1. defining and establishing objectives for ambient air quality designed to avoid, prevent or reduce harmful effects on human health and the environment as a whole; 2. assessing the ambient air quality in Member States on the basis of common methods and criteria; 3. obtaining information on ambient air quality in order to help combat air pollution and nuisance and to monitor long-term trends and improvements resulting from national and Community measures; 4. ensuring that such information on ambient air quality is made available to the public; 5. maintaining air quality where it is good and improving it in other cases; 6. promoting increased cooperation between the Member States in reducing air pollution.
Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe
Modified by
- Commission Directive (EU) 2015/1480of 28 August 2015amending several annexes to Directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down the rules concerning reference methods, data validation and location of sampling points for the assessment of ambient air quality(Text with EEA relevance)Corrigendum to Commission Directive (EU) 2015/1480 of 28 August 2015 amending several annexes to Directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down the rules concerning reference methods, data validation and location of sampling points for the assessment of ambient air quality(Official Journal of the European Union L 226 of 29 August 2015), 32015L148032015L1480R(01), August 29, 2015
Corrected by
- Corrigendum to Commission Directive (EU) 2015/1480 of 28 August 2015 amending several annexes to Directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down the rules concerning reference methods, data validation and location of sampling points for the assessment of ambient air quality, 32015L1480R(01), March 14, 2019
1. "ambient air" shall mean outdoor air in the troposphere, excluding workplaces as defined by Directive 89/654/EEC Council Directive 89/654/EEC of 30 November 1989 concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the workplace (OJ L 393, 30.12.1989, p. 1 ). Directive as amended by Directive 2007/30/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 165, 27.6.2007, p. 21 ).2. "pollutant" shall mean any substance present in ambient air and likely to have harmful effects on human health and/or the environment as a whole; 3. "level" shall mean the concentration of a pollutant in ambient air or the deposition thereof on surfaces in a given time; 4. "assessment" shall mean any method used to measure, calculate, predict or estimate levels; 5. "limit value" shall mean a level fixed on the basis of scientific knowledge, with the aim of avoiding, preventing or reducing harmful effects on human health and/or the environment as a whole, to be attained within a given period and not to be exceeded once attained; 6. "critical level" shall mean a level fixed on the basis of scientific knowledge, above which direct adverse effects may occur on some receptors, such as trees, other plants or natural ecosystems but not on humans; 7. "margin of tolerance" shall mean the percentage of the limit value by which that value may be exceeded subject to the conditions laid down in this Directive; 8. "air quality plans" shall mean plans that set out measures in order to attain the limit values or target values; 9. "target value" shall mean a level fixed with the aim of avoiding, preventing or reducing harmful effects on human health and/or the environment as a whole, to be attained where possible over a given period; 10. "alert threshold" shall mean a level beyond which there is a risk to human health from brief exposure for the population as a whole and at which immediate steps are to be taken by the Member States; 11. "information threshold" shall mean a level beyond which there is a risk to human health from brief exposure for particularly sensitive sections of the population and for which immediate and appropriate information is necessary; 12. "upper assessment threshold" shall mean a level below which a combination of fixed measurements and modelling techniques and/or indicative measurements may be used to assess ambient air quality; 13. "lower assessment threshold" shall mean a level below which modelling or objective-estimation techniques alone may be used to assess ambient air quality; 14. "long-term objective" shall mean a level to be attained in the long term, save where not achievable through proportionate measures, with the aim of providing effective protection of human health and the environment; 15. "contributions from natural sources" shall mean emissions of pollutants not caused directly or indirectly by human activities, including natural events such as volcanic eruptions, seismic activities, geothermal activities, wild-land fires, high-wind events, sea sprays or the atmospheric re-suspension or transport of natural particles from dry regions; 16. "zone" shall mean part of the territory of a Member State, as delimited by that Member State for the purposes of air quality assessment and management; 17. "agglomeration" shall mean a zone that is a conurbation with a population in excess of 250000 inhabitants or, where the population is250000 inhabitants or less, with a given population density per km2 to be established by the Member States;18. "PM 10 " shall mean particulate matter which passes through a size-selective inlet as defined in the reference method for the sampling and measurement of PM10 , EN 12341, with a 50 % efficiency cut-off at 10 μm aerodynamic diameter;19. "PM 2,5 " shall mean particulate matter which passes through a size-selective inlet as defined in