Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC (Text with EEA relevance)
Modified by
- Directive 2004/101/EC of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 27 October 2004amending Directive 2003/87/EC establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community, in respect of the Kyoto Protocol's project mechanisms(Text with EEA relevance), 32004L0101, November 13, 2004
- Directive 2008/101/EC of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 19 November 2008amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to include aviation activities in the scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community(Text with EEA relevance), 32008L0101, January 13, 2009
- Regulation (EC) No 219/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 11 March 2009adapting a number of instruments subject to the procedure referred to in Article 251 of the Treaty to Council Decision 1999/468/EC with regard to the regulatory procedure with scrutinyAdaptation to the regulatory procedure with scrutiny — Part Two, 32009R0219, March 31, 2009
- Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 23 April 2009amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community(Text with EEA relevance), 32009L0029, June 5, 2009
- Treatybetweenthe Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland(Member States of the European Union)andthe Republic of Croatiaconcerning the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union, 12012J, April 24, 2012
- Decision No 1359/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 17 December 2013amending Directive 2003/87/EC clarifying provisions on the timing of auctions of greenhouse gas allowances(Text with EEA relevance), 32013D1359, December 19, 2013
- Regulation (EU) No 421/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 16 April 2014amending Directive 2003/87/EC establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community, in view of the implementation by 2020 of an international agreement applying a single global market-based measure to international aviation emissions(Text with EEA relevance)Corrigendum to Regulation (EU) No 421/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 amending Directive 2003/87/EC establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community, in view of the implementation by 2020 of an international agreement applying a single global market-based measure to international aviation emissions(Official Journal of the European Union L 129 of 30 April 2014), 32014R042132014R0421R(01), April 30, 2014
- Decision (EU) 2015/1814 of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 6 October 2015concerning the establishment and operation of a market stability reserve for the Union greenhouse gas emission trading scheme and amending Directive 2003/87/EC(Text with EEA relevance), 32015D1814, October 9, 2015
- Regulation (EU) 2017/2392 of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 13 December 2017amending Directive 2003/87/EC to continue current limitations of scope for aviation activities and to prepare to implement a global market-based measure from 2021, 32017R2392, December 29, 2017
Corrected by
- Corrigendum to Regulation (EU) No 421/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 amending Directive 2003/87/EC establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community, in view of the implementation by 2020 of an international agreement applying a single global market-based measure to international aviation emissions, 32014R0421R(01), May 14, 2014
(a) "allowance" means an allowance to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent during a specified period, which shall be valid only for the purposes of meeting the requirements of this Directive and shall be transferable in accordance with the provisions of this Directive; (b) "emissions" means the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere from sources in an installation or the release from an aircraft performing an aviation activity listed in Annex I of the gases specified in respect of that activity; (c) "greenhouse gases" means the gases listed in Annex II and other gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation; (d) "greenhouse gas emissions permit" means the permit issued in accordance with Articles 5 and 6; (e) "installation" means a stationary technical unit where one or more activities listed in Annex I are carried out and any other directly associated activities which have a technical connection with the activities carried out on that site and which could have an effect on emissions and pollution; (f) "operator" means any person who operates or controls an installation or, where this is provided for in national legislation, to whom decisive economic power over the technical functioning of the installation has been delegated; (g) "person" means any natural or legal person; (h) "new entrant" means: any installation carrying out one or more of the activities indicated in Annex I, which has obtained a greenhouse gas emissions permit for the first time after 30 June 2011 ,any installation carrying out an activity which is included in the Community scheme pursuant to Article 24(1) or (2) for the first time, or any installation carrying out one or more of the activities indicated in Annex I or an activity which is included in the Community scheme pursuant to Article 24(1) or (2), which has had a significant extension after 30 June 2011 , only in so far as this extension is concerned;
