethylene oxide | |
| Addition polymers of ethylene oxide and water usually designated by a number roughly corresponding to the molecular weight | |
| Chemical name | alpha-Hydro-omega-hydroxypoly (oxy-1,2-ethanediol) |
| Chemical formula | HOCH |
| Average molecular weight | 380 to |
| Assay | |
| Melting point | |
| Viscosity | |
| Solubility | |
| Acidity or alkalinity | Dissolve 5,0 g in 50 ml of carbon dioxide-free water and add 0,15 ml of bromothymol blue solution . The solution is yellow or green. Not more than 0,1 ml of 0,1 M sodium hydroxide is required to change the colour of the indicator to blue |
| Hydroxyl value | |
| Sulphated ash | Not more than 0,2 % |
| 1,4-Dioxane | Not more than 10 mg/kg |
| Ethylene oxide | Not more than 0,2 mg/kg |
| Ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol | Total not more than 0,25 % w/w individually or in combination |
| Lead | Not more than 1 mg/kg |
|
|
| Directive | Time-limit for transposition |
|---|---|
| 96/77/EC | |
| 98/86/EC | |
| 2000/63/EC | |
| 2001/30/EC | |
| 2002/82/EC | |
| 2003/95/EC | |
| 2004/45/EC | |
| 2006/129/EC |
| Directive 96/77/EC | This Directive |
|---|---|
| Article 1 | Article 1 |
| Article 2 | — |
| Article 3 | — |
| — | Article 2 |
| Article 4 | Article 3 |
| Article 5 | Article 4 |
| Annex | Annex I |
| — | Annex II |
| — | Annex III |