the reference method for the sampling and measurement of PM2,5 , EN 14907, with a 50 % efficiency cut-off at 2,5 μm aerodynamic diameter;20. "average exposure indicator" shall mean an average level determined on the basis of measurements at urban background locations throughout the territory of a Member State and which reflects population exposure. It is used to calculate the national exposure reduction target and the exposure concentration obligation; 21. "exposure concentration obligation" shall mean a level fixed on the basis of the average exposure indicator with the aim of reducing harmful effects on human health, to be attained over a given period; 22. "national exposure reduction target" shall mean a percentage reduction of the average exposure of the population of a Member State set for the reference year with the aim of reducing harmful effects on human health, to be attained where possible over a given period; 23. "urban background locations" shall mean places in urban areas where levels are representative of the exposure of the general urban population; 24. "oxides of nitrogen" shall mean the sum of the volume mixing ratio (ppbv) of nitrogen monoxide (nitric oxide) and nitrogen dioxide expressed in units of mass concentration of nitrogen dioxide (μg/m 3 );25. "fixed measurements" shall mean measurements taken at fixed sites, either continuously or by random sampling, to determine the levels in accordance with the relevant data quality objectives; 26. "indicative measurements" shall mean measurements which meet data quality objectives that are less strict than those required for fixed measurements; 27. "volatile organic compounds" (VOC) shall mean organic compounds from anthropogenic and biogenic sources, other than methane, that are capable of producing photochemical oxidants by reactions with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight; 28. "ozone precursor substances" means substances which contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, some of which are listed in Annex X.
(a) assessment of ambient air quality; (b) approval of measurement systems (methods, equipment, networks and laboratories); (c) ensuring the accuracy of measurements; (d) analysis of assessment methods; (e) coordination on their territory if Community-wide quality assurance programmes are being organised by the Commission; (f) cooperation with the other Member States and the Commission.
(a) one sampling point shall be installed every 100000 km2 ;(b) each Member State shall set up at least one measuring station or may, by agreement with adjoining Member States, set up one or several common measuring stations, covering the relevant neighbouring zones, to achieve the necessary spatial resolution; (c) where appropriate, monitoring shall be coordinated with the monitoring strategy and measurement programme of the Cooperative Programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the Long-range Transmission of Air Pollutants in Europe (EMEP); (d) Sections A and C of Annex I shall apply in relation to the data quality objectives for mass concentration measurements of particulate matter and Annex IV shall apply in its entirety.
(a) the supplementary methods provide sufficient information for the assessment of air quality with regard to limit values or alert thresholds, as well as adequate information for the public; (b) the number of sampling points to be installed and the spatial resolution of other techniques are sufficient for the concentration of the relevant pollutant to be established in accordance with the data quality objectives specified in Section A of Annex I and enable assessment results to meet the criteria specified in Section B of Annex I.
(a) the supplementary methods provide sufficient information for the assessment of air quality with regard to target values, long-term objectives, information and alert thresholds; (b) the number of sampling points to be installed and the spatial resolution of other techniques are sufficient for the concentration of ozone to be established in accordance with the data quality objectives specified in Section A of Annex I and enable assessment results to meet the criteria specified in Section B of Annex I; (c) the number of sampling points in each zone or agglomeration amounts to at least one sampling point per two million inhabitants or one sampling point per 50000 km2 , whichever produces the greater number of sampling points, but must not be less than one sampling point in each zone or agglomeration;(d) nitrogen dioxide is measured at all remaining sampling points except at rural background stations as referred to in Section A of Annex VIII.
(a) ambient air quality in accordance with Annex XVI; (b) any postponement decisions pursuant to Article 22(1); (c) any exemptions pursuant to Article 22(2); (d) air quality plans as provided for in Article 22(1) and Article 23 and programmes referred to in Article 17(2).
(a) the changes made in that year to the list and delimitation of zones and agglomerations established under Article 4; (b) the list of zones and agglomerations in which the levels of one or more pollutants are higher than the limit values plus the margin of tolerance where applicable or higher than target values or critical levels; and for these zones and agglomerations: (i) levels assessed and, if relevant, the dates and periods when such levels were observed; (ii) if appropriate, an assessment on contributions from natural sources and from re-suspension of particulates following winter-sanding or -salting of roads to the levels assessed, as declared to the Commission under Articles 20 and 21.