(i) "the public" means one or more persons and, in accordance with national legislation or practice, associations, organisations or groups of persons; (j) "tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent" means one metric tonne of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) or an amount of any other greenhouse gas listed in Annex II with an equivalent global-warming potential;(k) "Annex I Party" means a Party listed in Annex I to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that has ratified the Kyoto Protocol as specified in Article 1(7) of the Kyoto Protocol; (l) "project activity" means a project activity approved by one or more Annex I Parties in accordance with Article 6 or Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol and the decisions adopted pursuant to the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol; (m) "emission reduction unit" or "ERU" means a unit issued pursuant to Article 6 of the Kyoto Protocol and the decisions adopted pursuant to the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol; (n) "certified emission reduction" or "CER" means a unit issued pursuant to Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol and the decisions adopted pursuant to the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol; (o) "aircraft operator" means the person who operates an aircraft at the time it performs an aviation activity listed in Annex I or, where that person is not known or is not identified by the owner of the aircraft, the owner of the aircraft; (p) "commercial air transport operator" means an operator that, for remuneration, provides scheduled or non-scheduled air transport services to the public for the carriage of passengers, freight or mail; (q) "administering Member State" means the Member State responsible for administering the Community scheme in respect of an aircraft operator in accordance with Article 18a; (r) "attributed aviation emissions" means emissions from all flights falling within the aviation activities listed in Annex I which depart from an aerodrome situated in the territory of a Member State and those which arrive in such an aerodrome from a third country; (s) "historical aviation emissions" means the mean average of the annual emissions in the calendar years 2004, 2005 and 2006 from aircraft performing an aviation activity listed in Annex I; (t) "combustion" means any oxidation of fuels, regardless of the way in which the heat, electrical or mechanical energy produced by this process is used, and any other directly associated activities, including waste gas scrubbing; (u) "electricity generator" means an installation that, on or after 1 January 2005 , has produced electricity for sale to third parties, and in which no activity listed in Annex I is carried out other than the "combustion of fuels".
(a) the total quantity of allowances to be allocated for that period in accordance with Article 3c; (b) the number of allowances to be auctioned in that period in accordance with Article 3d; (c) the number of allowances in the special reserve for aircraft operators in that period in accordance with Article 3f(1); (d) the number of allowances to be allocated free of charge in that period by subtracting the number of allowances referred to in points (b) and (c) from the total quantity of allowances decided upon under point (a); and (e) the benchmark to be used to allocate allowances free of charge to aircraft operators whose applications were submitted to the Commission in accordance with paragraph 2.
(a) the total allocation of allowances for the period to each aircraft operator whose application it submitted to the Commission in accordance with paragraph 2, calculated by multiplying the tonne-kilometre data included in the application by the benchmark referred to in paragraph 3(e); and (b) the allocation of allowances to each aircraft operator for each year, which shall be determined by dividing its total allocation of allowances for the period calculated under point (a) by the number of years in the period for which that aircraft operator is performing an aviation activity listed in Annex I.
(a) who start performing an aviation activity falling within Annex I after the monitoring year for which tonne-kilometre data was submitted under Article 3e(1) in respect of a period referred to in Article 3c(2); or (b) whose tonne-kilometre data increases by an average of more than 18 % annually between the monitoring year for which tonne-kilometre data was submitted under Article 3e(1) in respect of a period referred to in Article 3c(2) and the second calendar year of that period;
(a) include verified tonne-kilometre data in accordance with Annexes IV and V for the aviation activities listed in Annex I performed by the aircraft operator in the second calendar year of the period referred to in Article 3c(2) to which the application relates; (b) provide evidence that the criteria for eligibility under paragraph 1 are fulfilled; and (c) in the case of aircraft operators falling within paragraph 1(b), state: (i) the percentage increase in tonne-kilometres performed by that aircraft operator between the monitoring year for which tonne-kilometre data was submitted under Article 3e(1) in respect of a period referred to in Article 3c(2) and the second calendar year of that period; (ii) the absolute growth in tonne-kilometres performed by that aircraft operator between the monitoring year for which tonne-kilometre data was submitted under Article 3e(1) in respect of a period referred to in Article 3c(2) and the second calendar year of that period; and (iii) the absolute growth in tonne-kilometres performed by that aircraft operator between the monitoring year for which tonne-kilometre data was submitted under Article 3e(1) in respect of a period referred to in Article 3c(2) and the second calendar year of that period which exceeds the percentage specified in paragraph 1(b).
(a) the tonne-kilometre data for aircraft operators falling within paragraph 1(a) included in applications submitted to the Commission in accordance with paragraphs 3(a) and 4; and (b) the absolute growth in tonne-kilometres exceeding the percentage specified in paragraph 1(b) for aircraft operators falling within paragraph 1(b) included in applications submitted to the Commission in accordance with paragraphs 3(c)(iii) and 4.
(a) the allocation of allowances from the special reserve to each aircraft operator whose application it submitted to the Commission in accordance with paragraph 4. This allocation shall be calculated by multiplying the benchmark referred to in paragraph 5 by: (i) in the case of an aircraft operator falling within paragraph 1(a), the tonne-kilometre data included in the application submitted to the Commission under paragraphs 3(a) and 4; (ii) in the case of an aircraft operator falling within paragraph 1(b), the absolute growth in tonne-kilometres exceeding the percentage specified in paragraph 1(b) included in the application submitted to the Commission under paragraphs 3(c)(iii) and 4; and
(b) the allocation of allowances to each aircraft operator for each year, which shall be determined by dividing its allocation of allowances under point (a) by the number of full calendar years remaining in the period referred to in Article 3c(2) to which the allocation relates.
(a) the installation and its activities including the technology used; (b) the raw and auxiliary materials, the use of which is likely to lead to emissions of gases listed in Annex I; (c) the sources of emissions of gases listed in Annex I from the installation; and (d) the measures planned to monitor and report emissions in accordance with the regulation referred to in Article 14.
(a) the name and address of the operator; (b) a description of the activities and emissions from the installation; (c) a monitoring plan that fulfils the requirements under the regulation referred to in Article 14. Member States may allow operators to update monitoring plans without changing the permit. Operators shall submit any updated monitoring plans to the competent authority for approval; (d) reporting requirements; and (e) an obligation to surrender allowances, other than allowances issued under Chapter II, equal to the total emissions of the installation in each calendar year, as verified in accordance with Article 15, within four months following the end of that year.
(a) 88 % of the total quantity of allowances to be auctioned being distributed amongst Member States in shares that are identical to the share of verified emissions under the Community scheme for 2005 or the average of the period from 2005 to 2007, whichever one is the highest, of the Member State concerned; (b) 10 % of the total quantity of allowances to be auctioned being distributed amongst certain Member States for the purpose of solidarity and growth within the Community, thereby increasing the amount of allowances that those Member States auction under point (a) by the percentages specified in Annex IIa; and (c) 2 % of the total quantity of allowances to be auctioned being distributed amongst Member States the greenhouse gas emissions of which were, in 2005, at least 20 % below their emissions in the base year applicable to them under the Kyoto Protocol. The distribution of this percentage amongst the Member States concerned is set out in Annex IIb.
(a) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including by contributing to the Global Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fund and to the Adaptation Fund as made operational by the Poznan Conference on Climate Change (COP 14 and COP/MOP 4), to adapt to the impacts of climate change and to fund research and development as well as demonstration projects for reducing emissions and for adaptation to climate change, including participation in initiatives within the framework of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan and the European Technology Platforms; (b) to develop renewable energies to meet the commitment of the Community to using 20 % renewable energies by 2020, as well as to develop other technologies contributing to the transition to a safe and sustainable low-carbon economy and to help meet the commitment of the Community to increase energy efficiency by 20 % by 2020; (c) measures to avoid deforestation and increase afforestation and reforestation in developing countries that have ratified the international agreement on climate change, to transfer technologies and to facilitate adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change in these countries; (d) forestry sequestration in the Community; (e) the environmentally safe capture and geological storage of CO 2 , in particular from solid fossil fuel power stations and a range of industrial sectors and subsectors, including in third countries;(f) to encourage a shift to low-emission and public forms of transport; (g) to finance research and development in energy efficiency and clean technologies in the sectors covered by this Directive; (h) measures intended to increase energy efficiency and insulation or to provide financial support in order to address social aspects in lower and middle income households; (i) to cover administrative expenses of the management of the Community scheme.