(a) the limit values, exposure reduction targets, critical levels, target values, information or alert thresholds or long-term objectives specified in Annex VII and Annexes XI to XIV; (b) the dates for compliance with any of the parameters referred to in point (a).
(a) in Directive 96/62/EC, paragraph 1 of Article 12 shall be replaced by the following: "1. The detailed arrangements for forwarding the information to be provided under Article 11 shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in paragraph 3."; (b) in Directive 1999/30/EC, Article 7(7), footnote 1 in point I of Annex VIII and point VI of Annex IX shall be deleted; (c) in Directive 2000/69/EC, Article 5(7) and point III in Annex VII shall be deleted; (d) in Directive 2002/3/EC, Article 9(5) and point II of Annex VIII shall be deleted.
(a) Article 5 of Directive 96/62/EC until 31 December 2010 ;(b) Article 11(1) of Directive 96/62/EC and Article 10(1), (2) and (3) of Directive 2002/3/EC until the end of the second calendar year following the entry into force of the implementing measures referred to in Article 28(2) of this Directive; (c) Article 9(3) and (4) of Directive 1999/30/EC until 31 December 2009 .
latest scientific information from WHO and other relevant organisations, air quality situations and reduction potentials in the Member States, the revision of Directive 2001/81/EC, progress made in implementing Community reduction measures for air pollutants,
| Sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide | Benzene | Particulate matter (PM | Ozone and related NO and NO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed measurements | ||||
| Uncertainty | 15 % | 25 % | 25 % | 15 % |
| Minimum data capture | 90 % | 90 % | 90 % | |
| Minimum time coverage: | ||||
| — | 35 % | — | — | |
| — | 90 % | — | — | |
| Indicative measurements | ||||
| Uncertainty | 25 % | 30 % | 50 % | 30 % |
| Minimum data capture | 90 % | 90 % | 90 % | 90 % |
| Minimum time coverage | 14 % | 14 % | 14 % | > 10 % during summer |
| Modelling uncertainty: | ||||
| Hourly | 50 % | — | — | 50 % |
| Eight-hour averages | 50 % | — | — | 50 % |
| Daily averages | 50 % | — | not yet defined | — |
| Annual averages | 30 % | 50 % | 50 % | — |
| Objective estimation | ||||
| Uncertainty | 75 % | 100 % | 100 % | 75 % |
a description of assessment activities carried out, the specific methods used, with references to descriptions of the method, the sources of data and information, a description of results, including uncertainties and, in particular, the extent of any area or, if relevant, the length of road within the zone or agglomeration over which concentrations exceed any limit value, target value or long-term objective plus margin of tolerance, if applicable, and of any area within which concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold or the lower assessment threshold, the population potentially exposed to levels in excess of any limit value for protection of human health.
(i) that all measurements undertaken in relation to the assessment of ambient air quality pursuant to Articles 6 and 9 are traceable in accordance with the requirements set out in the harmonised standard for testing and calibration laboratories, (ii) that institutions operating networks and individual stations have an established quality assurance and quality control system which provides for regular maintenance to assure the continued accuracy of measuring devices. The quality system shall be reviewed as necessary and at least every five years by the relevant National Reference Laboratory (iii) that a quality assurance/quality control process is established for the process of data collection and reporting and that institutions appointed for this task actively participate, in the related Union-wide quality assurance programmes, (iv) that the National Reference Laboratories are appointed by the appropriate competent authority or body designated pursuant to Article 3 and are accredited for the reference methods referred to in Annex VI, at least for those pollutants for which concentrations are above the lower assessment threshold, according to the relevant harmonised standard for testing and calibration laboratories, the reference to which has been published in the Official Journal of the European Union pursuant to Article 2(9) of Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 setting out the requirements for accreditation and market surveillance. These laboratories shall also be responsible for the coordination in Member State's territory of the Union-wide quality assurance programmes to be organised by the Commission's Joint Research Centre and shall also be responsible for coordinating, on the national level, the appropriate use of reference methods, and the demonstration of equivalence of non-reference methods. National Reference Laboratories organising intercomparison on the national level should also be accredited according to the relevant harmonised standard for proficiency testing.(v) that the National Reference Laboratories, take part at least every three years in the Union-wide quality assurance programmes organized by the Commission's Joint Research Centre. If this participation produces unsatisfactory results then the national laboratory should demonstrate at the next participation in the intercomparison satisfactory remediation measures, and provide a report to the Joint Research Centre on these. (vi) that the national reference laboratories support the work done by the European network of National Reference Laboratories set up by the Commission.