(a) operators, and in particular any SMEs covered by the Community scheme, have full, fair and equitable access; (b) all participants have access to the same information at the same time and that participants do not undermine the operation of the auction; (c) the organisation and participation in auctions is cost-efficient and undue administrative costs are avoided; and (d) access to allowances is granted for small emitters.
(a) the annual Community-wide total quantity, as determined pursuant to Article 9, multiplied by the share of emissions from installations not covered by paragraph 3 in the total average verified emissions, in the period from 2005 to 2007, from installations covered by the Community scheme in the period from 2008 to 2012; and (b) the total average annual verified emissions from installations in the period from 2005 to 2007 which are only included in the Community scheme from 2013 onwards and are not covered by paragraph 3, adjusted by the linear factor, as referred to in Article 9.
(a) the sum of direct and indirect additional costs induced by the implementation of this Directive would lead to a substantial increase of production costs, calculated as a proportion of the gross value added, of at least 5 %; and (b) the intensity of trade with third countries, defined as the ratio between the total value of exports to third countries plus the value of imports from third countries and the total market size for the Community (annual turnover plus total imports from third countries), is above 10 %.
(a) the sum of direct and indirect additional costs induced by the implementation of this Directive would lead to a particularly high increase of production costs, calculated as a proportion of the gross value added, of at least 30 %; or (b) the intensity of trade with third countries, defined as the ratio between the total value of exports to third countries plus the value of imports from third countries and the total market size for the Community (annual turnover plus total imports from third countries), is above 30 %.
(a) the extent to which it is possible for individual installations in the sector or subsector concerned to reduce emission levels or electricity consumption, including, as appropriate, the increase in production costs that the related investment may entail, for instance on the basis of the most efficient techniques; (b) current and projected market characteristics, including when trade exposure or direct and indirect cost increase rates are close to one of the thresholds mentioned in paragraph 16; (c) profit margins as a potential indicator of long-run investment or relocation decisions.
(a) the extent to which third countries, representing a decisive share of global production of products in sectors or subsectors deemed to be at risk of carbon leakage, firmly commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the relevant sectors or subsectors to an extent comparable to that of the Community and within the same time-frame; and (b) the extent to which the carbon efficiency of installations located in these countries is comparable to that of the Community.
(a) adjustment of the proportion of allowances received free of charge by those sectors or subsectors under Article 10a; (b) inclusion in the Community scheme of importers of products which are produced by the sectors or subsectors determined in accordance with Article 10a; (c) assessment of the impact of carbon leakage on Member States’ energy security, in particular where the electricity connections with the rest of the Union are insufficient and where there are electricity connections with third countries, and appropriate measures in this regard.
(a) in 2007, the national electricity network was not directly or indirectly connected to the network interconnected system operated by the Union for the Coordination of Transmission of Electricity (UCTE); (b) in 2007, the national electricity network was only directly or indirectly connected to the network operated by UCTE through a single line with a capacity of less than 400 MW; or (c) in 2006, more than 30 % of electricity was produced from a single fossil fuel, and the GDP per capita at market price did not exceed 50 % of the average GDP per capita at market price of the Community.
(a) evidence that the Member State meets at least one of the conditions set out in paragraph 1; (b) a list of the installations covered by the application and the amount of allowances to be allocated to each installation in accordance with paragraph 3 and the Commission guidance; (c) the national plan referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 1; (d) monitoring and enforcement provisions with respect to the intended investments pursuant to the national plan; (e) information showing that the allocations do not create undue distortions of competition.
(a) persons within the Community; (b) persons within the Community and persons in third countries, where such allowances are recognised in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 25 without restrictions other than those contained in, or adopted pursuant to, this Directive.
(a) evidence that the aircraft operator has not complied with its obligations under this Directive; (b) details of the enforcement action which has been taken by that Member State; (c) a justification for the imposition of an operating ban at Community level; and (d) a recommendation for the scope of an operating ban at Community level and any conditions that should be applied.
(a) in the case of an aircraft operator with a valid operating licence granted by a Member State in accordance with the provisions of Council Regulation (EEC) No 2407/92 of 23 July 1992 on licensing of air carriersOJ L 240, 24.8.1992, p. 1 .(b) in all other cases, the Member State with the greatest estimated attributed aviation emissions from flights performed by that aircraft operator in the base year.
(a) before 1 February 2009 , publish a list of aircraft operators which performed an aviation activity listed in Annex I on or after1 January 2006 specifying the administering Member State for each aircraft operator in accordance with paragraph 1; and(b) before 1 February of each subsequent year, update the list to include aircraft operators which have subsequently performed an aviation activity listed in Annex I.
(a) in accordance with the regulatory procedure referred to in Article 23(2), if the inclusion refers to installations which are not covered by Annex I; or (b) in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 23(3), if the inclusion refers to activities and greenhouse gases which are not listed in Annex I. Those measures are designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive by supplementing it.
----------------------
(a) it notifies the Commission of each such installation, specifying the equivalent measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions that are in place, before the list of installations pursuant to Article 11(1) has to be submitted and at the latest when this list is submitted to the Commission; (b) it confirms that monitoring arrangements are in place to assess whether any installation emits 25000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent, excluding emissions from biomass, in any one calendar year. Member States may allow simplified monitoring, reporting and verification measures for installations with average annual verified emissions between 2008 and 2010 which are below5000 tonnes a year, in accordance with Article 14;(c) it confirms that if any installation emits 25000 tonnes or more of carbon dioxide equivalent, excluding emissions from biomass, in any one calendar year or the measures applying to that installation that will achieve an equivalent contribution to emission reductions are no longer in place, the installation will be reintroduced into the Community scheme;(d) it publishes the information referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) for public comment.
(a) the nature of the measures agreed upon in the framework of the international negotiations as well as the commitments made by other developed countries to comparable emission reductions to those of the Community and the commitments made by economically more advanced developing countries to contributing adequately according to their responsibilities and respective capabilities; (b) the implications of the international agreement on climate change, and consequently, options required at Community level, in order to move to the more ambitious 30 % reduction target in a balanced, transparent and equitable way, taking into account work under the Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period; (c) the Community manufacturing industries' competitiveness in the context of carbon leakage risks; (d) the impact of the international agreement on climate change on other Community economic sectors; (e) the impact on the Community agriculture sector, including carbon leakage risks; (f) the appropriate modalities for including emissions and removals related to land use, land use change and forestry in the Community; (g) afforestation, reforestation, avoided deforestation and forest degradation in third countries in the event of the establishment of any internationally recognised system in this context; (h) the need for additional Community policies and measures in view of the greenhouse gas reduction commitments of the Community' and of Member States.
(a) all emissions from flights to and from aerodromes located in countries outside the EEA in each calendar year from 1 January 2013 to31 December 2023 , subject to the review referred to in Article 28b;(b) all emissions from flights between an aerodrome located in an outermost region within the meaning of Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and an aerodrome located in another region of the EEA in each calendar year from 1 January 2013 to31 December 2023 , subject to the review referred to in Article 28b.(c) the surrender of allowances, corresponding to verified 2013 emissions from flights between aerodromes located in States in the EEA, taking place by 30 April 2015 instead of30 April 2014 , and verified 2013 emissions for those flights being reported by31 March 2015 instead of31 March 2014 .
(a) a measure which allows Member States to bring forward the auctioning of a part of the quantity to be auctioned; (b) a measure which allows Member States to auction up to 25 % of the remaining allowances in the new entrants reserve.