| Health protection | Vegetation protection | |
|---|---|---|
| Upper assessment threshold | 60 % of 24-hour limit value (75 μg/m | |
| Lower assessment threshold | 40 % of 24-hour limit value (50 μg/m |
| Hourly limit value for the protection of human health (NO | Annual limit value for the protection of human health (NO | Annual critical level for the protection of vegetation and natural ecosystems (NO | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper assessment threshold | 70 % of limit value (140 μg/m | 80 % of limit value (32 μg/m | 80 % of critical level (24 μg/m |
| Lower assessment threshold | 50 % of limit value (100 μg/m | 65 % of limit value (26 μg/m | 65 % of critical level (19,5 μg/m |
| 24-hour average PM | Annual average PM | Annual average PM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper assessment threshold | 70 % of limit value (35 μg/m | 70 % of limit value (28 μg/m | 70 % of limit value (17 μg/m |
| Lower assessment threshold | 50 % of limit value (25 μg/m | 50 % of limit value (20 μg/m | 50 % of limit value (12 μg/m |
| Annual average | |
|---|---|
| Upper assessment threshold | 70 % of limit value (0,35 μg/m |
| Lower assessment threshold | 50 % of limit value (0,25 μg/m |
| Annual average | |
|---|---|
| Upper assessment threshold | 70 % of limit value (3,5 μg/m |
| Lower assessment threshold | 40 % of limit value (2 μg/m |
| Eight-hour average | |
|---|---|
| Upper assessment threshold | 70 % of limit value (7 mg/m |
| Lower assessment threshold | 50 % of limit value (5 mg/m |
(a) any locations situated within areas where members of the public do not have access and there is no fixed habitation; (b) in accordance with Article 2(1), on factory premises or at industrial installations to which all relevant provisions concerning health and safety at work apply; (c) on the carriageway of roads; and on the central reservations of roads except where there is normally pedestrian access to the central reservation.
(a) Sampling points directed at the protection of human health shall be sited in such a way as to provide data on the following: the areas within zones and agglomerations where the highest concentrations occur to which the population is likely to be directly or indirectly exposed for a period which is significant in relation to the averaging period of the limit value(s), levels in other areas within the zones and agglomerations which are representative of the exposure of the general population,
(b) Sampling points shall in general be sited in such a way as to avoid measuring very small micro-environments in their immediate vicinity, which means that a sampling point must be sited in such a way that the air sampled is representative of air quality for a street segment no less than 100 m length at traffic-orientated sites and at least 250 m × 250 m at industrial sites, where feasible; (c) Urban background locations shall be located so that their pollution level is influenced by the integrated contribution from all sources upwind of the station. The pollution level should not be dominated by a single source unless such a situation is typical for a larger urban area. Those sampling points shall, as a general rule, be representative for several square kilometres; (d) Where the objective is to assess rural background levels, the sampling point shall not be influenced by agglomerations or industrial sites in its vicinity, i.e. sites closer than five kilometres; (e) Where contributions from industrial sources are to be assessed, at least one sampling point shall be installed downwind of the source in the nearest residential area. Where the background concentration is not known, an additional sampling point shall be situated within the main wind direction; (f) Sampling points shall, where possible, also be representative of similar locations not in their immediate vicinity; (g) Account shall be taken of the need to locate sampling points on islands where that is necessary for the protection of human health.