(a) how and whether Annex I should be amended to include other relevant sectors, inter alia the chemicals, aluminium and transport sectors, activities and emissions of other greenhouse gases listed in Annex II, with a view to further improving the economic efficiency of the scheme;(b) the relationship of Community emission allowance trading with the international emissions trading that will start in 2008; (c) further harmonisation of the method of allocation (including auctioning for the time after 2012) and of the criteria for national allocation plans referred to in Annex III; (d) the use of credits from project activities, including the need for harmonisation of the allowed use of ERUs and CERs in the Community scheme; (e) the relationship of emissions trading with other policies and measures implemented at Member State and Community level, including taxation, that pursue the same objectives; (f) whether it is appropriate for there to be a single Community registry; (g) the level of excess emissions penalties, taking into account, inter alia , inflation;(h) the functioning of the allowance market, covering in particular any possible market disturbances; (i) how to adapt the Community scheme to an enlarged European Union; (j) pooling; (k) the practicality of developing Community-wide benchmarks as a basis for allocation, taking into account the best available techniques and cost-benefit analysis; (l) the impact of project mechanisms on host countries, particularly on their development objectives, whether JI and CDM hydroelectric power production project activities with a generating capacity exceeding 500 MW and having negative environmental or social impacts have been approved, and the future use of CERs or ERUs resulting from any such hydroelectric power production project activities in the Community scheme; (m) the support for capacity-building efforts in developing countries and countries with economies in transition; (n) the modalities and procedures for Member States' approval of domestic project activities and for the issuing of allowances in respect of emission reductions or limitations resulting from such activities from 2008; (o) technical provisions relating to the temporary nature of credits and the limit of 1 % for eligibility for land use, land-use change and forestry project activities as established in Decision 17/CP.7, and provisions relating to the outcome of the evaluation of potential risks associated with the use of genetically modified organisms and potentially invasive alien species by afforestation and reforestation project activities, to allow operators to use CERs and ERUs resulting from land use, land-use change and forestry project activities in the Community scheme from 2008, in accordance with the decisions adopted pursuant to the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol.
(a) the implications and impacts of this Directive as regards the overall functioning of the Community scheme; (b) the functioning of the aviation allowance market, covering in particular any possible market disturbances; (c) the environmental effectiveness of the Community scheme and the extent by which the total quantity of allowances to be allocated to aircraft operators under Article 3c should be reduced in line with overall EU emissions reduction targets; (d) the impact of the Community scheme on the aviation sector, including issues of competitiveness, taking into account in particular the effect of climate change policies implemented for aviation outside the EU; (e) continuing with the special reserve for aircraft operators, taking into account the likely convergence of growth rates across the industry; (f) the impact of the Community scheme on the structural dependency on aviation transport of islands, landlocked regions, peripheral regions and the outermost regions of the Community; (g) whether a gateway system should be included to facilitate the trading of allowances between aircraft operators and operators of installations whilst ensuring that no transactions would result in a net transfer of allowances from aircraft operators to operators of installations; (h) the implications of the exclusion thresholds as specified in Annex I in terms of certified maximum take-off mass and number of flights per year performed by an aircraft operator; (i) the impact of the exemption from the Community scheme of certain flights performed in the framework of public service obligations imposed in accordance with Council Regulation (EEC) No 2408/92 of 23 July 1992 on access for Community air carriers to intra-Community air routesOJ L 240, 24.8.1992, p. 8 .(j) developments, including the potential for future developments, in the efficiency of aviation and in particular the progress towards meeting the Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe (ACARE) goal to develop and demonstrate technologies able to reduce fuel consumption by 50 % by 2020 and whether further measures to increase efficiency are necessary; (k) developments in scientific understanding on the climate change impacts of contrails and cirrus clouds caused by aviation with a view to proposing effective mitigation measures.