the flow around the inlet sampling probe shall be unrestricted (in general free in an arc of at least 270° or 180° for sampling points at the building line) without any obstructions affecting the airflow in the vicinity of the inlet (normally some metres away from buildings, balconies, trees and other obstacles and at least 0,5 m from the nearest building in the case of sampling points representing air quality at the building line), in general, the inlet sampling point shall be between 1,5 m (the breathing zone) and 4 m above the ground. Higher siting may also be appropriate if the station is representative of a large area and any derogations should be fully documented, the inlet probe shall not be positioned in the immediate vicinity of sources in order to avoid the direct intake of emissions unmixed with ambient air, the sampler's exhaust outlet shall be positioned so that recirculation of exhaust air to the sampler inlet is avoided, for all pollutants, traffic-orientated sampling probes shall be at least 25 m from the edge of major junctions and no more than 10 m from the kerbside. A "major junction" to be considered here is a junction which interrupts the traffic flow and causes different emissions (stop&go) from the rest of the road.,
interfering sources, security, access, availability of electrical power and telephone communications, visibility of the site in relation to its surroundings, safety of the public and operators, the desirability of co-locating sampling points for different pollutants, planning requirements.,
| SO | Na | NH | Ca | elemental carbon (EC) |
| NO | K | Cl | Mg | organic carbon (OC) |
| If maximum concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold | If maximum concentrations are between the upper and lower assessment thresholds | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pollutants except PM | PM | Pollutants except PM | PM | |
| 0-249 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| 250-499 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| 500-749 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| 750-999 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 |
| 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 | |
| 5 | 7 | 2 | 3 | |
| 6 | 8 | 3 | 4 | |
| 7 | 10 | 3 | 4 | |
| 8 | 11 | 3 | 6 | |
| 9 | 13 | 4 | 6 | |
| ≥ | 10 | 15 | 4 | 7 |
| If maximum concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold | If maximum concentrations are between upper and lower assessment threshold |
| 1 station every | 1 station every |
| AOT40 | total possible number of hours (*) |
| number of measured hourly values |
| Objective | Averaging period | Target value | Date by which target value should be met |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protection of human health | Maximum daily eight-hour mean | 120 μg/m | |
| Protection of vegetation | May to July |
| Objective | Averaging period | Longterm objective | Date by which the longterm objective should be met |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protection of human health | Maximum daily eight-hour mean within a calendar year | 120 μg/m | not defined |
| Protection of vegetation | May to July | AOT40 (calculated from 1 h values) | not defined |
| Type of station | Objectives of measurement | Representativeness | Macroscale siting criteria |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urban | A few km | ||
| Suburban | Some tens of km | ||
| Rural | |||
| Rural background |
| Population (× | Agglomeration | Other zones | Rural background |
|---|---|---|---|
| < 250 | 1 | 1 station/ | |
| < 500 | 1 | 2 | |
| < | 2 | 2 | |
| < | 3 | 3 | |
| < | 3 | 4 | |
| < | 4 | 5 | |
| < | 5 | 6 | |
| > | One additional station per 2 million inhabitants | One additional station per 2 million inhabitants |
| 1-Butene | Isoprene | Ethyl benzene | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethane | Trans-2-Butene | n-Hexane | m + p-Xylene |
| Ethylene | cis-2-Butene | i-Hexane | o-Xylene |
| Acetylene | 1,3-Butadiene | n-Heptane | 1,2,4-Trimethylebenzene |
| Propane | n-Pentane | n-Octane | 1,2,3-Trimethylebenzene |
| Propene | i-Pentane | i-Octane | 1,3,5-Trimethylebenzene |
| n-Butane | 1-Pentene | Benzene | Formaldehyde |
| i-Butane | 2-Pentene | Toluene | Total non-methane hydrocarbons |
| Parameter | Required proportion of valid data |
|---|---|
| One hour values | 75 % (i.e. 45 minutes) |
| Eight hours values | 75 % of values (i.e. 6 hours) |
| Maximum daily 8-hour mean | 75 % of the hourly running eight hour averages (i.e. 18 eight hour averages per day) |
| 24-hour values | 75 % of the hourly averages (i.e. at least 18 hour values) |
| Annual mean | 90 % |
| Averaging Period | Limit value | Margin of tolerance | Date by which limit value is to be met |
|---|---|---|---|
| One hour | 350 μg/m | 150 μg/m | — |
| One day | 125 μg/m | None | — |
| One hour | 200 μg/m | 50 % on | |
| Calendar year | 40 μg/m | 50 % on | |
| Calendar year | 5 μg/m | 5 μg/m | |
| maximum daily eight hour mean | 10 mg/m | 60 % | — |
| Calendar year | 0,5 μg/m | 100 % | — |
| One day | 50 μg/m | 50 % | — |
| Calendar year | 40 μg/m | 20 % | — |
| Pollutant | Alert threshold |
|---|---|
| Sulphur dioxide | 500 μg/m |
| Nitrogen dioxide | 400 μg/m |
| Purpose | Averaging period | Threshold |
|---|---|---|
| Information | 1 hour | 180 μg/m |
| Alert | 1 hour | 240 μg/m |
| Averaging period | Critical level | Margin of tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Sulphur dioxide | ||
| Calendar year and winter (1 October to 31 March) | 20 μg/m | None |
| Oxides of nitrogen | ||
| Calendar year | 30 μg/m | None |
| Exposure reduction target relative to the AEI in 2010 | Year by which the exposure reduction target should be met | |
|---|---|---|
| Initial concentration in μg/m | Reduction target in percent | 2020 |
| < 8,5 = 8,5 | 0 % | |
| > 8,5 — < 13 | 10 % | |
| = 13 — < 18 | 15 % | |
| = 18 — < 22 | 20 % | |
| ≥ 22 | All appropriate measures to achieve 18 μg/m | |
| Exposure concentration obligation | Year by which the obligation value is to be met |
|---|---|
| 20 μg/m | 2015 |
| Averaging period | Target value | Date by which target value should be met |
|---|---|---|
| Calendar year | 25 μg/m |
| Averaging period | Limit value | Margin of tolerance | Date by which limit value is to be met |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAGE 1 | |||
| Calendar year | 25 μg/m | 20 % on | |
| STAGE 2 | |||
| Calendar year | 20 μg/m | ||
(a) region; (b) city (map); (c) measuring station (map, geographical coordinates).