| Activities | Greenhouse gases |
|---|---|
| Combustion of fuels in installations with a total rated thermal input exceeding 20 MW (except in installations for the incineration of hazardous or municipal waste) | Carbon dioxide |
| Refining of mineral oil | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of coke | Carbon dioxide |
| Metal ore (including sulphide ore) roasting or sintering, including pelletisation | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of pig iron or steel (primary or secondary fusion) including continuous casting, with a capacity exceeding 2,5 tonnes per hour | Carbon dioxide |
| Production or processing of ferrous metals (including ferro-alloys) where combustion units with a total rated thermal input exceeding 20 MW are operated. Processing includes, inter alia, rolling mills, re-heaters, annealing furnaces, smitheries, foundries, coating and pickling | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of primary aluminium | Carbon dioxide and perfluorocarbons |
| Production of secondary aluminium where combustion units with a total rated thermal input exceeding 20 MW are operated | Carbon dioxide |
| Production or processing of non-ferrous metals, including production of alloys, refining, foundry casting, etc., where combustion units with a total rated thermal input (including fuels used as reducing agents) exceeding 20 MW are operated | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of cement clinker in rotary kilns with a production capacity exceeding 500 tonnes per day or in other furnaces with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of lime or calcination of dolomite or magnesite in rotary kilns or in other furnaces with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day | Carbon dioxide |
| Manufacture of glass including glass fibre with a melting capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day | Carbon dioxide |
| Manufacture of ceramic products by firing, in particular roofing tiles, bricks, refractory bricks, tiles, stoneware or porcelain, with a production capacity exceeding 75 tonnes per day | Carbon dioxide |
| Manufacture of mineral wool insulation material using glass, rock or slag with a melting capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day | Carbon dioxide |
| Drying or calcination of gypsum or production of plaster boards and other gypsum products, where combustion units with a total rated thermal input exceeding 20 MW are operated | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of pulp from timber or other fibrous materials | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of paper or cardboard with a production capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of carbon black involving the carbonisation of organic substances such as oils, tars, cracker and distillation residues, where combustion units with a total rated thermal input exceeding 20 MW are operated | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of nitric acid | Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide |
| Production of adipic acid | Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide |
| Production of glyoxal and glyoxylic acid | Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide |
| Production of ammonia | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of bulk organic chemicals by cracking, reforming, partial or full oxidation or by similar processes, with a production capacity exceeding 100 tonnes per day | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of hydrogen (H | Carbon dioxide |
| Production of soda ash (Na | Carbon dioxide |
| Capture of greenhouse gases from installations covered by this Directive for the purpose of transport and geological storage in a storage site permitted under Directive 2009/31/EC | Carbon dioxide |
| Transport of greenhouse gases by pipelines for geological storage in a storage site permitted under Directive 2009/31/EC | Carbon dioxide |
| Geological storage of greenhouse gases in a storage site permitted under Directive 2009/31/EC | Carbon dioxide |
| Carbon dioxide |
| Member State share | |
|---|---|
| Belgium | 10 % |
| Bulgaria | 53 % |
| Czech Republic | 31 % |
| Estonia | 42 % |
| Greece | 17 % |
| Spain | 13 % |
| Croatia | 26 % |
| Italy | 2 % |
| Cyprus | 20 % |
| Latvia | 56 % |
| Lithuania | 46 % |
| Luxembourg | 10 % |
| Hungary | 28 % |
| Malta | 23 % |
| Poland | 39 % |
| Portugal | 16 % |
| Romania | 53 % |
| Slovenia | 20 % |
| Slovakia | 41 % |
| Sweden | 10 % |
| Member State | Distribution of the 2 % against the Kyoto base in percentages |
|---|---|
| Bulgaria | 15 % |
| Czech Republic | 4 % |
| Estonia | 6 % |
| Hungary | 5 % |
| Latvia | 4 % |
| Lithuania | 7 % |
| Poland | 27 % |
| Romania | 29 % |
| Slovakia | 3 % |
A. Data identifying the installation, including: Name of the installation; Its address, including postcode and country; Type and number of Annex I activities carried out in the installation; Address, telephone, fax and email details for a contact person; and Name of the owner of the installation, and of any parent company.
B. For each Annex I activity carried out on the site for which emissions are calculated: Activity data; Emission factors; Oxidation factors; Total emissions; and Uncertainty.
C. For each Annex I activity carried out on the site for which emissions are measured: Total emissions; Information on the reliability of measurement methods; and Uncertainty.