(a) type of zone (city, industrial or rural area); (b) estimate of the polluted area (km 2 ) and of the population exposed to the pollution;(c) useful climatic data; (d) relevant data on topography; (e) sufficient information on the type of targets requiring protection in the zone.
(a) concentrations observed over previous years (before the implementation of the improvement measures); (b) concentrations measured since the beginning of the project; (c) techniques used for the assessment.
(a) list of the main emission sources responsible for pollution (map); (b) total quantity of emissions from these sources (tonnes/year); (c) information on pollution imported from other regions.
(a) details of those factors responsible for the exceedance (e.g. transport, including cross-border transport, formation of secondary pollutants in the atmosphere); (b) details of possible measures for the improvement of air quality.
(a) local, regional, national, international measures; (b) observed effects of these measures.
(a) listing and description of all the measures set out in the project; (b) timetable for implementation; (c) estimate of the improvement of air quality planned and of the expected time required to attain these objectives.
1. Council Directive 70/220/EEC of 20 March 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States on measures to be taken against air pollution by emissions from motor vehiclesOJ L 76, 6.4.1970, p. 1 . Directive as last amended by Directive 2006/96/EC (OJ L 363, 20.12.2006, p. 81 ).2. Directive 94/63/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 1994 on the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions resulting from the storage of petrol and its distribution from terminals to service stationsOJ L 365, 31.12.1994, p. 24 . Directive as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p. 1 ).3. Directive 2008/1/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2008 concerning integrated pollution prevention and controlOJ L 24, 29.1.2008, p. 8 .4. Directive 97/68/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 1997 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from internal combustion engines to be installed in non-road mobile machineryOJ L 59, 27.2.1998, p. 1 . Directive as last amended by Directive 2006/105/EC.5. Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuelsOJ L 350, 28.12.1998, p. 58 . Directive as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003.6. Council Directive 1999/13/EC of 11 March 1999 on the limitation of emissions of volatile organic compounds due to the use of organic solvents in certain activities and installationsOJ L 85, 29.3.1999, p. 1 . Directive as last amended by Directive 2004/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 143, 30.4.2004, p. 87 ).7. Council Directive 1999/32/EC of 26 April 1999 relating to a reduction in the sulphur content of certain liquid fuelsOJ L 121, 11.5.1999, p. 13 . Directive as last amended by Directive 2005/33/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 191, 22.7.2005, p. 59 ).8. Directive 2000/76/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 December 2000 on the incineration of wasteOJ L 332, 28.12.2000, p. 91 .9. Directive 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2001 on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants;10. Directive 2001/81/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2001 on national emission ceilings for certain atmospheric pollutants;11. Directive 2004/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on the limitation of emissions of volatile organic compounds due to the use of organic solvents in certain paints and varnishes and vehicle refinishing productsOJ L 143, 30.4.2004, p. 87 .12. Directive 2005/33/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2005 amending Directive 1999/32/EC as regards the sulphur content of marine fuelsOJ L 191, 22.7.2005, p. 59 .13. Directive 2005/55/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 September 2005 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the measures to be taken against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from compression-ignition engines for use in vehicles, and the emission of gaseous pollutants from positive-ignition engines fuelled with natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas for use in vehiclesOJ L 275, 20.10.2005, p. 1 . Directive as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 (OJ L 171, 29.6.2007, p. 1 ).14. Directive 2006/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2006 on energy end-use efficiency and energy servicesOJ L 114, 27.4.2006, p. 64 .
(a) reduction of emissions from stationary sources by ensuring that polluting small and medium sized stationary combustion sources (including for biomass) are fitted with emission control equipment or replaced; (b) reduction of emissions from vehicles through retrofitting with emission control equipment. The use of economic incentives to accelerate take-up should be considered; (c) procurement by public authorities, in line with the handbook on environmental public procurement, of road vehicles, fuels and combustion equipment to reduce emissions, including the purchase of: new vehicles, including low emission vehicles, cleaner vehicle transport services, low emission stationary combustion sources, low emission fuels for stationary and mobile sources,
(d) measures to limit transport emissions through traffic planning and management (including congestion pricing, differentiated parking fees or other economic incentives; establishing low emission zones); (e) measures to encourage a shift of transport towards less polluting modes; (f) ensuring that low emission fuels are used in small, medium and large scale stationary sources and in mobile sources; (g) measures to reduce air pollution through the permit system under Directive 2008/1/EC, the national plans under Directive 2001/80/EC, and through the use of economic instruments such as taxes, charges or emission trading. (h) where appropriate, measures to protect the health of children or other sensitive groups.
(a) information on observed exceedance(s): location or area of the exceedance, type of threshold exceeded (information or alert), start time and duration of the exceedance, highest one hour concentration and in addition highest eight hour mean concentration in the case of ozone;
(b) forecast for the following afternoon/day(s): geographical area of expected exceedances of information and/or alert threshold, expected changes in pollution (improvement, stabilisation or deterioration), together with the reasons for those changes;
(c) information on the type of population concerned, possible health effects and recommended behaviour: information on population groups at risk, description of likely symptoms, recommended precautions to be taken by the population concerned, where to find further information;
(d) information on preventive action to reduce pollution and/or exposure to it: indication of main source sectors; recommendations for action to reduce emissions; (e) in the case of predicted exceedances, Member State shall take steps to ensure that such details are supplied to the extent practicable.
| This Directive | Directive 96/62/EC | Directive 1999/30/EC | Directive 2000/69/EC | Directive 2002/3/EC |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Article 1 | Article 1 | Article 1 | Article 1 | Article 1 |
| Article 2(1) to (5) | Article 2(1) to (5) | — | — | — |
| Article 2(6) and (7) | — | — | — | — |
| Article 2(8) | Article 2(8) | Article 2(7) | — | — |
| Article 2(9) | Article 2(6) | — | — | Article 2(9) |
| Article 2(10) | Article 2(7) | Article 2(6) | — | Article 2(11) |
| Article 2(11) | — | — | — | Article 2(12) |
| Article 2(12) and (13) | — | Article 2(13) and (14) | Article 2(a) and (b) | — |
| Article 2(14) | — | — | — | Article 2(10) |
| Article 2(15) and (16) | Article 2(9) and (10) | Article 2(8) and (9) | — | Article 2(7) and (8) |
| Article 2(17) and (18) | — | Article 2(11) and (12) | — | — |
| Article 2(19), (20), (21), (22) and (23) | — | — | — | — |
| Article 2(24) | — | Article 2(10) | — | — |
| Article 2(25) and (26) | Article 6(5) | — | — | — |
| Article 2(27) | — | — | — | Article 2(13) |
| Article 2(28) | — | — | — | Article 2(3) |
| Article 3, with the exception of paragraph (1)(f) | Article 3 | — | — | — |
| Article 3(1)(f) | — | — | — | — |
| Article 4 | Article 2(9) and (10), Article 6(1) | — | — | — |
| Article 5 | — | Article 7(1) | Article 5(1) | — |
| Article 6(1) to (4) | Article 6(1) to (4) | — | — | — |
| Article 6(5) | — | — | — | — |
| Article 7 | — | Article 7(2) and (3) with amendments | Article 5(2) and (3) with amendments | — |
| Article 8 | — | Article 7(5) | Article 5(5) | — |
| Article 9 | — | — | — | Article 9(1) first and second subparagraphs |
| Article 10 | — | — | — | Article 9(1) to (3) with amendments |