D. For emissions from combustion, the report shall also include the oxidation factor, unless oxidation has already been taken into account in the development of an activity-specific emission factor.
A. Data identifying the aircraft operator, including: name of the aircraft operator, its administering Member State, its address, including postcode and country and, where different, its contact address in the administering Member State, the aircraft registration numbers and types of aircraft used in the period covered by the report to perform the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator, the number and issuing authority of the air operator certificate and operating licence under which the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator were performed, address, telephone, fax and e-mail details for a contact person, and name of the aircraft owner.
B. For each type of fuel for which emissions are calculated: fuel consumption, emission factor, total aggregated emissions from all flights performed during the period covered by the report which fall within the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator, aggregated emissions from: all flights performed during the period covered by the report which fall within the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator and which departed from an aerodrome situated in the territory of a Member State and arrived at an aerodrome situated in the territory of the same Member State, all other flights performed during the period covered by the report which fall within the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator,
aggregated emissions from all flights performed during the period covered by the report which fall within the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator and which: departed from each Member State, and arrived in each Member State from a third country,
uncertainty.
the number of passengers shall be the number of persons on-board excluding crew members, an aircraft operator may choose to apply either the actual or standard mass for passengers and checked baggage contained in its mass and balance documentation for the relevant flights or a default value of 100 kg for each passenger and his checked baggage.
A. Data identifying the aircraft operator, including: name of the aircraft operator, its administering Member State, its address, including postcode and country and, where different, its contact address in the administering Member State, the aircraft registration numbers and types of aircraft used during the year covered by the application to perform the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator, the number and issuing authority of the air operator certificate and operating licence under which the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator were performed, address, telephone, fax and e-mail details for a contact person, and name of the aircraft owner.
B. Tonne-kilometre data: number of flights by aerodrome pair, number of passenger-kilometres by aerodrome pair, number of tonne-kilometres by aerodrome pair, chosen method for calculation of mass for passengers and checked baggage, total number of tonne-kilometres for all flights performed during the year to which the report relates falling within the aviation activities listed in Annex I for which it is the aircraft operator.
(a) the reported activity data and related measurements and calculations; (b) the choice and the employment of emission factors; (c) the calculations leading to the determination of the overall emissions; and (d) if measurement is used, the appropriateness of the choice and the employment of measuring methods.
(a) the reported data is free of inconsistencies; (b) the collection of the data has been carried out in accordance with the applicable scientific standards; and (c) the relevant records of the installation are complete and consistent.
(a) the provisions of this Directive, as well as relevant standards and guidance adopted by the Commission pursuant to Article 14(1); (b) the legislative, regulatory, and administrative requirements relevant to the activities being verified; and (c) the generation of all information related to each source of emissions in the installation, in particular, relating to the collection, measurement, calculation and reporting of data.
(a) in paragraph 3, the reference to operator shall be read as if it were a reference to an aircraft operator, and in point (c) of that paragraph the reference to installation shall be read as if it were a reference to the aircraft used to perform the aviation activities covered by the report; (b) in paragraph 5, the reference to installation shall be read as if it were a reference to the aircraft operator; (c) in paragraph 6 the reference to activities carried out in the installation shall be read as a reference to aviation activities covered by the report carried out by the aircraft operator; (d) in paragraph 7 the reference to the site of the installation shall be read as if it were a reference to the sites used by the aircraft operator to perform the aviation activities covered by the report; (e) in paragraphs 8 and 9 the references to sources of emissions in the installation shall be read as if they were a reference to the aircraft for which the aircraft operator is responsible; and (f) in paragraphs 10 and 12 the references to operator shall be read as if they were a reference to an aircraft operator.
(a) all flights falling within an aviation activity listed in Annex I have been taken into account. In this task the verifier shall be assisted by timetable data and other data on the aircraft operator’s traffic including data from Eurocontrol requested by that operator; (b) there is overall consistency between aggregated fuel consumption data and data on fuel purchased or otherwise supplied to the aircraft performing the aviation activity.