| Article 11(1) | — | — | — | Article 9(4) |
| Article 11(2) | — | — | — | — |
| Article 12 | Article 9 | — | — | — |
| Article 13(1) | — | Articles 3(1), 4(1), 5(1) and 6 | Articles 3(1) and 4 | — |
| Article 13(2) | — | Articles 3(2) and 4(2) | — | — |
| Article 13(3) | — | Article 5(5) | — | — |
| Article 14 | — | Articles 3(1) and 4(1) with amendments | — | — |
| Article 15 | — | — | — | — |
| Article 16 | — | — | — | — |
| Article 17(1) | — | — | — | Articles 3(1) and 4(1) |
| Article 17(2) | — | — | — | Article 3(2) and (3) |
| Article 17(3) | — | — | — | Article 4(2) |
| Article 18 | — | — | — | Article 5 |
| Article 19 | Article 10 with amendments | Article 8(3) | — | Article 6 with amendments |
| Article 20 | — | Articles 3(4) and 5(4) with amendments | — | — |
| Article 21 | — | — | — | — |
| Article 22 | — | — | — | — |
| Article 23 | Article 8(1) to (4) with amendments | — | — | — |
| Article 24 | Article 7(3) with amendments | — | — | Article 7 with amendments |
| Article 25 | Article 8(5) with amendments | — | — | Article 8 with amendments |
| Article 26 | — | Article 8 with amendments | Article 7 with amendments | Article 6 with amendments |
| Article 27 | Article 11 with amendments | Article 5(2) second subparagraph | — | Article 10 with amendments |
| Article 28(1) | Article 12(1) with amendments | — | — | — |
| Article 28(2) | Article 11 with amendments | — | — | — |
| Article 28(3) | — | — | — | — |
| Article 28(4) | — | Annex IX with amendments | — | — |
| Article 29 | Article 12(2) | — | — | — |
| Article 30 | — | Article 11 | Article 9 | Article 14 |
| Article 31 | — | — | — | — |
| Article 32 | — | — | — | — |
| Article 33 | Article 13 | Article 12 | Article 10 | Article 15 |
| Article 34 | Article 14 | Article 13 | Article 11 | Article 17 |
| Article 35 | Article 15 | Article 14 | Article 12 | Article 18 |
| Annex I | — | Annex VIII with amendments | Annex VI | Annex VII |
| Annex II | — | Annex V with amendments | Annex III | — |
| Annex III | — | Annex VI | Annex IV | — |
| Annex IV | — | — | — | — |
| Annex V | — | Annex VII with amendments | Annex V | — |
| Annex VI | — | Annex IX with amendments | Annex VII | Annex VIII |
| Annex VII | — | — | — | Annex I, Annex III section II |
| Annex VIII | — | — | — | Annex IV |
| Annex IX | — | — | — | Annex V |
| Annex X | — | — | — | Annex VI |
| Annex XI | — | Annex I, section I, Annex II, section I and Annex III (with amendments); Annex IV (unchanged) | Annex I, Annex II | — |
| Annex XII | — | Annex I, section II, Annex II, section II, | — | Annex II, section I |
| Annex XIII | — | Annex I, section I, Annex II, section I | — | — |
| Annex XIV | — | — | — | — |
| Annex XV Section A | Annex IV | — | — | — |
| Annex XV Section B | — | — | — | — |
| Annex XVI | — | Article 8 | Article 7 | Article 6 with amendments |
the Council and Parliament have already adopted new legislation limiting the exhaust emissions of light duty vehicles, the Commission has adopted a proposal for new legislation to improve the effectiveness of Community industrial emissions legislation including intensive agricultural installations and measures to tackle smaller scale industrial combustion sources, the Commission has adopted a proposal for new legislation limiting the exhaust emissions of engines installed in heavy duty vehicles, in 2008 the Commission foresees new legislative proposals that would: further reduce the Member States’ permitted national emissions of key pollutants, reduce emissions associated with refuelling of petrol cars at service stations, address the sulphur content of fuels including marine fuels,
preparatory work is also underway to investigate the feasibility of: improving the eco-design and reducing the emissions of domestic boilers and water heaters, reducing the solvent content of paints, varnishes and vehicle refinishing products, reducing the exhaust emissions of non-road mobile machinery and thereby maximise the benefit of lower sulphur non-road fuels already proposed by the Commission,
The Commission also continues to push for substantial emissions reductions from ships at the International Maritime Organisation and it is committed to bringing forward proposals for Community measures should the IMO fail to deliver sufficiently ambitious proposals as foreseen in 2008.